This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 12351 including Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and Conference Committee Page.

In the context of aging society, the standing assistive seats become more and more necessary to the elderly. The research methodologies of standing assistive seat design for the elderly is explored based on biomechanics theory and verified through a design case in this paper. Firstly, through questionnaire survey and in-situ observation, the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly were analyzed, and their practical needs for assistive seats were mastered. Then, based on the biomechanics theory, the stress of the bone system of the elderly in the process of sit-to-stand was analyzed and a set of innovative design schemes of standing assistive seats for the elderly was built. A specific design case was proposed to verify the feasibility of the design strategy. Results show that the research method and design strategy based on the biomechanics can be effectively applied in the design of the standing assistive seats for the elderly. It can be concluded that in this way, we can meet the special physiological and psychological needs of the elderly, and create a convenient and comfortable living environment for them.

The concept of intelligent manufacturing has affected the development of the automation industry, and people have higher and higher requirements for automation production. In order to meet the needs of the development of the automation industry and realize unmanned production, we need to use industrial robots. The disordered grasping system of industrial robot based on visual guidance can help the manipulator to locate materials and complete automation tasks. Through the conversion relationship between the manipulator and the camera, and the extraction of the image features, the manipulator can achieve the orderly placement of materials. The final experimental results also show that the system has certain advantages, which can save the production cost for enterprises. Of course, because China's visual technology is not mature enough, in-depth research is needed to follow up this aspect.

With the upgrade of automobile consumption, more and more attention has been paid to the health attributes of the car cockpit. However, due to the lack of a unified evaluation standard in the industry, the concept of the car health cockpit is blurred, causing confusion in the industry and consumers. In order to standardize and unify the evaluation system of car health cockpit, this paper conducts research on the evaluation index system of car health cockpit through the influence of car cockpit on human health, combined with the thorough detection of harmful substances, establishes an index framework system and the health evaluation of car interior parts. It is of great significance to promote the development and application of automotive environmental protection materials, configurations and processes, and to promote the green development of the industry.

Cleanliness is an important indicator to ensure hydraulic system effective operation. Hydraulic components flushing is a significant process to improve the cleanliness of hydraulic system. This paper studies the required conditions to keep the flushing solvent in a turbulent state and develops an adaptive intelligent flushing system and equipment based on Reynolds number and viscosity-temperature characteristic of flushing solvent. Experimental results show that the system and equipment can stably control the cleanliness of hydraulic components by adjusting the turbulent flow state of flushing solvent adaptively.

In order to improve the loading effect of thin seam shearer, this paper takes MG450 / 1050-WD shearer, drum diameter of 1200 mm and section depth of 750 mm as the research object, establishes the simulation analysis model of shearer and scraper conveyor through discrete element method, and studies the influence law of drum structural parameters and motion parameters on the loading effect of shearer. It is found that under the selected working conditions, the installed performance of the shearer is the best when the helix angle is 14° and the drum speed is 45rpm.

This paper analyses the current situation of passenger aircraft cabin cargo and the measures taken by airlines under the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. An innovative product cargo seat cover for flexible passenger-to-cargo conversion is proposed in response to potential problems, and product styling, material composition, design philosophy, cost and application value are researched. The aim of paper is to meet the changing requirements and challenges under the COVID-19 pandemic by exploring new models and innovative products for aircraft passenger-to-cargo conversion, and bring more possibilities to the aviation industry by breaking the inherent passenger-to-cargo mindset.

The problem of population aging in China is very serious. How to improve the quality of life of the elderly is an important direction of our technological development. The elders on the bus accounted for a large proportion, and the elders have limited mobility in their legs and feet on the bus. Therefore, this paper designs a bus auxiliary device to facilitate the elderly to get on and off the bus. Firstly, through SolidWorks three-dimensional modeling, meet the function of the design, after simplifying the model, using ANSYS Workbench. The cantilever structure is analyzed to determine that the design meets the requirements. Finally, a device that is stable and space-saving in structure and does not affect normal people when not in use is designed.

