Phantom-less bone mineral density  (BMD) measurement using dual energy computed tomography-based 3-material decomposition

Philipp Hofmann; Martin Sedlmair; Bernhard Krauss; Julian L. Wichmann; Ralf W. Bauer; Thomas G. Flohr; Andreas H. Mahnken M.D.

doi:10.1117/12.2217413

24 March 2016 Phantom-less bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using dual energy computed tomography-based 3-material decomposition

Philipp Hofmann, Martin Sedlmair, Bernhard Krauss, Julian L. Wichmann, Ralf W. Bauer, Thomas G. Flohr, Andreas H. Mahnken M.D.

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9785, Medical Imaging 2016: Computer-Aided Diagnosis; 97853E (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2217413
Event: SPIE Medical Imaging, 2016, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease usually diagnosed at the manifestation of fragility fractures, which severely endanger the health of especially the elderly. To ensure timely therapeutic countermeasures, noninvasive and widely applicable diagnostic methods are required. Currently the primary quantifiable indicator for bone stability, bone mineral density (BMD), is obtained either by DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or qCT (quantitative CT). Both have respective advantages and disadvantages, with DEXA being considered as gold standard. For timely diagnosis of osteoporosis, another CT-based method is presented. A Dual Energy CT reconstruction workflow is being developed to evaluate BMD by evaluating lumbar spine (L1-L4) DE-CT images. The workflow is ROI-based and automated for practical use. A dual energy 3-material decomposition algorithm is used to differentiate bone from soft tissue and fat attenuation. The algorithm uses material attenuation coefficients on different beam energy levels. The bone fraction of the three different tissues is used to calculate the amount of hydroxylapatite in the trabecular bone of the corpus vertebrae inside a predefined ROI. Calibrations have been performed to obtain volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) without having to add a calibration phantom or to use special scan protocols or hardware. Accuracy and precision are dependent on image noise and comparable to qCT images. Clinical indications are in accordance with the DEXA gold standard. The decomposition-based workflow shows bone degradation effects normally not visible on standard CT images which would induce errors in normal qCT results.

Citation Download Citation

Philipp Hofmann, Martin Sedlmair, Bernhard Krauss, Julian L. Wichmann, Ralf W. Bauer, Thomas G. Flohr, and Andreas H. Mahnken M.D. "Phantom-less bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using dual energy computed tomography-based 3-material decomposition", Proc. SPIE 9785, Medical Imaging 2016: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, 97853E (24 March 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2217413

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available