Digital libraries became necessary vehicles that provide
users with powerful and easy-to-use tools for searching, browsing,
and retrieving media information. The starting point for these endeavors
is the same: segmentation of video material into shots. The
aim of this study is to segment MPEG video streams into shots. A
fully automatic detection for both abrupt and gradual transitions (dissolve
and fade groups) with minimal decoding in real time is developed.
Each detection process was explored through two phases:
macroblock type analysis in bidirectional predictive pictures (Bframes),
and on-demand intensity information analysis. The abrupt
transition detection is explored first by examining the number of forward
and backward macroblocks (p- and b-MBs) in consecutive
B-frames, and then an intensity histogram comparison is applied to
confirm detected transitions. The gradual transition is detected first
by examining the intracoded predicted macroblocks (i-MBs) within
successive B-frames, and then the detection is confirmed by checking
the parabolic shape of the frame variances of the candidate
sequence. Results of the study show remarkable detection rate for
both abrupt and gradual transitions.
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