This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 11146 including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.

Currently, fiber-optic communication becomes increasingly important in the industry. However, to ensure high data rates it is crucial to overcome the negative effects of material dispersion caused by the dependence of the phase velocity of a wave on its frequency. Phase dispersion in optics causes the spatial separation of a light pulse into components with different group delay. In our studies we applied an approach that allowed to model the propagation of an optical pulse throughout the fiber by an equivalent linear system with frequency dispersion and its associated frequency and impulse responses. Paper presents the findings of the research into the effect of changing dispersion parameters on optical pulse distortions by increasing the length of the fiber with the third-order and the second-order material dispersion.

In paper discusses available realization of long-haul DWDM systems with ultra broadband optical amplifiers. Evaluated hybrid schemes with the EDFA and Raman amplifiers.

Apodization of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a smooth change in the modulation amplitude and alignment of the average value of the induced refractive index along the FBG. Apodization helps to reduce the lateral peaks that are present in the spectra of homogeneous fiber Bragg gratings. In this paper different apodization functions are considered and efficiency comparison of these functions is given.

A method of improving the performance of non-binary redundant code decoders in a coherent network system using forward error correction is considered. It is proposed to use permutation decoding which in contrast to the known methods of processing error-correcting codes has a number of deterministic parameters. Such parameters in the procedure of decoding code vectors can be determined in advance and included in the cognitive map of the decoder. The using of cognitive map data dramatically reduces the amount of matrix calculations in the permutation decoding of system, which contributes to the performance of the decoder. This contributes to the harmonization of high-speed data flow to the input of the decoder of the optical system on the physical level with relatively limited processing capabilities of the processors on the data link layer. The methods of reducing the memory size of the cognitive map of such decoder and fast search of reference matrices of equivalent codes through the use of lexicographic navigation are considered.

Multiview 3D display system consisting of mobile phone screen and optical screen consisting of microlens array film is designed. 3D image files are created and images are demonstrated based on different smartphones with high resolution displays.

In this article the propagation of soliton-like vortexes in the optical segment of Radio-over-Fiber system is considered. The approach is based on solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NSE) for Kerr-type nonlinear medium. A numerical NSE solution for vortex solitons was obtained; simulation of the soliton-like vortexes propagation over an optical fiber was performed. Moreover, a phase-amplitude filter forming optical signals with a set orbital angular momentum state and polarization conserving during propagation through an optical fiber was simulated. The calculation of amplitude-phase filter was conducted based on spinor representation of Maxwell’s equations.

The paper presents the simulation results for the long-haul two-mode fiber-optic link with managing of differential mode delay. Two compensation schemes were considered (by using mode crossing and by using delay lines). The options for using the inclusion of units for differential mode delay compensation in linear optical amplifiers in the case of compensation of chromatic dispersion only at the reception at the far end of the link and in the case of compensation of chromatic dispersion on linear optical amplifiers were considered. Also, the option of differential mode delay compensation on dense maps was considered when compensation units are set in closures of cable line on the amplifier section.

In this study, we propose investigate of pulses in a waveguide with a three-dimensional diffraction grating with a subwavelength period. We varied the diffraction grating period. The diffraction patterns of vortex fields formed in the near zone of a diffraction grating in optical fiber were obtained numerically using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method.

The paper presents the results of statistical simulation (SS) of multi-element aperture random antenna (ARA) by triadcluster method (TCM). The problem is formulated in a general form and the described method is valid for all electromagnetic phenomena, including the optical range. As the wavelength decreases, the correctness of the proposed approach increases. The base element of ARA is a triadic elementary radiator (TER), which consist of orthogonal electric and magnetic radiators. The components of TER are excited by random in amplitude, phase and direction electric and magnetic currents. Histograms of levels of electric and magnetic field strength at frequencies from 1 KHz to 10 GHz are presented. Comparative analysis to study effect of wave fields’ combinatorics, which creates by components of TER and phase errors, on SS results was made. The case of joint impact of the combinatorics, amplitude and phase errors on TCM model of ARA is considered.

