Mr. Robert Hartmann Profile

Robert Hartmann

at PNSensor GmbH

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (44)

Proceedings Article | 16 December 2020 Presentation + Paper

A new spectroscopic imager for x-rays from 0.5 keV to 150 keV combining a fully depleted pnCCD coupled to a columnar CsI(Tl) scintillator with fano-noise-limited energy resolution and deep subpixel spatial resolution

Dieter Schlosser, Robert Hartmann, Alois Bechteler, Peter Holl, M. Shokr, Ullrich Pietsch, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 11444, 114442R (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2575676

KEYWORDS: Spatial resolution, X-rays, Scintillators, Sensors, Imaging spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, X-ray imaging, Image resolution, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 23 July 2014 Paper

Dynamic range of fully depleted pnCCDs: modeling and experimental confirmation

Julia Schmidt, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Martin Huth, Gerhard Lutz, Jakob Soltau, Daniel Steigenhöfer, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 9154, 91540I (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055343

KEYWORDS: Electrons, X-rays, Silicon, Device simulation, Sensors, X-ray detectors, Spectroscopy, Charge-coupled devices, Space operations, Laser optics

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Proceedings Article | 19 October 2012 Paper

Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols

N. Loh, Dmitri Starodub, Lukas Lomb, Christina Hampton, Andrew Martin, Raymond Sierra, Anton Barty, Andrew Aquila, Joachim Schulz, Jan Steinbrener, Robert Shoeman, Stephan Kassemeyer, Christoph Bostedt, John Bozek, Sascha Epp, Benjamin Erk, Robert Hartmann, Daniel Rolles, Artem Rudenko, Benedikt Rudek, Lutz Foucar, Nils Kimmel, Georg Weidenspointner, Günther Hauser, Peter Holl, Emanuele Pedersoli, MengNing Liang, Mark Hunter, Lars Gumprecht, Nicola Coppola, Cornelia Wunderer, Heinz Graafsman, Filipe R. N. Maia, Tomas Ekeberg, Max Hantke, Holger Fleckenstein, Helmut Hirsemann, Karol Nass, Thomas White, Herbert Tobias, George Farquar, W. Henry Benner, Stefan Hau-Riege, Christian Reich, Andreas Hartmann, Heike Soltau, Stefano Marchesini, Sasa Bajt, Miriam Barthelmess, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Ullrich, Philip Bucksbaum, Keith Hodgson, Mathias Frank, Ilme Schlichting, Henry Chapman, Michael Bogan

Proceedings Volume 8504, 850403 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930075

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Free electron lasers, Diffraction, Sensors, Photons, Profiling, X-rays, Wavefronts, Aerosols, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2012 Paper

A compact high-speed pnCCD camera for optical and x-ray applications

Sebastian Ihle, Ivan Ordavo, Alois Bechteler, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Andreas Liebel, Norbert Meidinger, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder, Udo Weber

Proceedings Volume 8453, 84531A (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926997

KEYWORDS: Cameras, X-rays, Photons, X-ray optics, Sensors, Silicon, Aluminum, High speed cameras, Astronomy, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Single particle imaging with soft x-rays at the Linac Coherent Light Source

Andrew Martin, Jakob Andreasson, Andrew Aquila, Saša Bajt, Thomas R. Barends, Miriam Barthelmess, Anton Barty, W. Henry Benner, Christoph Bostedt, John Bozek, Phillip Bucksbaum, Carl Caleman, Nicola Coppola, Daniel DePonte, Tomas Ekeberg, Sascha Epp, Benjamin Erk, George Farquar, Holger Fleckenstein, Lutz Foucar, Matthias Frank, Lars Gumprecht, Christina Hampton, Max Hantke, Andreas Hartmann, Elisabeth Hartmann, Robert Hartmann, Stephan Hau-Riege, Günther Hauser, Peter Holl, André Hoemke, Olof Jönsson, Stephan Kassemeyer, Nils Kimmel, Maya Kiskinova, Faton Krasniqi, Jacek Krzywinski, Mengning Liang, Ne-Te Duane Loh, Lukas Lomb, Filipe R. N. Maia, Stefano Marchesini, Marc Messerschmidt, Karol Nass, Duško Odic, Emanuele Pedersoli, Christian Reich, Daniel Rolles, Benedikt Rudek, Artem Rudenko, Carlo Schmidt, Joachim Schultz, M. Marvin Seibert, Robert Shoeman, Raymond Sierra, Heike Soltau, Dmitri Starodub, Jan Steinbrener, Francesco Stellato, Lothar Strüder, Martin Svenda, Herbert Tobias, Joachim Ullrich, Georg Weidenspointner, Daniel Westphal, Thomas White, Garth Williams, Janos Hajdu, Ilme Schlichting, Michael Bogan, Henry Chapman

