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The wavelength of the detection laser usually used for the target location is different from that of the chief emission laser, so the pointing accuracy is reduced due to the atmospheric dispersion effect. The same is true for the optical axis calibration, and the error can reach half the deflection angle difference. Therefore, to analyze the influence of chromatic dispersion of the horizontal atmosphere on optical axis calibration, laser pointing, tracking, and other related studies in the actual meteorological environment near the ground, based on the spherical stratified atmosphere model, we used the characteristics of the atmospheric refractive index formula changing with meteorological parameters to derive the theoretical formulas for calculating the deflection angle difference of the horizontal atmosphere and emphatically analyzed the diurnal variation of the deflection angle difference through the measuring meteorological parameters near the ground in this paper. The experimental results show that, due to the complex meteorological changes near the ground, the diurnal variation of the deflection angle difference between the center wavelength of 600 ππ near the red light and 400 ππ near the blue light, with the horizontal transmission distance of 1 km is β8 ~ 4 ππππ, which has a crucial influence on the high-precision optical axis calibration, laser aiming and tracking.
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