In this paper we study statistical properties of nonlinear impairments enhancement due to linear mode coupling in few mode optical fibers. Previously we have shown that strong linear mode coupling leads to the enlargement of nonlinear distortions, but in the case of the weak linear mode coupling this phenomenon shows itself in the stochastic manner. Therefore we use simulations based on numerical solving of the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations to plot distribution histograms of the difference between rms of nonlinear impairments in the case of presence and in the case of absence of the weak linear mode coupling for different mean lengths of coupling fiber sections, different values of signal power, and modulation formats. Presented results show that distribution plotted for the fundamental mode has higher dispersion than the same one for the first- or second-order modes. In mode division multiplexed systems it means that channel using fundamental mode as a carrier is more affected to nonlinear impairments enhancement than mode channels of higher orders. Nonlinear impairments may sufficiently decrease the effectiveness of linear coupling compensation for all the mode channels.

In this paper we propose novel modulation technique based of quaternion signals aimed at incrising the capacity of Radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems based on OFDM technology. The application of hypercomplex quaternion signals processing has already demonstrated many advantages over the conventional analytical signals. The mathematical and simulation models of the quaternion QPSK modulator and demodulator are presented. Next, the improved scheme for OFDM RoF system is provided taking into account the quaternion signal processing. Simulation and evaluation of the proposed models were carried out by transmitting the QQPSK signal over the RoF system with AWGN wireless channel. The obtained BER vs SNR results for proposed modulation technique were compared to conventional QPSK providing double channel capacity with a little degradation of the noise immunity for QQPSK technique.

In this paper proposed a model for optical networks based on Network Calculus. All optical devices, such as drivers, modulators, multiplexers, waveguides, switches, detectors, amplifiers, etc. can be modeled as Latency-Rate service curves, and the system-level service curve can be derived from the concatenation theorem. By applying the basic theorems of Network Calculus, we can get received the end-to-end latency, which can be used as a guideline for design and optimization of optical networks.

Diffraction of light in heterogeneous medium with non-uniform spatial distribution of dielectric nanoparticles taking into account absorption of light is investigated. Influence of dimensional (geometric) effects of nanoparticles on the reflection and transmission curves is shown. In particular, by changing the concentration of dielectric nanoparticles in the medium, complete elimination of side oscillations and suppression of the "tails" of the diffraction reflection curve is achieved. The possibility of controlling the hardware function of acousto-optic devices by changing the material, concentration, size, shape and spatial orientation of the inclusions, as well as the polarization of the incident radiation is shown.

A new approach is proposed to implement diffractive optical elements (DOEs) for the conversion of the polarization state of beams. The fabricated four-sector polarization converter is experimentally investigated. The orthogonal polarization state of beams in opposite sectors is achieved by selecting a wavelength with a tunable laser. The experimental results of focusing the converted beams are presented.

This article devoted to an analytical review and detailed analysis of the current state in the field of a formalized description of the physical processes of excitation of the polariton field. The processes of resonant electron-photon interaction in various metal-dielectric structures (including planar) are studied. An approach to modeling the properties of contacting materials leading to the appearance of a surface polariton field has been developed. The process of obtaining the radio frequency spectra of the polariton field is analyzed. A detailed review of metal-dielectric structures and schemes suitable for use in plasmon structures has been performed. The recommended structures for obtaining the radio frequency spectra (of the millimeter and submillimeter ranges) of the plasmon field are determined.

In this article we have considered the situation when a conical wave illuminates an astigmatic lens. Since the task to be solved is to estimate the degree of astigmatism, it is not necessary to determine the total amplitude distribution, it is sufficient to obtain an analytical expression for the field amplitude on the optical axis. On its basis, the boundaries of the shadow region, the number of zeros of intensity and their positions are calculated. The astigmatic coefficient was calculated based on the positions of zeros were found in numerical modeling. The obtained value is quite consistent with the given a priori, which proves the practical applicability of the proposed method.