The industry of rehabilitation aids plays an important role in China's medical industry, and lower limb prosthesis is an important branch of the industry of rehabilitation aids. In recent years, with the progress of technology, lower limb prostheses are also developing towards intelligence. This paper reviews the development of lower limb prosthesis, expounds the development status of intelligent lower limb prosthesis technology and products in China, and briefly introduces relevant domestic documents and key R & D plans from the aspects of universities, medical enterprises and macro policies, which have played a positive role in promoting the development of intelligent prosthesis. Finally, the main factors restricting the development of intelligent knee prosthesis technology in China are analyzed from the upstream, downstream and structural design of the whole intelligent prosthesis. Aiming at the limiting factors, some views and suggestions on further research on intelligent prosthesis and the development of prosthesis industry are put forward from the aspects of industrial policy, theoretical research, technology research and development, product market application, etc.

The intelligent family balcony garden uses a variety of sensors to collect relevant parameters of plant growth, including air temperature and humidity, light intensity, soil pH and other important parameters of crop growth environment. Algorithms are used to drive heaters, fans, humidifiers, lamps, water pumps and other devices to compensate and correct the above parameters. Hardware and software are combined to stabilize the internal environment and control the humidity at 80% Rh-90% RH, Maintain the temperature at 25 ℃ - 30 ℃, ensure sufficient illumination time, and the preset value of soil pH is ph6 5-PH7. 0. If the preset value is exceeded, the alarm will be given through the buzzer, and the soil humidity will be controlled at 17% rh-44% RH, that is, the optimal environment for vegetable growth will be achieved inside the device.

Based on the style and cleaning requirements of intercepting nets at cold water intake of a nuclear power plant, and the current situation of intercepting nets cleaning, this paper analyzes the feasibility of using underwater robot to clean intercepting nets, and puts forward a design scheme of underwater cleaning equipment with ROV as the main body. Through the analysis of environmental parameters and working parameters, the design and selection of various parts of cleaning equipment are completed, and the equipment manufacturing and testing conditions are met, which can effectively reduce the labor cost and operation risk of underwater cleaning of intercepting nets.

In order to optimize the coating process in the field of command and control system equipment, reduce cost and increase efficiency, this study proposes the application of electrostatic spraying process. This study mainly introduces the basic principle and current application of electrostatic spraying. Through the actual verification of various electrostatic spraying equipment and the comparison with traditional air spraying, the feasibility of the application of electrostatic spraying technology in the field of command and control system equipment is analyzed and demonstrated. The final test results show that the use of electrostatic spraying technology can greatly improve the utilization of paint raw materials and reduce VOCs emissions, which has important economic and environmental benefits.

This paper takes instant heating and heat storage intelligent flush toilet as the research object. Firstly, through theoretical analysis, it is determined that the influencing factors of energy consumption are water temperature and environmental temperature. In order to verify the theoretical analysis, test scenarios were set up, and tests were carried out under high limit, standard working mode and low limit working mode as well as 9 typical working conditions, revealing the correlation of energy consumption test results of intelligent toilet under different environmental temperatures and different inlet temperatures, and promoting the technical level of product energy efficiency.

During the cutting process, it is necessary to monitor the wear of the tool and change the tool in time to improve the processing quality and save costs. This paper proposes a set of real-time intelligent monitoring system with accuracy, real-time, synchronization, integration and scalability, and introduces environment-related sensors. In order to adapt to the actual processing process, the performance of the monitoring system is evaluated. A performance evaluation experimental hardware installation model is designed, and a performance evaluation method is provided for the collected multi-source heterogeneous signal data with large frequency differences and complex waveforms, which has high practical value.

In recent years, domestic robot industry is faced with a huge opportunity as well as severe challenges due to the four factors of age of a society, great power competition, COVID-19 and industrial upgrading. From the perspective of three elements of both pricing logic and promotion of industrial robot industry -economy, technology, talent and policy, taking EFORT industrial robots as an example, this paper analyzes the shortcomings and deficiencies in the current situation and the future development trend of industrial robot development, therefore finds the pain points of industrial robot enterprise development and makes a plan for the development of EFORT intelligent industrial robots. This paper summarizes the progress of EFORT intelligent robots and the training of robot application talents from the aspects of technology research and development, new application scenario development, business model innovation and the integration of the industrial chain and the education chain in. This paper has certain reference value for the current strategic decision-making of domestic robot industry enterprises.

