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The central goal of our work is to combine semiconductor nanotechnology and surface functionalization in order to
build platforms for the selective detection of bio-organisms ranging in size from bacteria (micron range) down to
viruses, as well as for the detection of chemical agents (nanometer range). We will show on three porous silicon
platforms how pore geometry and pore wall chemistry can be combined and optimized to capture and detect specific
targets.
We developed a synthetic route allowing to directly anchor proteins on silicon surfaces and illustrated the relevance of
this technique by immobilizing live enzymes onto electrochemically etched luminescent nano-porous silicon. The
powerful association of the specific enzymes with the transducing matrix led to a selective hybrid platform for chemical
sensing.
We also used light-assisted electrochemistry to produce periodic arrays of through pores on pre-patterned silicon
membranes with controlled diameters ranging from many microns down to tens of nanometers. We demonstrated the
first covalently functionalized silicon membranes and illustrated their selective capture abilities with antibody-coated
micro-beads. These engineered membranes are extremely versatile and could be adapted to specifically recognize the
external fingerprints (size and coat composition) of target bio-organisms.
Finally, we fabricated locally functionalized single nanopores using a combination of focused ion beam drilling and ion
beam assisted oxide deposition. We showed how a silicon oxide ring can be grown around a single nanopore and how it
can be functionalized with DNA probes to detect single viral-sized beads. The next step for this platform is the detection
of whole viruses and bacteria.
S. E. Létant
"Functional nanostructured platforms for chemical and biological sensing", Proc. SPIE 6223, Micro (MEMS) and Nanotechnologies for Space Applications, 62230B (18 May 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.663771
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S. E. Létant, "Functional nanostructured platforms for chemical and biological sensing," Proc. SPIE 6223, Micro (MEMS) and Nanotechnologies for Space Applications, 62230B (18 May 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.663771