The article is devoted to a theoretical study aimed at establishing patterns resonant electron-photon interaction in a sitall nanomaterial. Designed by analytical model of electron-photon interaction(collaboration) for linear and nonlinear regime capacities for the specified material. Developed recommendations on the choice of basic parameters material relevant to their use in plasmon systems to obtain radio frequency spectra in an excited polariton field. An approach is proposed to study the nonlinear process dual-frequency interaction of optical radiation beams with the generation of difference frequencies and excitation of radio frequency surface waves in a planar metal-dielectric structure with crystalline sitall substrate.

Influence of incident light beam coherence on the uniformity in the intensity distribution of diffracted beam by microlens array is investigated. Optical efficiency is calculated for different polarizations. It is shown that the intensity profile and radiation pattern of LED source beam diffracted by periodic micro-lens array are highly uniform and insensitive to the wavelength of incident beam. The spreading angle and output efficiency of the diffracted beam is more sensitive to the aspect ratio of microlens array (MLA). The bigger aspect ratio the higher spreading angle and lower the output efficiency. For a given spreading angle the aspect ratio can be decreased substantially if high-index material is used. Significant influence of wave-front curvature and polarization of incident beam on the reflectance and transmittance is shown.

We propose a novel approach to calculating light field distributions within geometric optics. A new integral operator to calculate the intensity distribution within geometric optics is described. Using the proposed technique, intensity distributions from earlier studied beams are derived. Singular points of the distributions are found and near-caustic intensity patterns are derived. Based on the proposed approach, caustics generated by radially symmetric harmonic diffractive elements are calculated.

The paper considers the model of representation of images using the energy characteristics of the wavelet transform. It describes an approach to the detection of edges on images based on the energy features of the wavelet transform. This approach is a modification of the Canny edge detector. It can be applied to the construction of effective information processing and control systems based on computer vision technologies.

This article presents a theoretical calculation of a radio photon mixer using the methods of spectral analysis of signals and the results of an experimental study of the spectral composition of optical signals in a radio photon mixer. An experimental setup is presented, which consists of an optical source, two Mach-Zander modulators, an optical spectrum analyzer and auxiliary equipment for setting bias voltages and generating microwave signals. Expressions are obtained for determining the amplitude coefficients of the harmonic components in the spectrum of the signal of a radiophoton mixer at the output of the second electro-optical modulator. As a result of the experimental study, the amplitudes of the combination components in the optical spectrum at the output of the investigated mixer were determined.

Vortex light beams are used to compact data channels because they have orbital angular moments with an infinite number of possible quantum states. This allows the transmission of optical information in a single physical medium by encoding the data by different optical vortices. The aim of the paper is to modeling and analysis the state of orbital angular momentum of laser beams during propagation through free space and parabolic fiber in the presence of random fluctuations of the optical medium. The modeling results for Laguerre-Gauss beams showed that after the beams distortion by random noise, they self-regenerate with further propagation in an undisturbed medium, and it is possible to determine the initial state of the orbital angular momentum of the beam by means of binarization of the field expansion coefficients in angular harmonics.

Multiview 3D display system consisting of four full HD projectors and optical screen consisting of microlens array film is designed. Matlab codes for integration of 2D images captured at different angles into one common 3D file are created and 3D images are demonstrated.

This paper describes synthesis, characteristics and experimental observation a new nonlinear optical characteristics new azopolymer based on poly-n-epoxypropyl carbazole (PEPC) and Disperse Orange 3 under the influence of a highintensity laser beam. The regularities in the formation of surface microstructures by the action of a focused Gaussian beam on the film of the synthesized polymer are shown. The dependence of the formation of the microstructure with increasing beam power density is studied. Nonlinear topographic effects arising in the formation of microstructures by beams with linear and circular polarization are described. The anisotropic nanoscale polymer movements were demonstrated for linearly polarized laser beam irradiation.

This paper presents the results of a theoretical study of a fiber-optic delay line with an electro-optical modulator. On the basis of this line, radio-photon generators and frequency converters of microwave signals are performed. The results of experimental studies of such radio-photon devices are also given in this paper.

A new approach to an optical vector analyzer (OVA) realization based on double-side modulation with a suppressed carrier and formation of a reference frequency, different from it, in a fiber Bragg grating with a phase shift is considered. This realization is distinguished by an extended range and high resolution of measurements, which is shown both theoretically and experimentally.

