This paper presents the overview of the simulation modeling of a hydraulic system with regenerative braking used to improve vehicle emissions and fuel economy. Two simulation software packages were used together to enhance the simulation capability for fuel economy results and development of vehicle and hybrid control strategy. AMESim, a hydraulic simulation software package modeled the complex hydraulic circuit and component hardware and was interlinked with a Matlab/Simulink model of the vehicle, engine and the control strategy required to operate the vehicle and the hydraulic hybrid system through various North American and European drive cycles.
We present two methods for a localization system, defined as the "angle of arrival" scheme, which computes position and heading of an autonomous vehicle system (AVS) fusing both odometry data and the measurements of the relative azimuth angles of known landmarks (in this case, reflectors of a stabilized laser/reflector system). The first method involves a combination of a geometric transformation and a recursive least squares approach with forgetting factor. The second method presented is a direct approach using variants of the Unscented Kalman filter. Both methods are examined in simulation and the results presented.
This paper describes a method of acquiring behaviorist-based reactive control strategies for an autonomous skid-steer robot operating in an unknown environment. First, a detailed interactive simulation of the robot (including simplified vehicle kinematics, sensors and a randomly generated environment) is developed with the capability of a human driver supplying all control actions. We then introduce a new modular, neural-fuzzy system called Threshold Fuzzy Systems (TFS). A TFS has two unique features that distinguish it from traditional fuzzy logic and neural network systems; (1) the rulebase of a TFS contains only single antecedent, single consequence rules, called a Behaviorist Fuzzy Rulebase (BFR) and (2) a highly structured adaptive node network, called a Rule Dominance Network (RDN), is added to the fuzzy logic inference engine. Each rule in the BFR is a direct mapping of an input sensor to a system output. Connection nodes in the RDN occur when rules in the BFR are conflicting. The nodes of the RDN contain functions that are used to suppress the output of other conflicting rules in the BFR. Supervised training, using error backpropagation, is used to find the optimal parameters of the dominance functions. The usefulness of the TFS approach becomes evident when examining an autonomous vehicle system (AVS). In this paper, a TFS controller is developed for a skid-steer AVS. Several hundred simulations are conducted and results for the AVS with a traditional fuzzy controller and with a TFS controller are compared.
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