Nonlinear optical processes resulting from the interaction of light with matter have provided great opportunities in photonics technologies by enabling spectral control of light. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the linear and nonlinear optical response of monolayer hBN in the mid-infrared polaritonic region following time-domain and perturbative schemes, from which we conclude an extraordinarily large nonlinear response, which can be modulated by lateral electrical gating and presents an opportunity to achieve quantum blockade at the level of a few quanta. Our study reveals a range of potential applications that include harmonic generation, optical modulation, and quantum information in the mid-infrared range.
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