Defects detection and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques in paintings: a unified approach through measurements of deformation

S. Sfarra; C. Ibarra-Castanedo; D. Ambrosini; D. Paoletti; A. Bendada; X. Maldague

doi:10.1117/12.2019881

30 May 2013 Defects detection and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques in paintings: a unified approach through measurements of deformation

S. Sfarra, C. Ibarra-Castanedo, D. Ambrosini, D. Paoletti, A. Bendada, X. Maldague

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 8790, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology IV; 87900G (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2019881
Event: SPIE Optical Metrology 2013, 2013, Munich, Germany

Abstract

The present study is focused on two topics. The first one is a mathematical model, useful to understand the deformation of paintings, which uses straining devices, adjustable and micrometrically controlled via a pin supported in a hollow cylinder. Strains were analyzed by holographic interferometry (HI) technique using an appropriate frame. The second one concerns the need to improve the conservator’s knowledge about the defect’s detection and defect’s propagation in acrylic painting characterized of underdrawings and pentimenti. To fulfill this task, a sample was manufactured to clarify the several uncertainties inherent the influence of external factors on their conservation. Subsurface anomalies were also retrieved by near-infrared reflectography (NIRR) and transmittography (NIRT) techniques, using LED lamps and several narrow-band filters mounted on a CMOS camera, working at different wavelengths each other and in combination with UV imaging. In addition, a sponge glued on the rear side of the canvas was impregnated with a precise amount of water by means of a syringe to verify the “stretcher effect” by the digital speckle photography (DSP) technique (using MatPIV). The same effect also affects the sharp transition of the canvas at the stretcher’s edge. In this case, a possible mechanism is a direct mechanical contact between stretcher and canvas that was investigated by HI technique. Finally, advanced algorithms applied to the square heating thermography (SHT) data were very useful to detect three Mylar® inserts simulating different type of defects. These fabricated defects were also identified by optical techniques, while the visual inspection was the only one capable of detecting a biological damage.

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S. Sfarra, C. Ibarra-Castanedo, D. Ambrosini, D. Paoletti, A. Bendada, and X. Maldague "Defects detection and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques in paintings: a unified approach through measurements of deformation", Proc. SPIE 8790, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology IV, 87900G (30 May 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2019881

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