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Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) created through genetic engineering have dominated the headlines since their initial scientific discovery. Humanity continues to be in awe of how biotechnological progress can help ensure human survival, primarily through food security. However, GMOs' future benefits have rarely been enough to outweigh the ethical and socio-economic concerns. These elements were not previously thought to be equally significant. This study aims to identify possible methods to incorporate ethical considerations into the decision-making process of GM technology for the protection of farmers' rights and to present indicators to aid policymakers in assessing the ethical issues in GM technology. Indicators for the ethical tools of genetically modified (GM) crops that can protect the rights of Malaysian farmers were described in this study. General ethical principles can be seen in the reverence for life and the requirement to weigh benefits and harms. Therefore, a decision-making process must consider ethical issues and scientific evidence. The results of this study revealed that despite this, farmers' rights to a living and contractual justice had been ethically ignored. This is because ethical principles are typically descriptive and challenging to implement. Therefore, its ethical implications must be carefully considered to ensure that the use of GM crops technology does not violate the fundamental rights of farmers. Hence, additional research is needed to hone and broaden this framework to ensure sustainable modern biotechnology and the protection of farmers' rights. The study's output will be a legal framework to evaluate the ethical implications of GM crops in preserving farmers' rights. Government regulators and other pertinent stakeholders can use the recommendations.
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