We demonstrate a low phase noise all Polarization-Maintaining (PM) Er-fiber Optical Frequency Comb (OFC), which uses the 18th harmonic of the repetition rate for tight phase locking to synchronize it to the Hydrogen Maser Clock (HMC). The phase noise of the OFC is -96 dBc/Hz at 1Hz offset, and the corresponding RMS timing jitter of the repetition rate is 62 fs (1 Hz ~ 1 MHz). The residual frequency instability of the repetition rate (200 MHz) is 1.46x10-14@1s, and the residual phase noise of the OFC (normalized to 10 MHz) is -138 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz offset and declines to about -160 dBc/Hz at the far-end, much lower than that of the reference HMC of the phase locking. (-122 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz and -156 dBc/Hz at the far-end).
In this paper, we present an all-Polarization-Maintaining (all-PM), polarization-multiplexed, erbium-doped dual-comb fiber laser based on Nonlinear Amplifying Loop Mirror (NALM). Owing to the sharing of the NALM part, the two combs from this laser had similar center wavelengths with small different repetition rates (Δfrep). In the free-running operation, the standard deviation of relative stability for Δfrep of 2.09 kHz was measured to be 1.59 Hz and the optical beating of the laser was also examined. These results show that the two combs from this laser has high relative stability and mutual coherence.
The optical frequency comb (OFC) technology can synchronize the phase of the microwave and optical frequency, which solves the problem of optical frequency measurement in the past, and can achieve precise measurement of a wide range of frequencies. In this paper, we describe an Er:fiber OFC based on a NALM laser that can self-start mode locking. The spectrum of the comb reaches 60 nm, and the repetition frequency is 200 MHz. Moreover, the carrier envelope offset frequency (fceo), with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 38 dB in 300 kHz resolution bandwidth (RBW), is detected by a common path ƒ-2ƒ interferometer. We achieved the optical comb lock to the ultra-stable laser by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) and electronic optical modulator (EOM) in the laser cavity. The fceo is locked by controlling the pump current source. The frequency stability of fbeat and fceo are 8.5×10-18/τ1/2 and 7.5×10-18/τ1/2 , respectively, and the phase noise are 0.14 rad and 0.99 rad from of 1 Hz to 1 MHz, respectively. We believe the present all polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber frequency comb combines a robust system architecture with ultra-low noise performance and will be very attractive for even the most demanding comb applications.
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