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Small-molecule based organic devices continue to demonstrate the highest mobilities of any organic materials, making them the evident choice for better performing organic devices. Here we study a range of binary charge-transfer crystals where a fraction of electronic charge is transferred from the donor molecule to the acceptor molecule. Due to significant electron-phonon coupling, the vibrational motion in these materials has a strong impact on the electronic characteristics. To quantify this polaronic effect, we have completed the measurements of resonance Raman and absorption spectra of the charge-transfer excitations and performed quantum-chemical calculations on a range of binary organic crystals with the same acceptor and a range of donor molecules. Comparison of the reorganization energies of intermolecular vs intramolecular phonons in these materials helps us understand the relative contribution of the two major electron-phonon coupling mechanisms: local vs non-local. We find that small variations in the donor molecule and thereby the resultant crystal structure can have a large impact on the predominant electron-phonon coupling mechanism. Understanding the reasons for these variations is important in selecting and designing materials with suitable characteristics for the next generation of electronic devices.
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