Among many applications quantum weak measurements have been shown to be important in exploring fundamental physics issues, such as the experimental violation of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation and the Hardy paradox, and have also technological implications in quantum optics, quantum metrology and quantum communications, where the precision of the measurement is as important as the precision of quantum state preparation. The theory of weak measurement can be formulated using the pre-and post-selected quantum systems, as well as using the weak measurement operator formalism. In this work, we study the quantum discord (QD) of quasi-Werner mixed states based on bipartite entangled coherent states using the weak measurements operator, instead of the projective measurement operators. We then compare the quantum discord for both kinds of measurement operators, in terms of the entanglement quality, the latter being measured using the concept of concurrence. It’s found greater quantum correlations using the weak measurement operators.
We present a proposal for an experiment in which birrefringence induced in a material is measured using weak quantum measurements. It is known that birrefringence can be induced in optical crystals, liquid crystal arrays and the so called photonic crystals by applying a DC field. The standard weak measurement analisys was applied to find the tolerance for the angular positioning of the polarizers used in the experiment.
Quantum discord measures the fraction of the pair-wise mutual information that is locally inaccessible in a multipartite system. Nonzero quantum discord has interesting and significant applications because although non-zero entanglement guarantees the existence of quantum correlation in a bipartite quantum system, zero entanglement does not guarantee the absence of a quantum correlation. On the other hand, many quantum optics systems can be described as deformed quantum oscillators. In this work, we investigate the quantum discord of bipartite entangled nonlinear coherent states, in the context of the so-called f-deformed coherent states algebra. To calculate the quantum discord, we consider quasi- Werner mixed states bases on bipartite entangled f-deformed coherent states. Two explicit analytic expressions are derived for the quantum discord of two different nonlinear deformed coherent states. The first one considers deformed coherent states obtained as eigenstates of the annihilation deformed operator, and the second one is obtained by using a deformed displacement operator. We compare the quantum discord of those states, when the nonlinear deformation function is either associated with the SU(1,1) coherent states in the Gilmore-Perelomov or Barut-Girardello representations, respectively.
Quantum teleportation has attracted much attention from both theorists and experimenters in the last decade. The emergence of new protocols and their actual implementation have even motivated the development of new quantum optical schemes. A key issue when teleporting a quantum state is establishing the quantum channel between sender and receiver stations, usually done by manipulating an auxiliary bipartite entangled state. The purpose of the present work is to study quantum teleportation processes in which that state is an entangled bipartite photon-added state, and the Adhikari et. al. continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol is applied. Photon-added states can be generated using different experimental techniques, such as parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear crystal, and conditioned parametric amplification. These states are relevant because they exhibit generalized non-classical features for all orders of creation and annihilation operators, and may even show phase squeezing and sub-Poissonian distribution statistics. We study, the dependence of the fidelity of the teleported states and their photon number statistic as a function of the higher-order squeezing, and the higher-order sub-Poissonian statistic.
We show how to study the fine and hyperfine structure spectral properties of an exciton in a semi-conductor quantum dot using the standard formalisms of quantum mechanics.
Starting from Maxwell's equations it is possible to define a tensor whose components represents the electric polarization and the magnetizacion of a given medium. Each component of this tensor is a bilinear form which is related to the basic quantum object constituent of the medium. The formalism is applied the case of EIT propagation.
We consider the propagation of a pulse light in a given medium and in the case of electro-magnetic induced transparency. It is showed that the propagation regime is superluminar or subluminar depending upon the difference between the Rabi frequency and the sum of the reciprocals of the lower states lifetimes in the so-called Lambda configuration scheme.
Here we report and discuss the strategy of using the study of present ultra-short laser pulses to develop a better understanding of wavepackets and their propagation. It is well-known that in spite of its relevance and ubiquity this subject does not receive in modern optics courses the extra attention it deserves, very much in the same way that it happens in introductory physics courses or even in quantum mechanics courses. Notwithstanding, the subject has become very important both in applied optics and quantum optics, in multiple ways. For instance the generation and applications of femtosecond laser pulses, the exploitation of laser pulses as a tool in quantum control, the propagation of solitons in optical fibers, or even the propagation of light pulses in rather special media such as a Bose-Einstein condensate. A set of cases taken from applications in ultrashort laser pulse optics, non-linear optics, and optics communications, can be used to present wavepackets physics and the associated transform calculus related to the models involved. The set of cases can be also illustrated with simulations in which optical phase is seen to play the crucial role. A comparison with the traditional way of teaching wavepackets is presented.
The turn of the century has brought new perspectives for teaching Quantum Optics. Recent research results provide opportunities to educate specialists in the area with considerable less efforts than in the recent past. Important experiments can now be performed using cheaper optical sources. Full quantum electrodynamics approaches are often simpler to understand, and indeed more comprehensive than the semi-classical ones used before. This correlates well with the fact that it is easier to introduce quantum mechanics using Feynman's many path approach, the root of quantum electrodynamics, instead of the traditional picture based on a set of postulates. A set of cases is presented to demonstrate that full quantization of radiation and matter is not that hard to grasp by physics students with a background in quantum mechanics. The strong motivation achieved is reinforced with a set of medium cost experiments in which matter and radiation are seeing to interact, sometimes in surprising ways. Not to mention the motivating applications and high-technology potential of present quantum optics, the teaching of both introductory and advanced quantum optics can now be performed at the highest level with an effort which, if not less, is comparable with the required when using the semi-classical approach.
The important quantum optics phenomena known as coherent trapping and electro-magnetic induced transparency are usually modeled using either the Schrodinger picture or the dressed-atom model. In this work the quantization of both the electron field and the interacting field is considered. The model that ensues is analyzed, and the results compared with the former models.
Two accurate, simple approximations to the integral of Bessel's function J0 are presented. The second-order approximant is practically indistinguishable from the true integral when plotted together, even for very large values of the argument. Our approximants, are in addition analytic, and can replace with significant advantages both the well- known power series of the integral and its asymptotic formula. We derive approximants to the transmittance of a plane wave through a circular aperture. Our second order approximant to the transmittance is analytic, and can be evaluated, for all values of the argument, just with a hand- calculator. Its accuracy is better than 0.0011.
Phase-Space Tomography has been recently applied, in complete analogy to classical optics tomography, for the reconstruction of quantum states. The quantum systems thus far considered move in potentials for which only the coordinates of phase space are modified by simple affine transformations--shearing and rotation--, the state Wigner quasi-probability distribution remaining invariant. In this work we consider the case of the truncated harmonic oscillator, a more general, and potentially useful, potential, and show that state reconstruction is still feasible.
Quantum tomography, as being recently used in atomic optics and quantum optics for quantum state recovery, has been developed in analogue fashion to the standard method of classical computer tomography. Unfortunately, it is only possible to handle a limited number of cases with such methods. Advanced non-tomographic quantum state reconstruction is now being developed as an alternative to achieve reconstruction for arbitrary potential functions. It has now become feasible, in turn, to apply the new method, again in analogue fashion, for the reconstruction of classical images.
The method known as frequency-resolved optical gating for the retrieval of the electric field of an ultrashort pulse requires the use of an iterative algorithm. Here we show that using a computational neural network the pulse can be directly recovered.
We review the application of time-frequency concepts in the field of ultrashort laser science. We consider the Wigner distribution, the spectrogram, and the sonogram, and show how each of these distributions are used in ultrafast laser science. We also plot four example pulses in each of the three representations.
Recent developments in frequency-resolved optical gating include an analysis of the iterative algorithm's performance in the presence of noise and the development of a direct, rapid retrieval method using a computational neural network.
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