A new approach is proposed to implement phase contrast Zernike filter with dynamic transparent for phase objects visualization. We investigated the effect of the radius size of the filter at the low and high phase distribution of objects in the input plane to the spatial intensity distribution. A significant increase in contrast is shown when using the proposed dynamic filter. The experimental results of the dynamic phase-contrast filter Zernike are consistent with the numerical simulation.

Splitting of the incident laser beam into multiple beams (spots) is investigated. Evolution of a beam intensity profile with distance is analyzed. It is shown that the angular separation of spots is higher for microlenses with larger number of microlenses per inch or less diameter of the raster. Experimental observations are in good agreement with the calculation results.

The detailed examination of the images sometimes is strongly disturbed by the presence of speckle. The speckle reduces contrast and makes difficult the interpretation of the images. Quantitative interpretation of the data received from optical coherence tomography e.g. often hinges on accurate knowledge of the statistical behavior of the speckle. Here proposed the use of the copula concept to describe their joint behavior.

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) have a significant influence on the development of optical telecommunication technology. Theoretical studies of laser beam parameters formed by DOE were conducted. For the experimental research, a CO₂-laser was used. Conducted researches made it possible to justify the expediency of using a movable DOE, which is a zone mirror, to realize of optical systems with components that allow changing the shape of the laser beam and beam intensity distribution over time.

We report on the creation and use of a unique object of scientific infrastructure – a technological line designed to create and study diffractive optical elements (DOEs). The technological line is a key element of the Center for Collective Use of Equipment "Diffractive Optics and Nanophotonics", created by joint efforts of scientists of Samara University and the Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The line includes both the purchased equipment and software, and unique in-house developments. The line covers all stages of DOE creation: from calculation and modeling to experimental research, including development and testing of DOE-based devices.

In this paper is presented the analytical formula for calculating the coupling coefficient between a modes of arbitrary radial and azimuthal orders on the joint of optical fibers when the joint has an angular mismatched. The solution is obtained by a known method of Gauss approximation. As an example, the present work shows the calculations results of dependencies of mode coupling coefficients from angular mismatch for some low order modes.

The use of multi-aperture cameras is one of the modern trends for imaging devices, both consumer-grade and professional. This paper presents the creation of multi-aperture cameras based on long-focus single diffraction lenses. These lenses are several times better than the common lenses in terms of weight and cost, but they are significantly inferior in quality of the resulting image, and therefore they require computational reconstruction stage. We introduce various schemes of multi-aperture diffraction lenses, allowing to increase both the viewing angle and the resolution of the imaging system. We propose a convolutional neural network for image reconstruction in multi-aperture diffraction optical systems.

In this paper coupling of linearly polarized (LP) modes (forming an orthogonal basis of mode division multiplexing systems, MDM) caused by fiber cracks and cleavages is considered. Fiber cracks as well as bends and curves are unavoidable deformations and defects appearing during fiber exploitation. The physical origin of these cracks may vary: from technological flaws to exploitation factors including different stresses, temperature deviations, curves, longitudinal tension, pressure etc. The most common effect that cracks provide to classical multiplexed signals (WDM, FDM) is additional losses and reflection which can be measured by conventional reflectometer but it can be shown that any crack is itself also an additional transversal refraction index perturbation leading to the mode coupling and therefore to excitation of spurious modes. Consequently, in terms of MDM systems mode coupling becomes one of the important factors limiting MDM systems performance, so investigation of non-avoidable factors influence is a significant task: this aspect is a key factor of MDM systems implementation. Coupling of LP modes due propagation through fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) is also considered. FBG are widely used in a lot of telecom applications including PONs, AONs, DWDM systems, etc., so investigation of FBG influence on mode coupling is significant due to commercialization and establishment of MDM-systems.

In this paper is presented the analytical formula for calculating the coupling coefficient between a modes of arbitrary radial and azimuthal orders on the joint of optical fibers when the joint has an axial mismatched. The solution is obtained by a known method of Gauss approximation. As an example, the present work shows the calculations results of dependencies of mode coupling coefficients from ratio of radii of mode spot for some low order modes.

