In some optical systems, high requirements are put forward for the roughness of the thin-walled side of infrared materials, and ultra-precision grinding is needed. In this paper, the removal of residual tool marks in the side forming process of such parts is studied, and the influence of two different grinding methods of fixed abrasive on the side roughness is analyzed, and polycrystalline magnesium fluoride (MgF2) is taken as the research object. Firstly, the comparative experiment of peripheral grinding on the side of MgF2 is carried out by using diamond grinding wheel with different particle sizes, and then the end grinding is carried out by using different particle sizes of pellets. It is proved that the tool marks can be removed by end face grinding, and the surface roughness Ra decreases from 1.4241μm to 0.0458μm.
Traverse oscillating cutting is one of the cutoff process with low cutting forces, low contact zone, favorable cooling, long cutting time which is suitable for hard and brittle materials. The cutting process will generate residual stress, which affects the surface profile and mechanical properties. In this paper, the fused silica glass is selected to carry out the cutting experiment. The effect of the two cutting modes, horizontal cutting and longitudinal cutting on the residual stress was studied experimentally. And the parameters such as rotating speed, feed speed and cutting depth were optimized. The results show that both cutting modes produce large residual stress at the edge, while the horizontal cutting in the middle region produces smaller residual stress. There is no significant linear relationship between the parameters and residual stress, which has an optimal range. And an optimal traverse oscillating cutting technique is obtained.
The quality of surface machining of glass-ceramic materials determines the performance of optical components. Low surface roughness and surface/subsurface damage in precision grinding is one of the machining conditions for the ultra-smooth surface of glass-ceramic materials. In this paper, the bowl-shaped diamond grinding wheels with different particle size and binding agent were used. First of all, the orthogonal tests of machining parameters such as different feed rates, spindle speed, and grinding depth at high speeds were designed. Secondly, the surface machining quality and stress distribution after grinding was analyzed. At last, the reasonable machining parameters for high-speed grinding of glass-ceramic materials were explored, in order to provide reference and basis for actual machining.
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