In this work, we perform numerical studies of two photonic crystal membrane microcavities, a short line-defect L5 cavity with relatively low quality (Q) factor and a longer L9 cavity with high Q. We compute the cavity Q factor and the resonance wavelength λ of the fundamental M1 mode in the two structures using five state-of- the-art computational methods. We study the convergence and the associated numerical uncertainty of Q and λ with respect to the relevant computational parameters for each method. Convergence is not obtained for all the methods, indicating that some are more suitable than others for analyzing photonic crystal line defect cavities.
In open nanophotonic structures, the natural modes are so-called quasi-normal modes satisfying an outgoing wave boundary condition. We present a new scheme based on a modal expansion technique, a scattering matrix approach and Bloch modes of periodic structures for determining these quasi-normal modes. As opposed to spatial discretization methods like the finite-difference time-domain method and the finite element method, the present approach satisfies automatically the outgoing wave boundary condition in the propagation direction which represents a significant advantage of our new method. The scheme uses no external excitation and determines the quasi-normal modes as unity eigenvalues of the cavity roundtrip matrix. We demonstrate the method and the quasi-normal modes for two types of two-dimensional photonic crystal structures, and discuss the quasi-normal mode field distributions and Q-factors in relation to the transmission spectra of these structures.
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