This work presents some results of experimental approbation of method for writing of cascaded precision microstructured defects, like "tapers" and "up-tapers", in various configurations and sequences in silica multimode graded index optical fibers by commercially available field fusion splicer with modified software settings. Here we utilized earlier on developed technique for micro-defect geometry parameters estimation via analysis of photo-image, performed after defect writing and displayed on fusion splicer screen, to estimate the least available distance between couples of the “up-tapers” and “tapers” without optical fiber structure deformation. Also, some results of insertion loss measurements for various configuration of 3-element cascaded microstrucured defects are presented.

This work presents results of design of precision spatial positioning scheme for mode division multiplexing (MDM) system channels over the core end of multimode optical fiber (MMF) with extremely enlarged core diameter up to 100 μm. Proposed solution is based on so-called “mode field matching centralized launching” technique that provides reducing differential mode delay (DMD) by equalization of launched and excited fundamental mode field radiuses (MFR). Unlike to known solution, it is proposed to localize the combination of injected MFR and precision radial offset launching conditions that would provide transmission almost total injected MDM mode channel power to only the one particular excited fiber mode with the same azimuthal order. Recently proposed method for design of described MDM-multiplexer channel spatial positioning scheme is based on combination of well known overlap integral method and earlier on developed Gaussian approximation modification, generalized for analysis of silica weakly guiding optical fibers with one outer solid cladding and arbitrary axially-symmetric refractive index profile. The last one provides a passage to analytical expressions for any order mode coupling coefficients, under taking into account inserted precision radial misalignment. This work is concerned with research of silica 100-μm-core MMF with refractive index profile corresponding to graded index profile of typical real commercially available MMFs of ISO/IEC Cat. OM2+/OM3, scaled up to 100-μm-core that differs by smoothed form and does not contain any strong distortions or defects. The paper presents results of computation of 7-mode and 5-mode MDM multiplexer channel spatial positioning scheme over described above 100-μm-core MMF by taking into account only selected mode excitation under elimination of “unwanted” modes with great DMD, detected by analysis of mode staff DMD diagram.

We propose a method for calculating the trajectories of charges particles in a high-voltage gas discharge in nitrogen at a pressure of 0.15 Torr existing in a nonuniform electrostatic field and the strength of this field. The main effect determining the kinetics of charged particles consists in a sharp decrease in the strength of the field under consideration outside the interelectrode space, which allows a free motion of charges with specific energies and trajectories to be generated in it.

This work presents some results of earlier on performed optimization of refractive index profile for 42 μm core 16-LPmode optical fiber for next-generation optical networks. Here special profile form provides total differential mode delay (DMD) reducing over all the mode staff under desired enhanced mode effective area. We propose method for simulation of "real manufactured" few-mode optical fiber (FMF) core geometry, differing from desired optimized structure by core asymmetrical ellipticity and refractive index profile deviation, including local fluctuations. Some results of following analysis of considered optimized FMF with inserted geometry distortions, performed by earlier on developed modification of rigorous mixed finite-element method showed strong DMD degradation that requires additional higher-order mode management. Therefore this work also presents results of design of mode division multiplexer channel precision spatial positioning scheme at FMF core end that provides one of the potentiality solution of described DMD degradation problem concerned with "distorted" core geometry due to features of optical fiber manufacturing techniques.

This work is concerned with experimental research of laser beam profile dependence on micro-lensed optical fiber configuration. We considered prepared lensed and tapered cone optical fiber samples and tested them on developed experimental setup to analyze laser beam profile from the output of the lensed optical fiber end. Some comparison results of detected spatial distribution patterns of laser source emission from the end of cleaved and lensed optical fiber ends are presented.

This article describes an approximate analytical solution for the LP₀₁ and LP₁₁ modes in a step-index optical fiber with Kerr nonlinearity provided that only two these modes propagate in the fiber. A well-known Gauss approximation method was used to obtain a system of characteristic equations and expressions for propagation constants of the above modes under the conditions considered. Using the obtained formulas, there were calculated the spectral dependences of the LP₀₁ and LP₁₁ modes propagation constants for the sample of a step optical fiber.