When the multi-functional western pharmacy pharmaceutical screening device is in use, tablets are often placed in piles at the upper end of the filter, which is not easy to spread out, making it affect the screening efficiency of tablet screening. The utility model discloses a multifunctional Western pharmacy pharmaceutical screening device, including support frame, discharge frame and other structures, by providing a leveling mechanism at the upper end of the filter, the second motor is energized to work, so that the connecting block drives the sliding bar to make N-shaped swing, which in turn makes the brush plate to level the material, achieving the advantage of being able to increase the screening efficiency.

In order to achieve higher quality communication between modern communication systems and wireless sensor networks, a pierce based thin film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) oscillator with a fundamental frequency of 1.65 GHz was designed. A bias circuit with negative feedback structure is designed under the lowest noise figure of RF Transistor electrical characteristics, and the on-load quality factor (Q_L) of the oscillator is improved. The excellent performance of low phase noise of FBAR oscillator is realized. The simulation results show that the phase noise of FBAR oscillator of - 94.780 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset, -115.038 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, -135.087 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset, and -155.123 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, the DC power consumption is 10 mW, the output power is -8.150 dBm, and the quality factor (FOM) of the oscillator is -210 dB. The designed FBAR oscillator has low phase noise and provides higher quality communication for BAW sensor.

The vibration of the agricultural machinery is very severe because of the rigid connection structure of the agricultural machinery and the bumpy road in the operating field which will cause the drivers' whole-body vibration, affect the drivers' comfort, aggravate the drivers' fatigue, and even endanger the drivers' health. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of the human body under different postures. Firstly, the vibration test platform is established according to the practical working conditions of the driver body. Then, vibration data of the human body under different postural statuses due to different upper torso inclination and bending of the legs are obtained on the vibration test platform. Finally, the effects of postural changes on human body dynamics are studied by analyzing the vibration frequency spectrum under different conditions. The results of this study can provide a significant reference for the design of the seat vibration damping system and the driver protection system of the agricultural machinery.

Science and technology change life, in Our country, the "fourteenth Five-year plan" clearly accelerate the modern industrial system, improve the quality of people's life, mechanization, automation and efficient production mode has gradually replaced manual labor in all walks of life, and with the rapid development of the speed. In this era of abundant material life, the society pays more attention to food safety and food hygiene. The high efficiency and flexibility of automation technology largely solve the artificial pollution caused by traditional artificial production and packaging. Sensor technology, transmission control technology and pneumatic technology in the field of automation are also constantly developing and improving. In contrast, in the process of striving to achieve comprehensive automation, foreign countries are also constantly paying attention to the integration of mechanical technology and biotechnology to achieve intelligent food packaging in many aspects. This paper mainly introduces the automation technology at home and abroad, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of China's automation development compared with foreign countries in the development process.

The rapid development of China's social economy has led to the wide application of all kinds of modern machinery and equipment, among which industrial robots are relatively common production equipment. They can effectively improve production efficiency and production quality, have the advantages of good flexibility, high safety factor and low production cost, and change the problems existing in traditional production activities. Therefore, industrial robots have been widely used in the automatic stamping production line in various industrial fields. Based on this, this paper analyzes the key technologies of industrial robots and industrial robots, and also expounds the application of industrial robots in the automatic stamping production line.

Wear failure is greatly affected by the structure, including the structure of the whole machine and the shape and size of parts. The multi-cone wet clutch can effectively improve the torque transmission capacity, but the contact form of friction pair is more complicated, which makes the wear and structure strongly coupled. This paper has discussed the influence of operating conditions and structure parameters on the sliding wear of multi-cone friction pair with finite element method (FEM). Based on Archard’s wear law, the sliding wear simulation procedure is carried out to calculate the wear displacement, and the orthogonal design is also applied in order to select a few simulation schemes with strong representativeness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to quantify the influence of various factors on the wear of multi-cone wet clutch. This paper can guide the design of multi-cone friction wet clutch.