Proceedings Volume 8078, 807809 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886754

KEYWORDS: Diffraction, Particles, X-rays, Light sources, Sensors, Liquid crystal lasers, X-ray imaging, X-ray diffraction, Coherence imaging, Free electron lasers

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Large format imaging detectors for x-ray free-electron-lasers

Robert Hartmann, Sascha Epp, Hubert Gorke, Andreas Hartmann, Günther Hauser, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Nils Kimmel, Norbert Meidinger, Christian Reich, Daniel Rolles, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder, Joachim Ullrich, Georg Weidenspointner

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780W (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887034

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Free electron lasers, X-ray imaging, X-ray detectors, Liquid crystal lasers, Electrons, Imaging spectroscopy, Image sensors, Light sources

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Calibration methods and performance evaluation for pnCCDs in experiments with FEL radiation

N. Kimmel, R. Andritschke, L. Englert, S. Epp, A. Hartmann, R. Hartmann, G. Hauser, P. Holl, I. Ordavo, R. Richter, L. Strüder, J. Ullrich

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780V (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887026

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Calibration, Free electron lasers, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Electronics, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Practical experience from operating the imaging pnCCD instrument of the CAMP chamber at LCLS

Georg Weidenspointner, Sascha Epp, Andreas Hartmann, Robert Hartmann, Günter Hauser, Peter Holl, Nils Kimmel, Daniel Rolles, Lothar Strüder, Joachim Ullrich

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780U (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886919

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Free electron lasers, Calibration, Liquid crystal lasers, Particles, X-rays, Contamination, Imaging systems, Image sensors, Photodetectors

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Proceedings Article | 20 July 2010 Paper

Electronic test system for the eROSITA x-ray PNCCDs

J. Elbs, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, S. Herrmann, N. Kimmel, N. Meidinger, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7742, 774211 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857269

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, X-rays, X-ray imaging, Switches, Field effect transistors, Analog electronics, Ceramics, X-ray telescopes, Signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2010 Paper

Quantum efficiency measurements of eROSITA pnCCDs

Stefanie Ebermayer, Robert Andritschke, Johannes Elbs, Norbert Meidinger, Lothar Strüder, Robert Hartmann, Alexander Gottwald, Michael Krumrey, Frank Scholze

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420U (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856939

KEYWORDS: Quantum efficiency, Photons, Absorption, Sensors, X-rays, Aluminum, Signal attenuation, Silicon, Monochromators, Semiconductors

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2009 Paper

CCD detectors for spectroscopy and imaging of x-rays with the eROSITA space telescope

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, S. Ebermayer, J. Elbs, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, S. Herrmann, N. Kimmel, P. Predehl, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder, L. Tiedemann

Proceedings Volume 7435, 743502 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825234

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Space telescopes, Signal processing, Satellites, X-ray telescopes, Imaging spectroscopy, Cameras, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2008 Paper

Results of a pnCCD detector system for high-speed optical imaging

Robert Hartmann, Sebastian Deires, Mark Downing, Hubert Gorke, Sven Herrmann, Sebastian Ihle, Gottfried Kanbach, Janis Papamastorakis, Heike Soltau, Alexander Stefanescu, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7015, 70155C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789714

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, Amplifiers, Adaptive optics, Optical amplifiers, Point spread functions, Signal processing, Imaging systems, Wavefront sensors

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

eROSITA camera design and first performance measurements with CCDs

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, J. Elbs, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, S. Müller, P. Predehl, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder, L. Tiedemann

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70110J (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787793

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, X-rays, Electronics, CCD cameras, Digital signal processing, Signal processing, CCD image sensors, Space telescopes

