Topical drug application often relies on the well-established models of drug absorption and distribution in tissues. While optical methods are good in probing first several hundred micrometers of tissues, deeper penetration is challenging. Diffusional optical imaging and photoacoustic imaging can extend the imaging depth, but both of those methods rely on incoherent light scattering and absorption, thus limiting application of coherent optical techniques. One of the modern trends is to use beam-shaping optics to pre-compensate for wavefront’s distortions; however, this approach is the most efficient for low scattering medium and for systems where “guiding star” is available or can be easily introduced into the system. We have recently discovered a minimally invasive approach, which allows substantial penetration depth enhancement and, as we discovered recently, coherent light propagation for distances exceeding tens and hundreds of scattering lengths of the tissue [1].
1. . J. V. Thompson, B. H. Hokr, W. Kim, C. W. Ballmann, B. Applegate, J. Jo, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, M. O. Scully, and V. V. Yakovlev, “Enhanced coupling of light into a turbid medium through microscopic interface engineering,” Proceedings National Academy of Sciences USA (2017) doi: 10.1073/pnas.1705612114.
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