Efficient integration of Quantum Emitters (QEs) with beam shaping and polarization encoding functionalities has always been on the agenda but heretofore remained elusive. Here, we proposed a general approach for designing chip-integrated single-photon sources with flexible control of photon polarization states and Orbital Angular Momenta (OAM), including the possibility for multichannel single-photon generation. The developed approach is based on meticulous design of QE-coupled anisotropic metasurfaces for outcoupling QE-excited diverging Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) into single-photon beams with desired properties. We have realized independent manipulation of the single photon Spin Angular Momentum (SAM) and OAM states by using anisotropic metasurfaces. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the generation of high-purity Linearly Polarized (LP) single-photon beams with arbitrary different OAMs and further extend to realize multiplexing of single-photon emission channels with orthogonal LPs carrying different topological charges. Our findings provide a promising approach for chip-scale control of quantum emission with versatile functionalities.
We develop the vectorial scattering holography approach, as an inverse design method, with both single-channel and multiple-channel regimes for flexibly designing versatile on-chip QE-coupled metasurfaces. Based on the proposed approach, we design, fabricate, and characterize on-chip quantum light sources of two well-collimated single-photon beams propagating along different off-normal directions with orthogonal linear polarizations. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate on-chip generation of multichannel quantum emission encoded with different SAMs and OAMs in each channel. The multichannel holography approach is further extended for tempering the strength of QE emission into a particular channel. The holography-based inverse design approach developed and demonstrated on-chip quantum light sources with multiple degrees of freedoms enable thereby a powerful platform for quantum nanophotonics, especially relevant for advanced quantum photonic applications, e.g., high-dimensional quantum information processing.
To achieve quantum computing on chip, the chip-scale photonic quantum technologies indispensably request efficiently coupling and guiding spontaneous emission from solid-state quantum emitters (QEs) as central blocks for high-quality single-photon sources. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a deterministically positioned nano-diamond (ND) as QE which is manipulated on chip via Archimedean spiral gratings to spontaneously trigger single photons carrying spin and orbital angular momentum superposition states.
Controlled placement and excitation of quantum emitters in plasmonic nanostructures is highly desired for efficient plasmon-emitter interfaces on a chip. We present a hybrid approach for direct energy exchange between propagating surface plasmons and quantum emitters using low-loss dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides (DLSPPWs). Alignment of the waveguides axes is pre-determined to maximize emitter decay into fundamental DLSPPW mode. Lithographic fabrication is performed on negative high-resolution electron-beam resist to incorporate nanodiamonds containing single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Efficient grating couplers at the two ends of the waveguide facilitate input coupling of excitation light and output coupling of the NV emission. The hybrid platform provided a controlled activation of NV emitter micrometers away from the host nanodiamond and can be further expanded to include several quantum emitters, revealing the potential of our approach for realization of functional on-chip quantum plasmonics.
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