In this paper we present advanced modulation and coding techniques for telecommunication systems based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and Radio-over-fiber technologies operating in the subteraherz frequency range 75-110 GHz (W-band). The scheme for the Radio-over-fiber communication system based on full-optical frequency upconversion, and detailed description of the W-band wireless channel are presented. As a result, the main factors affecting the quality of the transmitted radio signal are identified, against which the developed modulation formats are aimed. Improving the efficiency of the Radio-over-fiber system is achieved in two stages: by reducing the interchannel interference due to the windowing of received signal, and reducing the peak-to-average power ratio by precoding the subcarrier frequencies of the group spectrum; by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio when using constellation rotation technique. Obtained simulation results showed that application of the proposed advanced modulation and precoding techniques in Radio-over-fiber systems provides the improvement of energy efficiency and noise immunity.

In this article the simple fast algorithm for restoring the differential mode delay map by results of measured pulse responses at the far end of a multimode optical link is considered. This algorithm is based on application of the leastsquare method and steepest descent method. The estimation of adequacy of the offered method, which give an idea of its workability in scheduling problems of capabilities of using the fibers of given type with a specific light source on multigigabit data transmission networks, is carried out.

Nowadays the multi-layer computed tomography (CT) shots with contrast dye used for detection of small pathological growths regions are widely spread in medical clinics. Although, CT study with contrast dye use has contraindications and is much more expensive for patients than study without use of dye. This article proposes the algorithm based on segmentation of three-dimensional signal received from CT (without dye use). The algorithm allows to identify a pathological growths automatically and to detect studying object regions with the help of 3D graph model based on received data. Algorithm also evaluates parameters of small objects and sinuses, which occupy only small part of initial CT layers, with high accuracy.

The article describes the method of error-correcting coding based on the holographic representation of the digital signal. The coding process of a code message is a mathematical modeling of a hologram generated in virtual space by a wave from an input source. It is shown that the holographic representation of the signal has significantly greater noise immunity and allows you to restore the original digital combination when the majority of the code message is lost and when the encoded signal is distorted by noise that exceeds the signal level several times. The achieved level of noise immunity is determined by the level of redundancy. For example, with a redundancy factor of q=32, error-free decoding of the signal occurs when a 70% of the signal is lost, while with a redundancy factor of q=512, the loss of the signal can reach 90%.

In this paper we propose to evaluate the possibility of applying the method known as differential transformation of signals to reduce the dynamic range of optical signals for mitigation of impairments caused by Kerr-nonlinearities. The essence of this method is as follows. The channel signal is the difference between the original signal and its extrapolated values. We have simulated nonlinear propagation of proposed signal and original signal to define nonlinear impairments reduction due to signal compression. Presented results show that differential transformation of signal allows to sufficiently mitigate envelope distortions caused by self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation.

This article has been described some features of processing multidimensional optical signals for measurement solid deforming. The object shape is measured by optical triangulation scanner. The solid deforming is defined by compare measured profile and underwear profile of aim object. The developing algorithm for profiles comparison has been shown in this research. It consists by two stages. The first stage is splitting set of measuring point’s profile on subset. The subset is certain part of object, such as straight line and circular arc. The second stage is superposition part of objects and corresponding line’s equation. The sample of superposition measured rail profile and underwear rail profile, compassion with existing method of solid deforming has been shown in conclusion.

In this paper a new approach to the analysis of wave processes in non-linear Kerr-type media is introduced. The approach is based on the Dirac-type spinor nonlinear wave equation, which is a consequence of the Maxwell equations. The advantage of the approach is the possibility of detailed analyzing the phenomena associated with the information transfer using vortexes based on unitary transformations.

The work presents a concept of microwave-photonic sensor system (MWPSS) for real-time measurement of vehicle tire strain. The proposed MWPSS is based on the addressed fiber Bragg structures (AFBS) with two symmetrical π-phase shifts (2π-FBG). The system utilizes two similar 2π-FBGs with equal bandwidths, the same central Bragg wavelength, and unique address frequency spacing, thus realizing the microwave-photonic measurement methods and providing their address. One of the 2π-FBGs serves for strain measurement, and the second one takes into account the effects of temperature variation. Address frequency analysis of the multiplicative optical response allows to define the central Bragg frequency shift of each sensor and to correlate it with the value of the influencing physical fields (strain and temperature). These values are the input parameters for the estimation system of tire-road contact characteristics and vehicle dynamics control.