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The German X-ray observatory eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the prime instrument of the new Spectrum-RG mission. Launch of the Russian satellite is planned for the year 2011. The scientific goal of eROSITA is primarily the detection and analysis of 100 thousand clusters of galaxies in order to study the large scale structures in the Universe and to test cosmological models. The therefore required large effective area is obtained by an array of seven identical and parallel aligned Wolter-I telescopes. In the focus of each mirror module, there is a large frame store pnCCD detector, providing a field of view of 1° in diameter. The same X-ray detector type will also be applied for ART-XC, another grazing-incidence telescope system aboard Spectrum-RG, which permits the detection of heavily obscured X-ray sources. These scientific instruments allow the exploration of the X-ray Universe in the energy band from 0.3 keV to 11 keV. During a mission time of at least five years, an all-sky survey, wide as well as deep surveys and pointed observations will be performed. Approval and funding for eROSITA were granted by the German space agency DLR in April 2007. The conceptual design of the X-ray focal plane cameras is presented here comprising electrical, thermal, and mechanical aspects. Key part of the camera is the pnCCD detector chip, which is developed and produced in our semiconductor laboratory, the MPI Halbleiterlabor. The CCD was designed according to the specifications given by the scientific goals of eROSITA. The eROSITA CCD differs apparently from all previously produced frame store pnCCDs by its larger size and format. The CCD image area of the seven eROSITA cameras is in total 58 cm² large and their number of pixels is about seven times higher than that of the XMM-Newton pnCCD camera. First pnCCD devices were recently produced and tested. Their performance measurements and results are of most importance for eROSITA because the tested CCDs are the control sample of the flight detector production.

Proceedings Article | 13 September 2007 Paper

Fast large-area spectroscopic and imaging CCD detectors for x-ray astronomy with eROSITA and for exploration of the nanocosmos

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, E. Pfeffermann, P. Predehl, C. Reich, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6686, 66860H (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731756

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray detectors, X-ray astronomy, Electrons, CCD image sensors, X-ray imaging, Satellites, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 19 June 2006 Paper

Systematic testing and results of x-ray CCDs developed for eROSITA and other applications

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hartner, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, E. Hyde, N. Kimmel, E. Pfeffermann, P. Predehl, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6276, 627618 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669334

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Signal processing, X-rays, Electrons, Image resolution, Particles, X-ray detectors, Imaging spectroscopy, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Analysis of the charge collection process in pnCCDs

N. Kimmel, R. Hartmann, P. Holl, N. Meidinger, R. Richter, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6276, 62760D (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.673460

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Absorption, Aluminum, Silicon, Device simulation, Electrons, Temperature metrology, Signal detection, Photon counting, Diffusion

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2005 Paper

pn-CCDs in a low-background environment: detector background of the CAST x-ray telescope

M. Kuster, S. Cebrián, A. Rodríquez, R. Kotthaus, H. Bräuninger, J. Franz, P. Friedrich, R. Hartmann, D. Kang, G. Lutz, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 5898, 58980U (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.617013

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Photons, Lead, X-ray telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Copper, Sun, Environmental sensing, Magnetic sensors

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Proceedings Article | 25 August 2005 Paper

Results of a fast pnCCD detector system

R. Hartmann, H. Gorke, N. Meidinger, H. Soltau, L. Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5903, 59030N (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.620498

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Data acquisition, Electrons, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, CCD image sensors, Field programmable gate arrays, Adaptive optics, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

First measurements with DUO/ROSITA pnCCDs

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, K. Dennerl, O. Hälker, G. Hasinger, Robert Hartmann, G. Hartner, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 5898, 58980W (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614827

KEYWORDS: Signal processing, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Sensors, X-ray detectors, Optical filters, Analog electronics, X-ray astronomy, Filtering (signal processing), X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

The Dark Universe Observatory (DUO): telescope concept

Peter Friedrich, Peter Predehl, Hans Bohringer, Robert Hartmann, Guenther Hasinger, Horst Hippmann, Guenther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Siegfried Mueller, Elmar Pfeffermann, Lothar Struder, Eckhard Kendziorra, Richard Griffiths, Robert Petre, Nicholas White, Steven Jordan, Wilhelm Egle

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552526

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Mirrors, Charge-coupled devices, Telescopes, X-rays, Sensors, CCD cameras, Galaxy groups and clusters, Electronics, Digital signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

