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In recent years, with the push of the "South-to-North Water Transfer Middle Route project a continuous northward flow of clean water" project, more and more attention has been paid to the protection of water source area, and further studies have been conducted on landslide in the geological disasters in the blocked river basin. In order to identify the importance of landslide spatial form for scientific landslide control, this paper takes Taotaoya shear layer landslide as the research object. Based on the fine tracing investigation of landslide landform and surface landmark features, combined with the analysis methods of geomechanics, rock structure and microscopic composition, the spatial morphological characteristics such as landslide perimeter and slope Angle are studied. By using ABAQUS finite element numerical simulation, the landslide evolution process was restored and its development trend was analyzed and predicted. The results show that the landslide has the formation conditions of easy soft rock formation, soft structural plane (zone) along slope and occurrence of groundwater. The mechanical evolution mechanism can be summarized as strength softening, gravity dislocation and shear slip. ABAQUS finite element studies the distribution of stress, displacement and plastic region of the whole structure to further verify the accuracy of development trend and fill the blank of finite element numerical simulation. Compared with conventional research methods, the above research results are unique, providing new reference ideas for the study of the same type of rocky slope and theoretical basis for engineering management, guiding the disaster prevention and avoidance of similar construction projects, and reducing the investment of similar projects.
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