Multiplane Light Conversion (MPLC) combines free-space propagation with spatial phase modulation to achieve complex spatial basis transformations. We have designed a Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode multiplexer using the MPLC technique and investigated the impact of phase steps on insertion loss, mode dependent loss and mode purity. The experimental results show that the insertion loss of the HG-mode multiplexer is 0.3 dB, the mode dependent loss is 0.39 dB and the device generates HG-mode purity achieve to 93% when five-phase planes with a phase-plane spacing of 15 mm and 64-phase steps.
In this work, we fabricated a few mode S-shape waveguide with a length of 20 cm by photolithography, the S-shape waveguide is designed with the minimum bending radius of 8 mm and the maximum bending radius of 13.7 mm. The waveguide core size is 15 μm × 10 μm, and the core pitch is 250 μm. The transmission loss of the waveguide is 0.22 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.64 dB/cm at 1550 nm, received by a multimode fiber. While, when the output is received with a single mode fiber, the corresponding values become 0.27 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.71 dB/cm at 1550 nm. The crosstalk of the waveguide is lower than -40 dB at 1310 nm.
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