This article proposes a monitoring system for monitoring the tension of air fiber optic links based on Bragg gratings. The use of Bragg gratings in fiber-optic communication systems and in sensors of physical quantities with the inclusion of similar FBGs combined into a group is considered. A mathematical model for calculating the stretch sensor based on FBG and simulation of the sensor in the OptiSystem program are given. And also describes the principle of operation of the proposed monitoring system. The relevance of such systems increases with the introduction of new information transmission technologies via fiber-optic communication lines. In particular, this task arose when discussing the introduction of systems that use electromagnetic waves carrying angular momentum.

During installation of aerial optical fiber cables in regions with low temperatures the critical bends at the outlet from port of the closure are occures. Bending radiuses define the loads of an optical cable at installation of optical closures. In this paper influences of external factors (change of bending radius of an optical cable at the outlet from the closure port and residual deformations of a jacket) on quality of aerial optical cables installation at low temperatures are considered.

In the present work, we attempt to predict the lifetime of the cable, taking into account the random nature of the effects on the optical fiber during cable production. In the analysis, we considered only impacts during cable production and, accordingly, were limited to the prediction of cable lifetime after acceptance and delivery of the product at the manufacturer’s warehouse.

This article provides a variation of measuring the temperature distribution along a fiber-optic communication line. It is shown that by measuring the temperature it is possible to localize the places of possible cable damage due to freezing of the soil. This decision allows you to make a decision on the need for excavation work without allowing the breakage of optical fibers. Also this solution is useful when operating communication systems that are sensitive to mechanical stresses in an optical fiber (for example, when transmitting vortexes).

The article discusses a possibility of using fiber-optic sensors based on addressed fiber Bragg structures (AFBS) to assess tire dynamics in real operating conditions. The presented study is motivated by the fact that vehicle dynamics control systems require reliable and cost-efficient sensors for measuring forces acting in the tire contact patch. In this regard, a description of the new technology of multi-sensor measurements for continuous monitoring of tire state is presented. The experimental sensor prototypes use AFBSs with two identical ultra-narrow-band reflection spectra (2λ-FBG). Information from the sensors is implemented as input parameters of algorithms, which allow to estimate key tire-related characteristics, such as pressure in the contact patch, instantaneous angular velocity and effective wheel radius. One of advantages of this technology as compared to analogous devices is the use of an optical photodetector as an interrogator that greatly simplifies the system.

The article is about gas air stream modeling at a nozzle cross section of a turbomachine for steady and unsteady operating mode, the mathematical model is assigned, which describes acoustic processes in a turbomachine flow path and the ways of their improvement. The principles of aero-acoustic cartography complex systems creation are defined by means of acouto-electronic and they are accompanied by methods and means of gas dynamic stream parameter measurement in the flow path and at nozzle cross section of a turbomachine. The principles described make the control more informative and ease the algorithm creation for nondestructive method of rotor blade condition monitoring. Altogether it provides reliable data in conditions of gas air stream parametric and structural uncertainty both in controlled inside section of the flow path and in outlet section at a turbomachine cut. The tasks of monitoring point placement and the tasks of a field spatial distribution reconstruction are reviewed according to measurements in a discrete set of points separately. In complex approach the turbomachine acoustic field reconstruction is realized according to measurement data of optical fiber sensor outlet using the statistical approach only. The field reconstruction in 1D, 2D and 3D formats is presented as continuous functions of spatial coordinates according to measurements in a discrete set of points where a priori information about the field features is available.

In this paper the analysis of exceed fiber length distribution in loose tube cable and its relation with mechanical stress was carried out. The polarization reflectometry method for estimation of exceed fiber length distribution along cable during manufacturing and maintenance was proposed. The method of measurement local birefringence using polarization optical time domain reflectometer with three stage polarization controller was proposed. Results of computer stimulation are represented.

