3D track initiation in clutter using 2D measurements

Lin Lin; Thiagalingam Kirubarajan; Yaakov Bar-Shalom

doi:10.1117/12.492763

26 November 2001 3D track initiation in clutter using 2D measurements

Lin Lin, Thiagalingam Kirubarajan, Yaakov Bar-Shalom

Proceedings Volume 4473, Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 2001; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.492763
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2001, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

In this paper we present an algorithm for initiating 3-D tracks using range and azimuth (bearing) measurements from a 2-D radar on a moving platform. The work is motivated by the need to track possibly low-flying targets, e.g., cruise missiles, using reports from an aircraft-based surveillance radar. Previous work on this problem considered simple linear motion in a flat earth coordinate frame. Our research extends this to a more realistic scenario where the earth’s curvature is also considered. The target is assumed to be moving along a great circle at a constant altitude. After the necessary coordinate transformations, the measurements are nonlinear functions of the target state and the observability of target altitude is severely limited. The observability, quantified by the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), is very sensitive to the sensor-to-target geometry. The paper presents a Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator for estimating the target motion parameters in the Earth Centered Earth Fixed coordinate frame from 2-D range and angle measurements. In order to handle the possibility of false measurements and missed detections, which was not considered in, we use the Probabilistic Data Association (PDA) algorithm to weight the detections in a frame. The PDA-based modified global likelihood is optimized using a numerical search. The accuracies obtained by the resulting ML-PDA estimator are quantified using the CRLB for different sensor-target configurations. It is shown that the proposed estimator is efficient, that is, it meets the CRLB. Of particular interest is the achievable accuracy for estimating the target altitude, which is not observed directly by the 2-D radar, but can be only inferred from the range and bearing observations.

Citation Download Citation

Lin Lin, Thiagalingam Kirubarajan, and Yaakov Bar-Shalom "3D track initiation in clutter using 2D measurements", Proc. SPIE 4473, Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 2001, (26 November 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.492763

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KEYWORDS

Sensors

Radar

3D metrology

Monte Carlo methods

Motion estimation

3D acquisition

Detection and tracking algorithms

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