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The electrical activity of neurons is invariably accompanied by a flux of ions and the motion of the cell membrane. This leads to subtle changes in the refractive index and birefringence of the sample. We present Superfast Polarization-sensitive Off-axis Full-field Optical Coherence Microscopy (SPoOF OCM), a novel setup to capture these variations. Using two orthogonal spatial modulations for each polarization state and a high-speed camera that can operate at up to 4000 Hz, we demonstrate the ability of our setup to observe label-free electrical activity in both the short (1-10 ms) and long (50-500 ms) term.
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Rishyashring R. Iyer, Yuan-Zhi Liu, Carlos Renteria, Mantas Žurauskas, Stephen A. Boppart, "Superfast polarization-sensitive off-axis full-field optical coherence microscopy for label-free imaging of neural activity," Proc. SPIE 11630, Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV, 1163006 (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2583679