DUO: the Dark Universe Observatory

Richard Griffiths, Robert Petre, Guenther Hasinger, Peter Predehl, Nicholas White, Bernd Aschenbach, Xavier Barcons, Hans Bohringer, Ulrich Briel, Lynn Cominsky, Michael Corcoran, Udo Dinger, Wilhelm Egle, Peter Friedrich, Zoltan Haiman, Robert Hartmann, J. Patrick Henry, Horst Hippmann, Jim Ingersoll, Keith Jahoda, Del Jenstrom, Steven Jordan, Eckhard Kendziorra, Günther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Takamitsu Miyaji, Joseph Mohr, Siegfried Mueller, Richard Mushotzky, Elmar Pfeffermann, Peter Schuecker, Axel Schwope, Mark Shannon, Lothar Strueder, Steven Varlese

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552171

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Galaxy groups and clusters, Observatories, Microwave radiation, Solids, X-ray imaging, Calibration, Spatial resolution, Astrophysics, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

CCD-detector development for the DUO and the ROSITA missions

Norbert Meidinger, Stefan Bonerz, Jakob Englhauser, Guenther Hasinger, Robert Hartmann, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Guenther Kettenring, Nils Kimmel, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Peter Predehl, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5501, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551505

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Sensors, Aluminum, Image storage, Electrons, Signal processing, Silicon, Optical filters, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

The x-ray mirror telescope and the pn-CCD detector of CAST

Markus Kuster, Heinrich Braeuninger, Jakob Englhauser, Peter Friedrich, Robert Hartmann, Rainer Kotthaus, Gerhard Lutz, W. Serber, Lothar Strueder, Donghwa Kang, Juergen Franz, J. Moralez

Proceedings Volume 5500, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551652

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-ray telescopes, X-rays, Mirrors, Telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray detectors, Photons, Copper, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 3 February 2004 Paper

Frame store PN-CCD detector for space applications

Norbert Meidinger, Ladislav Andricek, Stefan Bonerz, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Guenther Hasinger, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5165, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507119

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Americium, Clocks, Electrons, CCD image sensors, Quantum efficiency, X-ray astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Concept of the ROSITA x-ray camera

Elmar Pfeffermann, S. Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Peter Friedrich, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Gunther Hasinger, Horst Hippmann, Eckhard Kendziorra, Guenther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Siegfried Mueller, Peter Predehl, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461167

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Cameras, X-ray telescopes, Sensors, Space telescopes, Electronics, Telescopes, Mirrors, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Frame store PN-CCD detector for the ROSITA mission

Norbert Meidinger, Stefan Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, Rouven Eckhardt, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Peter Holl, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461156

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, X-ray imaging, Space telescopes, Aluminum, X-ray detectors, X-ray telescopes, Image storage

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Active pixel sensors for imaging x-ray spectrometers

Peter Holl, Peter Fischer, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Johannes Kollmer, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Ivan Peric, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Johannes Treis, Joachim Truemper, Norbert Wermes

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461356

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, X-rays, Photons, X-ray imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Active sensors, Silicon, Prototyping, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Experimental verification of a micrometeoroid damage in the pn-CCD camera system aboard XMM-Newton

Norbert Meidinger, Bernd Aschenbach, Heinrich Braeuninger, Gerhard Drolshagen, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Ralf Srama, Lothar Strueder, Martin Stuebig, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461154

KEYWORDS: Particles, Mirrors, Cameras, Sensors, Grazing incidence, Semiconducting wafers, Iron, X-rays, Silicon, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 25 January 2002 Paper

High-speed large-format x-ray CCDs for ESA's XEUS mission

Lothar Strueder, Heike Soltau, S. Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, D. Carathanassis, Rouven Eckhardt, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Peter Holl, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Rainer Richter, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke-Radau, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4497, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454232

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Aluminum, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, Semiconducting wafers

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Proceedings Article | 25 January 2002 Paper

Imaging spectrometers for future x-ray missions

Lothar Strueder, Gunther Hasinger, Johannes Kollmer, Norbert Krause, Norbert Meidinger, Joachim Truemper, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Heike Soltau, Peter Klein, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, Peter Fischer, Norbert Wermes, Werner Buttler

