A recently introduced class of sets of maximally entangled quantum states generalizing the Bell basis and called the “Bell gems,” obtained by maintaining of symmetries of the Bell states under changes of scale, are shown to contain a hierarchy of concatenated quantum codes.
We describe the development of a quantum key distribution (QKD)
scheme based on ultrafast laser pumped sources of entangled photon
pairs and the engineering of their entanglement properties. Though
quantum entanglement has been shown to be a useful resource for
quantum key distribution, little work has been carried out in
making use of the full range of joint entanglement behavior present in hyper-entangled photon pairs. We consider the principal advantages of our QKD scheme in connection with the way it makes use of ultrafast laser pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion and hyper-entanglement. In particular, we consider how polarization quantum interference may be modified by manipulating the spatial features of the down-converted light.
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