At present, the flushing water tank on the market has different shapes and styles, and the pressing panel is also different. There is no specification limit on the shape and size, and the shape is different, which puts forward higher requirements for the versatility of equipment fixtures. Now the general testing equipment on the market for different samples are customized according to the sample fixture method to solve this problem, resulting in a wide variety of equipment fixture, replacement and inconvenient operation resulting in low efficiency of the test. The experimental device described in this paper uses an adjustable universal fixture to solve the problem of sample installation. Only one fixture can solve the problem of sample installation. The flexibility of the robot hand is used to solve the problems caused by different pressing modes of different samples, so that the experimental device can be matched with different flushing water tanks and pressing panels on the market, and there is no need to solve the adaptability problem by customizing the replacement fixture. The cost of the equipment is reduced, the installation operation is convenient, the sample installation time is saved and the efficiency is improved, the equipment is truly universal and convenient, and the test method is more concise and effective, and the test efficiency is improved.

In wet environments such as rain and snow, a layer of conductive film is easy to form on the surface of insulating equipment. When it is used for a certain period of time, it is prone to leakage current and even flashover. In order to solve this problem, a self-cleaning coating was prepared by using silicone as raw material and adding modified fluorosilicone rubber and nano filler. The coating can be applied in humid environment to avoid flashover. The infrared, corrosion resistance and self-cleaning tests show that the coating has good water resistance and self-cleaning ability.

Indigo pigment microcapsules were prepared from wild indigo pigments by complex embedding method. The effect of embedding time, embedding temperature, emulsifier type and content on the embedding effect of indigo pigment microcapsules was investigated by the single-factor test, and the highest embedding rate of indigo pigment microcapsules was optimized by the response surface test. The highest embedding rate of 27.32% was achieved under these conditions, and the microcapsule preparation process was reproducible with good embedding effect.

The advantages and disadvantages of different in-situ whisker synthesis processes are analyzed. The latest research progress on the in-situ synthesis of whisker toughening Al₂O₃-based and Si₃N₄-based ceramic tool materials are reviewed, and corresponding solutions to the problems existing in in-situ synthesis are proposed. It is believed that different in-situ synthesis processes have their own characteristics, and reasonable control of process conditions can obtain high-quality whiskers, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of ceramic tool materials.

The cleaning and repairing effect of the cleaning agent on silicone rubber insulators was studied. The cleaning effect of the material was characterized by salt density and gray density. The hydrophobicity classification was used to study the hydrophobicity recovery of the material. The effects of alumina and homemade organosiloxane contents in the agent on the cleaning and repairing were studied. Through infrared Fourier spectroscopy, the changes of surface functional groups of aging silicone rubber before and after cleaning are studied. It had the best cleaning effect when the alumina content was 3%, and best repairing effect when the homemade organosiloxane content was 2%~3. The dry cleaning effect was carried out as comparison. As a result, dry wiping can only remove the floating dust on the surface, oil stains cannot be removed, and ethanol cleaning can remove some of the dirt, while the hydrophobicity of the insulator surface cannot be restored, which was confirmed that by FTIR. Through the compounding of surfactants and the addition of active substances, the prepared cleaning and repairing agent can infiltrate and emulsify the pollution on the surface of the insulator, effectively remove the pollution on the surface of the insulator, and form a new hydrophobic layer measured as HC1 level on the surface. Through the combination of surfactants and the addition of low surface energy active substances, the cleaning and repairing agent can not only effectively remove the contaminants on the surface of the silicone rubber of the insulator, but also restore the hydrophobicity of the silicone rubber, which can effectively extend the use time of the insulator and reduce the operating cost of the power grid to ensure the safe operation of the power grid.

Carbon-bonded magnesia brick is widely used in iron- and steel-making processes. However, carbon in the brick is susceptible to oxidative damage, and great attention has been paid to improving the oxidation resistance of carbon-bonded magnesia brick. To study the effect of boron-containing additives on the oxidation resistance of carbon-containing refractories, carbon-bonded magnesia bricks were prepared from fused magnesia, flake graphite, and phenolic resin with three powders as additives, namely B₄C, Mg₂B₂O₅, and ZrB₂. The effects of the three boron-containing additives on the properties of the carbon-bonded magnesia bricks were analyzed and compared, and the relationships between the properties, microstructure, and phase evolution were studied. The results show that an appropriate addition of the three boron-containing additives is beneficial for improving the density and cold compressive strength of the carbon-bonded magnesia bricks. Furthermore, B₄C exhibits the best antioxidation performance followed by ZrB₂ and Mg₂B₂O₅.

