In the presented work, we investigated the optical and thermal stability of upconversion nanoparticles based on the three widely used matrices (NaYF4, Y2O3, LaF3). Analysis of the upconversion emission as a function of pump power density in a wide range revealed a multi-stage functional dependence. The stages of linear growing, saturation and degradation with both reversible and irreversible characters were discovered. For matrices of nanoparticles with low-temperature stability (NaYF4), the dependence proves to be irreversible that could cause by a change in the structure and chemical composition of the matrix. Reversible dependence occurs in matrices with high-temperature stability (Y2O3 and LaF3) and is caused by multiphonon nonradiative relaxation, which can be temperature-stimulated because of self-heating and low air-cooling of the crystal matrixes with low thermal conductivity.
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