Proceedings Volume 4497, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454230

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, X-rays, Spectroscopy, Transistors, X-ray detectors, X-ray imaging, Signal processing, Imaging systems, Active sensors

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2000 Paper

Room-temperature x- and gamma-ray spectroscopy with silicon drift detectors

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, S. Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Diana Stoetter, Gerhard Lutz, P. Solc, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Paolo Leutenegger, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Ulrich Weber, Andrea Castoldi, Carlo Fiorini, Emilio Gatti, Chiara Guazzoni, Antonio Longoni, Marco Sampietro

Proceedings Volume 4141, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.407602

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, X-rays, Electrons, X-ray detectors, Spectroscopy, Semiconducting wafers, Signal detection, Transistors, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 16 August 2000 Paper

High-speed pn-CCDs as imaging detectors from 200 to 1200 nm

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 4008, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395494

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Electrons, Field effect transistors, Cameras, Semiconducting wafers, Internal quantum efficiency, Ultraviolet radiation

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

X-ray pn-CCDs on the XMM Newton Observatory

Lothar Strueder, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Robert Hartmann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Claus Reppin, Ulrich Briel, Horst Hippmann, W. Kink, D. Hauff, Norbert Krause, Bernd Aschenbach, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Diana Stoetter, S. Kemmer, Joachim Truemper, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, P. Solc, Rouven Eckhardt, Eckhard Kendziorra, Markus Kuster, Christoph von Zanthier, Peter Holl, A. Viehl, S. Krisch, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391614

KEYWORDS: Particles, X-rays, Electrons, Cameras, Sensors, Silicon, Calibration, Charge-coupled devices, Amplifiers, Solar processes

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

In-orbit performance of the EPIC-PN CCD camera on board XMM-Newton

Ulrich Briel, Bernd Aschenbach, M. Balasini, Heinrich Braeuninger, Wolfgang Burkert, Konrad Dennerl, M. Ehle, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Piero Massa, Norbert Meidinger, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Marcus Kirsch, Norbert Krause, Markus Kuster, David Lumb, Elmar Pfeffermann, Josef Pal, W. Pietsch, Martin Popp, A. Read, Claus Reppin, Heike Soltau, Ruediger Staubert, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Gabriele Villa, Christoph van Zanthier, V. Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391613

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, X-rays, CCD cameras, Particles, Vignetting, Satellites, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Multichannel silicon drift detectors for x-ray spectroscopy

Peter Lechner, Werner Buttler, Carlo Fiorini, Robert Hartmann, Josef Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Paolo Leutenegger, Antonio Longoni, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, R. Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Ulrich Weber

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391596

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Silicon, Capacitance, Spectroscopy, Transistors, Spectroscopes, Electrons, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Fully depleted backside-illuminated spectroscopic active pixel sensors from the infrared to x rays (1 eV to 25 keV)

Lothar Strueder, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Robert Hartmann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Norbert Krause, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, S. Kemmer, Martin Popp, Joachim Truemper, Johannes Kollmer, T. Johannes, Gerhard Lutz, D. Hauff, Rainer Richter, Peter Klein, N. Hoernel, P. Solc, Rouven Eckhardt, Peter Fischer, W. Neeser, J. Ulrici, Norbert Wermes, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Ulrich Weber, U. Weichert

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391556

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, Quantum efficiency, Active sensors, X-rays, Image resolution, Amplifiers, Charge-coupled devices, Transistors, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 7 July 2000 Paper

High-speed frame store CCD for use in optical and near-infrared astronomy

Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Lothar Strueder, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 4007, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.390325

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Silicon, Electrons, Adaptive optics, Field effect transistors, Near infrared, Astronomy, Wavefront sensors

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

PN-CCD detector for XMM and ABRIXAS

Norbert Meidinger, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366501

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Silicon, X-rays, Semiconducting wafers, Electronics, Electrons, X-ray detectors, Field effect transistors, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Overview of the calibration and the performance of the pn-CCD camera

Ulrich Briel, Edgar Bihler, Heinrich Braeuninger, Michael Colli, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Norbert Meidinger, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Marcus Kirsch, Norbert Krause, Markus Kuster, Josef Pal, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Th. Stadelbauer, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier, V. Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366503

