Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a cancer treatment using a photosensitizer and visible light has been applied to treatment of blood cancer-leukemia. The effect of PDT may be modulated by the leukemia cell type; the photosensitizer's type, dose, dose rate changes; the incubation time; the light wavelength, dosage, dose rate change; the conjugation of photosensitizers to variety subcellular target: cell membrane, mitochondia, lipoprotein or liposome; the addition of chemotherapeutic agents et al. Many reports in the current literature are confusing and often apparently contradictory. In this article, we have attempted to conduct and present a comprehensive review of this rapidly expanding novel field in a range of photosensitizers. Cell types, photosensitizers, treatment conditions and mechanism of PDT are considered. Nonetheless, there is ample ground for optimism, and such knowledge as we already have should effectively underpin the clinical research that is ongoing.
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