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Traditionally nty job has been to organize the Laser Marketplace
Seminar. My sense over the last couple years has been that there may
be interest in technologies that are not yet commercialized but which
a lot of people are either worried about as potential competition for
their laser products or as potential opportunities. I'm going to talk
about frequency conversion because that's going to have a dramatic
effect on the way we categorize lasers. Traditionally solid state
lasers were infrared. When you do frequency conversion they're no
longer going to be infrared; they're going to be green, blue, red,
ultraviolet, etc. I'm also going to talk very briefly about laser
diode technologies; just to remind about some of the key
considerations. Increasingly laser diodes are being used as pump
sources, but in some ways we wouldn't have expected that a couple of
years ago. Then I'm going to give you my view of what I think the
power levels are likely to be for commercial lasers, particularly
lasers that are diode pumped or diode related.
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I was asked to speak on scientific laser trends and to do that
I've organized niy talk today into two parts. The first part I was
asked to talk a little bit about the markets, so we're going to talk a
little bit about the niarkets for lasers in scientific applications.
To discuss the iTarket, I've drawn on two sources for numbers, the
R&D inarketplace survey that David Kales conducted that's published in
the January 1991 issue of Laser Focus World and the study that we
sponsored with Foresight Technology to study the federal funding for
scientific R&D. I picked two areas of scientific R&D in the federal
study to highlight, NASA because of the importance of lasers to NASA
operations and then NSF because the National Science Foundation is the
prinary source of niost funds for academic R&D in the States.
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I was very pleased to see Laser Focus's analysis that we're now
the leading consumer of lasers in the world. We put this analysis
together in October/November and this year's analysis was generated
primarily by the industry itself at our "Marketplace for Industrial
Lasers" 1Teeting that was held in Chicago in September. So you're
looking at the industry's numbers as recorded by them in conjunction
with a consensus opinion of the people who participate in this portion
of this industry. Slightly modified and rearranged. For those
of you who are interested in the industrial market, SPIE will be
publishing the proceedings of that meeting this month, or February I
guess and I'd like to tell you that the industry did a remarkable
job at reporting accurately and in great detail the size of the
industrial laser market. So if that's on your agenda, you should
certainly get in touch with the SPIE people to get a hold of it.
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Solid state lasers are the real highlight of my talk today,
and were really the star of the year. In every application area
I can think of, people have tried with some success to introduce
corturiercial solid state products. I'll go into more detail, but
aside from solid state, a very significant event happened in
Deceniber when one of the laser angioplasty companies (Advanced
Interventional Systens) received FDA clearance to begin marketing
the excimer for coronary applications (Figure 1) . This is the first
time to my knowledge that an excimer has ever been cleared for a
medical application in the United States. It's an event that we
didn't really expect to happen so soon. It's extremely significant
and we'll see where it goes from here. The system needs to be
road-tested a bit but to get past the FDA is the major obstacle.
Looking back to solid state laser the importance of solid state
lasers is as researchers become more involved with the excimer and
conduct more clinical studies in ophthalmology, they realize that
it's not going to be a panacea for all refractive surgery or other
ophthalmolic applications. In many cases it looks like the solid
state laser may be the laser of choice in certain types of surgery;
most notably perhaps in refractive surgery. We've all read about
the success of the excimer at least in capturing the press's
attention for corneal sculpting and vision correction. Well, it
could be that actually the next generation will be a solid state
laser, so let's keep an open mind here.
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When you look at the federal government market there are a
variety of players. On the buying side there are agencies and prine
contractors and, as the Desert Shield/Desert Storm has driven hoite,
there are foreign and international organizations that also buy U.S.
technology through the United States government for foreign
applications. I'm not dealing with the latter two in the talk
today. I'm only dealing with goverrnrtent agencies. In the Laser
Focus World federal photonics study, we surveyed people and asked
them who the prine contractors were. A lot of the laser sales are
actually sub-contract sales; if you're making components you may be
a second tier sub-contractor. This is true for DoD, NASA, and the
Department of Energy; not just defense.
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