Due to the problems of complex regulation, large mass, and poor adaptability, the traditional ship leak-plugging umbrella is often difficult to be effectively applied in the process of warship leak-plugging. In this paper, starting from the technical scheme and performance characteristics of naval leak plugging umbrella, a design of naval anti-umbrella plugging umbrella based on water-absorbing and expanding rubber material is proposed. Based on the good ductility and elasticity of the swollen rubber material after absorbing water, it achieves the anti-parachute coverage of the breach under the action of water pressure. Meanwhile, an axisymmetric non-linear finite element analysis model of the rubber plugging umbrella is established using ABAQUS to analyse the stress-strain state of the umbrella at different water depths. The results show that the new leak plugging umbrella has a reasonable design, high pressure strength and good sealing performance, which can significantly improve the ship's leak plugging capacity and has broad application value.

The visual nervous system is the main channel for perceiving the surrounding environment and obtaining external information. However, due to the von Neumann bottleneck, new computing architecture is urgently needed to meet the growing demands of big data processing. So, it is a new frontier in the field of computing to develop artificial neural networks comparable to biological neural networks. Synapses, which form the basis of neuromorphic computing, have attracted great interest in recent years. In this study, we synthesized ZnO nanorods by chemical method and introduced NiO as the second functional layer to modify the interface by taking advantage of ZnO's large specific surface area. We report the fabrication of the optoelectronic synaptic device based on NiO/ZnO bilayer films and demonstrate its diverse synaptic plasticity. The device could respond to light stimuli at the wavelength of 450 nm or 520 nm respectively, and present varied synaptic behaviors, such as short-term plasticity (STP), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), long-term plasticity (LTP), and STP to LTP transition and “Learning behavior”. It is worth confirming that our optoelectronic synapse has simple ITO/NiO/ZnO/ITO structure but excellent synaptic behavior, which has a potential to be used in artificial vision and neuromorphic computing systems in the near future.

Recently, the interest in neuromorphic computing that can mimic the human brain to combine computation and storage with energy efficiency into a compact space, has created a new artificial computing architecture distinguished from the traditional von Neumann ones. As one of the key components in artificial computing architectures, synaptic devices play very important roles in detecting and processing the environmental information. Copper oxide is one of the transition metal oxides with unique electronic, mechanical, magnetic and optical properties. However, there have been few reports on the investigation of synaptic devices based on copper oxide semiconductors. Most of the reported synaptic devices respond to electrical excitation but few of them can work under light excitation. Here, we report the fabrication of an optoelectronic synaptic device structured as ITO/CuOx/Pt that is based on monolayer copper oxide film only, and demonstrate the multiple synaptic properties. It is found that the device could effectively absorb and respond to the stimulating light at 450 nm and 520 nm, and the generated photocurrent could be modulated by regulating the defects and the composition of the memristive film inside the device. Additionally, a series of important synaptic functions, including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), short-term potentiation (STP) to long-term potentiation (LTP) transition, have been successfully simulated on the device. Our newly fabricated optoelectronic synaptic device shows a great potential in neuromorphic computing.

Synapse is one of the key components of brain nervous system. As the fourth electronic component, memristor can be used to act as synaptic device and construct bionic neural network, in which the synapses can be stimulated by either electrical excitation or optical irradiation. Up to now, there have been many researches on the optoelectronic synaptic devices and the main functional materials include binary oxides, perovskite complex oxides, solid electrolytes, organic and polymer materials, etc. Here, we report anoptoelectronic synaptic device based on SnO₂monolayer embedded with Ag nanocrystals and structured as ITO/SnO₂:Ag/p++-Si. It is found that the SnO2:Ag thin film can effectively absorb light illumination in the broadband range of 450 nm to 635 nm, and that the device has been successfully simulated with multiple synaptic behaviors in the broadband range, including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired pulse facilitation (PPF) and the transition from short-term plasticity (STP) to long-term plasticity (LTP). Our newly developed optoelectronic synapse device shows great application potential in neuromorphological computing.