New approaches are presented to the process of measuring the chromatic dispersion of a high-speed communication channel based on the classical method for determining the ratio of the radio frequency signal power. The power ratio is recorded at the output of two identical photodetectors, one of which is equipped with a Bragg notch filter at the carrier frequency. New approaches are based on preliminary amplitude modulation of an optical carrier with a radio clock signal frequency with the formation of an additional two-, three or four-frequency radiations to determine the shift between the central wavelengths of the communication channel and the Bragg notch filter, and also the use of methods to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements. The registration of information at the probing frequency or doubled probing frequency allows obtaining a gain in the signal-to-noise ratio of measurements up to 10-13 dB and performing chromatic dispersion measurements at a signal-to-noise ratio at a clock frequency of 3-5 dB. The penalty for using additional probing frequencies is up to 1 dB.

This work presents an alternative method implemented in software procedure for automated localization of fiber optic connector contaminated ferrule end face image artifacts. Here the main problem is concerned with detection and removing the aureoles of core/cladding and cladding/ferrule boundaries without impact on pixels of contamination particles. We considered typical end face images measured by commercially available fiber optic video probe kit containing video microscope and software, which provides ferrule end-face quality inspection "PASS/FAIL" according to ratified standard IEC 61300-3-35 that is a global common set of quality requirements for the surface of ferrule fiber optic connectors. After removing artifacts, modified image may be utilized for the following estimation of the predicted value of insertion loss. We also present some results of proposed procedure approbation for various order contaminated ferrule end face images.

In this paper the polarization characteristic are investigated. The mathematical model was developed and computer simulation was carried out. The results of experimental investigation of the Brillouin backscattered light are represented. Measurements were made using polarization analyzer based on three stage polarization controller. The measurement algorithm represented.

In this paper computer simulation and experimental investigation of the vibration influence on the single-mode optical fiber polarization characteristics was carried out. Measurements were made using a standard optical reflectometer and an external module providing sensitivity to polarization. Based on the obtained data, a measurement algorithm with polarization controller was determined and the method for analyzing the polarization reflectograms was proposed. The possibility of detection and localization of multiple fiber segments under vibration action was demonstrated.

This work presents results of absolute error estimation performed for non-reflective optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) event localization during wavelet analysis of optical fiber link trace by continuous Haar wavelet transform. We considered fusion splices of standard singlemode optical fibers with different insertion loss values. Here OTDR indications varied over range 0.020…0.550 dB, while Haar wavelet scaling coefficients were selected from 150 up to 3000. Following comparison of measured and evaluated results allowed for proposition the basic criterion for non-reflective OTDR event localization by wavelet analysis. It is “the center” of this event, and it is characterized by strongly reduced absolute error. During the next step of research, we compared diagrams of event localization error distribution and detected generalized Haar wavelet scaling coefficients that provide mentioned absolute error no more 2 m, which are also presented in this work.

We proposed recently a new «Smart Grids Plus» concept for digital energy grids design. These grids, in addition to layers of intelligent energy grids and information communication channels, include a layer of diagnostic monitoring based on a passive fiber optic sensor networks. Sensor networks have a hybrid TWDM structure – information exchange channels and integrated fiber optical sensors – core, based on a new technology for address interrogation and multiplexing – special addressable fiber Bragg gratings, combined for arbitrary topologies - point and quasi-distributed. Some examples of diagnostic monitoring nets for temperature control of complete switchgear contacts (point) and bus bars (quasi-distributed) are considered. Their principles of operation are discussed. The main advantages of these sensor networks are using of addressable fiber Bragg gratings simultaneously as sensors and multiplexing elements, and using of PON structure simultaneously as sensor and communication networks.

The article discusses the features of psychological and pedagogical support of the formation of professional competencies that ensure the competitiveness of future telecommunications specialists. Stages and content of the program of psychological and pedagogical support for the preparation of bachelors in “Infocommunication Technologies and Communication Systems” specialty direction were studied. The system of integrated assessment of future professional competencies is presented. A modern psychological and pedagogical technique for the formation of professional competencies of future specialists on the basis of trainings is proposed.