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Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as promising room temperature quantum sensors for probing condensed matter phenomena ranging from spin liquids, 2D magnetic materials, and magnons to hydrodynamic flow of current. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the NV center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the photonic spin density. We demonstrate this probe both for the case of a single NV center and an ensemble of NV centers. The spinning field of light induces an effective static magnetic field in the spin qubit probe. We perform room-temperature sensing using Bloch sphere operations driven by a microwave field (XY8 protocol) to detect the photonic spin density induced effective static magnetic field.
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Farid Kalhor, Li-Ping Yang, Leif Bauer, Noah F. Opondo, Shoaib Mahmud, Sunil A. Bhave, Zubin Jacob, "Quantum sensing of photonic spin density using nitrogen-vacancy centers," Proc. SPIE PC12009, Quantum Sensing and Nano Electronics and Photonics XVIII, PC1200905 (5 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2609029