Laser micro-Doppler information generated by characteristic motion such as target rotation or vibration is a fingerprintlike feature of a target such as a vehicle/pedestrian. By combining with the Doppler information, it can be used for the classification and accurate identification of traffic participants. Meanwhile, optical sensor based on such technology is easy to integrate with intelligent driving platform or intelligent traffic monitoring and control platform. This paper proposes a laser Doppler and micro-Doppler composite signal simulation scheme based on vehicle vibration characteristics. Laser Doppler and micro-Doppler composite signals in a platform state simulated by a horn and a onedimensional mobile platform, and a reformed smooth pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution analysis program is prepared for analysis. Based on this, vibration and motion information are extracted, the laser echo signals are constructed effectively, and physical simulation for composite signal of optical sensor are able to perform.
Resistor array plays a vital role in emulation of the IR control and guide system. However, its serious nonuniformity confines the range of its application. Therefore, in order to obtain an available IR image, nonuniformity correction (NUC)
is necessary. The traditional method is sparse grid and flood which only take the array’s nonuniformity into account. In
this paper we present an improved sparse grid method which considers the whole system which affects the array’s
nonuniformity by dividing the NUC process into different gray levels. In each gray level, we can take two points or several points to calculate the nonuniformity of every block which is divided before correction. After that, we can have several characteristic curves which will be operated with curve fitting. By this means, we will correct the nonuniformity. At last, through the experiment of a number of images, we find the residual nonuniformity associated with random noise
is about 0.2% after the correction.
The Modified Hybrid-Input-Output (MHIO) phase retrieval algorithm is proposed for wavefront sensing. The results show that the MHIO algorithm significantly outperforms the Modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (MGS) in large noise. However its dynamic-range is lower than MGS algorithm. It also shows that if combine the MGS algorithm with MHIO algorithm, which is called MGS+MHIO algorithm, then it can retain the property of MGS’s high dynamic-range and MHIO’s accuracy so that outperforms either MGS or MHIO algorithm. Repeating simulation results show that MGS+MHIO algorithm improves RMS of phase error obviously in high dynamic range and large noise.
In the process of high-resolution astronomical observation and space optical mapping, the wavefront aberrations caused by atmosphere turbulence effect lead to reduced resolution of optical imaging sensor. Firstly, on the base of influence of atmosphere turbulence effect for the optical observation system, this paper investigates and analyses the development and technical characteristics of deformable mirror, which is the key device of optical wavefront control technology. In this part, the paper describes the basic principles of wavefront control and measurement using the current production line of deformable mirror, including micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) deformable mirror which is one of the most promising technology for wavefront modulation and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors. Secondly, a new method based on the technology of optical wavefront control and the data of optical path difference (OPD) for simulating the effect of optical transmission induced by turbulence is presented in this paper. The modeling and characteristics of atmosphere turbulence effect applied for optical imagery detector of astronomical observation and space optical mapping has been obtained. Finally, based on the theory model of atmosphere turbulence effects and digital simulation results, a preliminary experiment was done and the results verify the feasibility of the new method. The OPD data corresponding to optical propagation effect through turbulent atmosphere can be achieved by the calculation based on the method of ray-tracing and principle of physical optics. It is a common practice to decompose aberrated wavefronts in series over the Zernike polynomials. These data will be applied to the drive and control of the deformable mirror. This kind of simulation method can be applied to simulate the optical distortions effect, such as the dithering and excursion of light spot, in the space based earth observation with the influence of turbulent atmosphere. With the help of the optical wavefront control technology, the optical sensor and ability of space optical detection system for correcting the target image blurred by turbulence of atmosphere can be tested and evaluated in the laboratory.
The imaging through atmospheric turbulence is an inevitable problem encountered by infrared imaging sensors working in the turbulence atmospheric environment. Before light-rays enter the window of the imaging sensors, the atmospheric turbulence will randomly interfere with the transmission of the light waves came from the objects, causing the distribution of image intensity values on the focal plane to diffuse, the peak value to decrease, the image to get blurred, and the pixels to deviate, and making image identification very difficult. Owing to the fact of the long processing time and that the atmospheric turbulent flow field is unknown and hard to be described by mathematical models, dynamic simulation for distortion Image with turbulence atmospheric transmission effects is much more difficult and challenging in the world. This paper discusses the dynamic simulation for distortion Image of turbulence atmospheric transmission effect. First of all, with the data and the optical transmission model of the turbulence atmospheric, the ray-tracing method is applied to obtain the propagation path of optical ray which propagates through the high-speed turbulent flow field, and then to calculate the OPD from the reference wave to the reconverted wave front and obtain the point spread function (PSF). Secondly, infrared characteristics models of typical scene were established according to the theory of infrared physics and heat conduction, and then the dynamic infrared image was generated by OpenGL. The last step is to obtain the distortion Image with turbulence atmospheric transmission effects .With the data of atmospheric transmission computation, infrared simulation image of every frame was processed according to the theory of image processing and the real-time image simulation, and then the dynamic distortion simulation images with effects of blurring, jitter and shifting were obtained. Above-mentioned simulation method can provide the theoretical bases for recovering the blur images and analyzing the turbulence atmospheric transmission effects.
The multitarget compounding technique is key in an infrared hardware-in-the-loop simulation system. In this study, the beam-broadening theory and carefully designed experiments are presented to analyze a multitarget compounding system based on a dimpled mirror. By paraxial approximation of geometrical optics, the expression of broadened beamwidth of a dimpled-mirror two-mirror three-reflection concentric system was obtained as the function of system parameters. A multitarget compounding setup was designed and experiments were performed. Excellent matching results were achieved between the beamwidth theory and the experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that the beam-broadening theory is creditable and suitable to design the multitarget compounding system. The theory and experiments are beneficial to the future development and implementation of multitarget compounding technique.
The resistor array devices are commonly used to produce dynamic two dimensional infrared images in the infrared scene
projectors. A non-uniformity caused by many factors is the main source of image fixed pattern noise of the projectors
based on resistor array devices. A prior non-uniformity correction procedure must be done before the dynamic infrared
image generation for the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test and evaluation. In this paper, the developments and details
of the non-uniformity correction technologies for resistor array dynamic infrared scene projector are investigated. The
research is commenced directed towards understanding the cause of spatially-distributed radiance non-uniformities of
resistor array device, and the fundamental elements that underlie the non-uniformity correction technologies in dynamic
infrared scene projection system.
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