With the rapid development of intelligent era, machine vision based on von Neumann architecture will face a bottleneck, while the developing neuromorphic computing is one of the most promising options to solve the bottleneck. The key step is to enable the artificial devices to simulate the behaviors of biological synapses, and light-modulated memristors can be applied in neuromorphic computing to build artificial visual systems. Here, a bilayer memristive film of SrTiO₃ /CuAlO₂ was chosen to construct a two-terminal artificial synaptic sample with construction of ITO/SrTiO₃:Ru/CuAlO₂/ITO, in which the SrTiO₃ layer was doped by Ruthenium (Ru) in order to enhance the light response from ultraviolet to visible range. It is found that the number of interior carries in the memristor could be generated by exterior stimulation of light, and the fabricated memristor could successfully mimic multiple synaptic functions of the biological synapse like excitatory postsynaptic current, short/long-term plasticity transform, paired-pulse facilitation and so on. The obtained excellent synaptic plasticities and optoelectronic properties of our light-modulated memristor have shown a potential in the machine vision and artificial neuromorphic computing systems in the near future.

Radiometric calibration is one of the important ways to objectively evaluate the performance of spectral radiometric instruments and related devices. Therefore, the establishment and transfer of radiation standards have become the key technologies. In this paper, based on the traditional optical path for visible light calibration, the optical path for radiometric calibration in infrared band is designed by using light coupling and spatial filtering technology. The output light is collimated and parallel, polarized in P direction, the optical power is stable, the spot is pure and free of stray light. Also, the optical path can be adjusted accurately, which solves the problem that the calibration optical path of the absolute cryogenic radiometer (ACR) is difficult to adjust in the infrared band.

By changing the welding process parameters (mainly the laser power P and spot diameter D), the effect of the laser welding process on the quality of the weld seam was studied for 20# and 45# steel dissimilar steels. The results show that the tensile strength of the welded joint increases with increasing laser power and decreases with increasing spot diameter. The hardness distribution of welded joints basically shows a symmetrical distribution with the weld as the center. During the welding process, the weld zone produced martensite and bainite organizations, and there was also migration of carbon elements at the welded joint.

Femtosecond laser machining of special-shaped hole was performed on silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic. Effects of scanning speed and scanning pitch on the machining results of special-shaped hole were studied. The variation laws of hole shape and morphology were analyzed. Results showed that lower scanning speed and smaller scanning pitch were beneficial to improve the continuity of special-shaped hole contour, but the processing time was longer. From the perspective of comprehensively considering processing quality and processing efficiency, the optimal processing parameters for hole machining were scanning speed and scanning pitch in the range of 800~1000 mm/s and 0.8~1.1 μm, respectively. Differences in composition in the machining area of special-shaped hole were studied. Reasons for the change of elemental contents were discussed.

In this paper, a simple and effective method was demonstrated for designing and optimizing the surface acoustic wave (SAW) force sensor with one-port resonators. Interestingly, via combining the empirical formula and the coupling of modes (COM), initial range of the essential structural parameters (i.e., the interdigital transducer pairs, the reflection grating pairs, the acoustic aperture and the film thickness) were confirmed. As such, the final parameters were obtained by using orthogonal tests and the analysis of comprehensive factors. Furthermore, the finite element simulations showed that our designed SAW force sensor exhibited a good negative linear relationship between the loads and the center frequencies. This study may provide an efficient and potential designing strategy for the practical SAW force sensors.

The imbalance of uric acid concentration in the blood can lead to serious related diseases. Therefore, accurate detection of uric acid plays an important role in human health management. However, uricase is used to detect uric acid. As is known to all, enzymes are easily affected by temperature, humidity and pH and thus lose their activity, resulting in invalid test results. Enzyme free electrochemical biosensor can make up for these defects of enzyme sensor. Optimization of the electrode of non-enzyme sensor is the main mean to improve its detection performance. Thus, in this work, the porous bimetallic MOF material, which formed three-dimensional folds on the rhombic dodecahedron surface by morphology control strategy, was successfully designed. Electrochemical test shows that the designed material has good detection performance of UA, due to the great surface morphology and chemical composition. Detailly, the NiCo-MOF sensor displays the performance with the ultra-wide linear range of 2.5-2500 μM and the excellent sensitivity of 428 μA mM^-1 cm^-2 (2.5-20 μM). These results provide an effective method for preparing MOF-based electrode materials with excellent sensing performance.

