A directional resonator composed of an 8×8 dielectric rod PhC array with square lattice has been proposed to modulate isotropic radiation of point light source into two directional emitting beams. A two-dimensional microwave field scanning system was utilized to experimentally verify the simulation results of photonic crystal (PhC) array resonance and beam manipulation, agreeing well with the simulation predicting strong fundamental resonance at 14.3 GHz near the band edge. The measured internal field reveals uniform phase with a standing wave pattern, and the external field displays highly collimated plane wavefronts. The PhC array resonator transforms an omnidirectional point source into a directed beam emitter, proving band-edge resonance enables wave redirection and self-collimation radiation simultaneously.
Dielectric resonators are generally applied for radio waves in the microwave and millimeter-wave regions. In this work, we investigate the properties of a novel dielectric resonator comprised of a finite two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) array and a high reflector. By the proper design of PhC band and size, multi-functions, such as highly efficient radiation, significant self-collimation, beam splitting, and zero phase shift, can be achieved simultaneously through the PhC resonator instead of zero refractive index metamaterials, which have important theoretical significance for promoting the application and development of the radiation technology of micro-nano dielectric resonators. We believe it will provide a theoretical basis and technical route for the development of new integrated multifunctional metamaterials and devices.
Different from conventional metamaterials comprising metallic composites with strong resonance loss at higher frequencies, photonic crystals are entirely made of dielectric with evident benefit of low loss. By proper design, photonic crystals can be regarded as zero-index medium (ZIM) at Dirac point in the center of Brillouin zone. The Dirac point can be identified precisely by analyzing transmission spectrum of finite photonic crystal array. The characteristics of effective zero-index can be applied to design some special photonic functional devices, such as filter, splitter and interferometry, etc. A subwavelength scale optical measurement mechanism has been proposed based on standing wave resonance at the Dirac frequency. The field-intensity can be detected to indicate displacement information with more precise measurement accuracy than the non-ambiguity range of half-wavelength of classical wavelength-based interferometry. The proposed design strategy of measuring device could be directly scaled in dimensions to work at different frequency bands without the need for reconfiguration. Its compact design and precise measurement effect may have significant technological potential in future electronic-photonic integrated circuits.
In this paper, we have reported design and analysis of logic NOR and XNOR gates based on two dimensional (2D) photonic crystals at a wavelength of 1550nm. All the logic gates based on the phenomenon of interference and selfcollimation effect. In proposed structure, we control the output by adjusting phase difference to achieve constructive or destructive interference. The working of these logic gates is analyzed by the FDTD method.
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