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Cameras, X-rays, Quantum efficiency, Sensors, Satellites, CCD cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Data modeling, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Quantum efficiency of the XMM pn-CCD camera

Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Ulrich Briel, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Edgar Bihler, Eckhard Kendziorra, Jean-Francois Hochedez, Erick Jourdain, Pierre Dhez, Philippe Salvetat, Jutta Auerhammer, Detlef Schmitz, Frank Scholze, Gerhard Ulm

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366552

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Quantum efficiency, Photons, Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Calibration, CCD cameras, Synchrotron radiation, Synchrotrons, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 1999 Paper

Wide-field imaging spectrometer for ESA's future x-ray mission: XEUS

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Peter Klein, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3766, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363630

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Electrons, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, X-ray imaging, Image resolution, Silicon, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1998 Paper

6 x 6-cm fully depleted pn-junction CCD for high-resolution spectroscopy in the 0.1- to 15-keV photon energy range

Christoph von Zanthier, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Peter Lechner, Bernhard Maier, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Heinrich Braeuninger, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Horst Hippmann, E. Kastelic, W. Kink, Norbert Krause, Norbert Meidinger, Gerd Metzner, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Ulrich Weber, D. Carathanassis, S. Engelhard, Th. Gebhart, D. Hauff, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, H. Seitz, P. Solc, Edgar Bihler, H. Boettcher, Eckhard Kendziorra, J. Kraemer, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert

Proceedings Volume 3301, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304566

KEYWORDS: Semiconducting wafers, Charge-coupled devices, Field effect transistors, Sensors, Spectroscopy, X-rays, Silicon, Cameras, Multiplexing, Energy efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 1997 Paper

36-cm2 large monolythic pn-CCD detector for EPIC on XMM

Peter Holl, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, D. Hauff, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Bernhard Maier, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Bernhard Pflueger, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Rainer Richter, J. Riedel, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3114, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.278910

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Semiconducting wafers, X-rays, Sensors, Cameras, Satellites, X-ray imaging, Spectroscopy, CCD cameras, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 31 October 1996 Paper

PN-CCD detector for the European photon imaging camera on XMM

Norbert Meidinger, Heinrich Braeuninger, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Norbert Krause, Gerd Metzner, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, J. Riedel, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Ulrich Weber, D. Hauff, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, S. Krisch, Heike Soltau, Christoph van Zanthier, Edgar Bihler, H. Boettcher, Eckhard Kendziorra, J. Kraemer, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert

Proceedings Volume 2808, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.256022

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Signal attenuation, X-ray detectors, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Cameras, Charge-coupled devices, CCD cameras, Semiconducting wafers

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The pn-charge coupled device (pn-CCD) detector system was developed as the focal plane instrument of an x-ray telescope for the European photon imaging camera (EPIC) on the x-ray multi mirror (XMM) mission. The second cornerstone mission of the European Space Agency's Horizon 2000 plan performs high throughput imaging and spectroscopy of the x- ray sky in the domain of 0.1 keV - 15 keV. The pn-charge coupled device will also be used for a German x-ray astronomy satellite mission, called ABRIXAS (a broad-band imaging x-ray all-sky survey). While XMM will perform pointed observations. ABRIXAS will carry out an all sky survey with imaging telescopes. Both projects are planned to be launched in 1999. The homogeneous coherent sensitive area of the detector consists of a 6 cm by 6 cm large array of 12 pn-CCDs which are monolithically integrated on a single silicon wafer together with the first stage of amplification. The pn-CCD detector has been optimized for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy and its performance is close to the theoretical limits given by the Fano noise. High quantum efficiency essential for the investigation of faint objects is accomplished over the whole energy range by a thin photon entrance window and a full sensitive detector thickness. A fast readout achieves excellent time resolution for the observation of pulsed x-ray sources and avoids pile- up for bright objects. The relevant performance parameters reflecting the state of the detector development are presented. The radiation hardness of the pn-CCD was verified for the ten year satellite mission. No significant increases in the thermally generated current, charge transfer losses and transfer noise occurred in the temperature range planned for detector operation. A correction of the signal charge losses, which occur already before irradiation in all types of charge coupled devices during the charge transfer to the anodes, is necessary to achieve the highest energy resolution of the detector. Methods to reduce the signal charge losses which were successfully tested, are described.

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