For pedestrian indoor positioning in a complex environment, a single positioning technology cannot achieve a good positioning effect. For example, ultra wide band (UWB) positioning technology cannot reduce the influence of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) error by itself. Therefore, this paper uses extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm to integrate UWB technology with pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) technology. PDR positioning technology has the advantages of strong autonomy and high short-time positioning accuracy, which is complementary to UWB positioning technology. In order to facilitate the fusion of UWB and PDR and facilitate the use of pedestrian, the PDR device was fixed on the waist of pedestrian, and a gait detection method based on multiple constraints was proposed for pedestrian gait recognition. Aiming at the problem of NLOS error of UWB in the process of fusion, an adaptive noise variance method is proposed to dynamically adjust the measurement covariance of UWB. Through experimental verification, the average error of the positioning results of the proposed method is 0.21m, which is significantly more accurate than that of pure UWB positioning or pure PDR positioning.

This paper considers a short packet transmission scheme based on optical fiber sensing technology, which consists of a transmitter and K users. Considering that the error probability in short packet communication cannot be ignored, we first derive the expression of the block error probability of the receiver based on the approximation of the Gaussian function, then the delay boundary is analyzed based on stochastic network calculus, and the delay violation probability under the target delay constraint is finally obtained. According to the simulation results, it can be concluded that the block error probability of the receiver can be reduced by increasing the number of launchers and the length of the data packet, thereby improving the reliability of the short packet transmission system based on optical fiber sensing technology. In addition, by increasing the threshold of block error probability, increasing the information transmission rate and the accumulated departure of the system can be improved, and the waiting time of arriving data packets will be reduced, thereby improving the delay performance of the short packet transmission system based on optical fiber sensing technology.

At present, the mine microseismic monitoring system mostly adopts the mean velocity model and absolute positioning method, and the source positioning error is large, which seriously affects the later processing interpretation and risk assessment, it is difficult to meet the refined management requirements of deep mining ground pressure risk. In response to this situation, the velocity partition model is established, which makes the velocity model more fit with the velocity structure characteristics of the complex rock mass in the microseismic monitoring area underground mine (mine roadway, cavity, ore body, surrounding rock mass, etc.), so as to improve the picking accuracy of microseismic wave arrival time. Finally, the mine site data is used to carry out the IMS micro-seismic monitoring system positioning results and the source location results in this paper benchmarking. The results show that the relocation results obtained by the micro-seismic location of velocity partition based on the 3D stations underground mines are more reliable and more accurately match the high-risk areas during mining.

The frequency of the quartz crystal oscillator will change when it is subjected to stress. Through this force-frequency characteristic, the change of the frequency of the quartz crystal oscillator sensor can be observed, and the stress change can be detected, thereby realizing the stress monitoring of the concrete structure. This paper designs and introduces the manufacture of the quartz crystal sensor for concrete stress monitoring, and records the frequency change of the quartz crystal sensor under the load test through experiments, analyzes and studies the corresponding relationship between stress and frequency, and monitors the stress of concrete structures. Provides new and effective methods.

Magnetic sensor is an important branch of modern sensor industry, and billions of magnetic sensors are used in various fields every year, playing an important role in industrial automation, consumer electronics, medical treatment, aerospace, communication network, Internet of Things, scientific research, weapons and equipment, etc. This paper introduces the classification, working principle, technical development and application prospect of magnetic sensors.

With the development of 2D layered materials, graphene and graphene-like materials are becoming increasingly popular in scientific study and industrial applications because of their excellent performance. 2D layered black phosphorous performs well in photoelectric devices because of high carrier mobility, tunable direct bandgap, optical anisotropy, and non-linear effect. Many unique properties of BP exceed graphene materials. Since it comes out, it has gained wide attention. This paper gives structure and unique characteristic information of BP while summarizing the main fabrication methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Additionally, it provides current research and contributions of some groups. Ultimately, we prospect for the future application of BP.

With the improvement of assembly performance of platen workpiece, the roughness of outer circle of platen workpiece is required to be Ra 0.4. As the workpiece is turned on a CNC vertical lathe, the original level is about the surface roughness Ra 0.8 to Ra 1.3, which cannot meet the performance requirements. In this paper, the outer circle polishing device is developed, which is installed on the cutter tower of the finishing outer circle machine tool. After finishing the outer circle, it directly polishes the outer circle to the roughness of Ra 0.4.The workpiece after using the device structure can fully meet the accuracy requirements.

