An optical experiment system of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is designed for valveless gas-liquid PDE to reveal the mechanism of nozzle improved the thrust performance. The velocity of detonation exhaust with non-nozzle, convergent nozzle, divergent nozzle and convergent-divergent nozzle is tested by laser Doppler velocimetry. The results indicate that laser Doppler method can accurately infer the instantaneous flow velocity, especially the velocity platform where contributes more to the engine impulse. The maximum value is 1222.66 m/s, 1128.52 m/s, 1338.64 m/s and 1296.93 m/s, the time of duration which the velocity is greater than 400m/s is 8.51ms, 7.58ms, 5.83ms and 17.62ms of the velocity under the condition of non-nozzle, convergent nozzle, divergent nozzle and convergent-divergent nozzle respectively.
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