The process parameters of selective laser sintering directly affect the mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of the formed parts, and each forming material corresponds to a different combination of process parameters. For PA2200 material, the effects of laser power and scanning distance on the tensile strength and dimensional accuracy of the formed parts were studied. Through theoretical analysis and comprehensive experiments, the optimal parameter combination was obtained: laser power 40 W, scanning spacing 0.4 mm, tensile strength up to 46.42 MPa, X-direction dimensional accuracy deviation accounted for -0.25%, Y-direction dimensional accuracy deviation The proportion is -0.5%, and the Z-direction dimensional accuracy deviation accounts for 0.75%.

In the tobacco processing process, it can be divided into direct contact process and non-direct contact process according to the processing technology. There are two main types of steam used in the process: homemade steam and purchased steam. In the direct contact process, the output quality and output efficiency of tobacco products are closely related to the chemical components contained in the steam, and the dryness of the steam also affects the output quality and output efficiency. In the non-direct contact process, it is mainly related to the water content of the steam itself. Therefore, in this paper, the difference in quality between purchased and homemade steam was compared by testing chemical composition of the steam and sensory quality of tobacco products during direct contact process. In addition to this, for direct contact processes and non-direct contact processes, we provide advice on the use of steam dryness in actual tobacco processing operations. Finally, we give the steam usage requirements of the terminal equipment and the technical solution to reduce the ammonia (or ammonium ion) in the steam.

Aiming at the problems that the distance between the existing section cooling channel structure and the cavity wall is not constant, a type of runway section cooling channel structure was proposed. Based on the traditional channel design method, the channel design method of "line -plane-body" was improved. Using the Cosmetic bottle caps as research object, the runway cross section type cooling structure was designed, and the injection molding process parameters were optimized through orthogonal test, and obtained the optimal combination of process parameters, the results show that compared with before optimization of process parameters, plastic parts warp distortion was reduced by 11.6%, finally through the hot solid coupling analysis, show that the structure of the thermal stress distribution uniformity, Reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration in the water channel of the mold insert, ensure the service life of the insert, and have a wide range of applications in the structure of plastic parts with double wall surface.

Introduced the grinding mechanism of glass, analysed the process requirements of touch screen glass. According to the machining of concrete product, designed the form grinding tool and vacuum adsorption fixture for touch screen glass, provide the method to achieve the CNC form grinding process of touch screen glass.

In order to evaluate the health status of the overall equipment in the power workshop of the cigarette factory, a health evaluation method is proposed which combines the AHP and the FCE. Firstly, A comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed based on various elements; secondly, the weight of each index is calculated based on the AHP, and the monthly health evaluation is calculated by AHP while the quarterly is calculated by FCE. Taking the actual operation and maintenance status of the power workshop as an example for engineering application, the results show that the evaluation model is consistent with the actual operation and maintenance status, which provides strong support for the subsequent maintenance strategy.

The rapid development of the drone industry brings security risks to low-altitude airspace in important places. In order to effectively defense unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), it is of great significance to develop a system which can identify drone models by radio signal. To identify similar UAVs, a UAV signal recognition method based on re-classification and separation of image transmission signal (ITS) and flight control signal (FCS) is proposed. The OFDM time domain parameters of ITS are extracted for model pre-classification. Then, after extracting the time-frequency features of ITS and FCS respectively, the UAV can be identified with high precision by SVM. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the four DJI UAVs can reach more than 95% when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 0dB.

Fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites (FRERCs) are widely used in the aerospace industry. The surface defects incurred during the manufacturing process of FRERCs have detrimental effects on the aircraft during high-speed flights. To accurately and efficiently detect FRERCs’ surface defects. A novel lightweight and two-stage 3D defect detection network is proposed in this paper, i.e., NGSP-Point-Net. The first stage of the network is 3D Mask proposers; the proposers generate multiple candidate 3D surface defect masks, allowing the second stage of the network to focus on potential defect regions. The second stage of the network is the 3D merger; it classifies the candidate surface 3D defect masks to determine whether the mask is a defect or not and keeps only the target masks to obtain the final detection results. In addition, a distributed semi-real-time detection system based on the NGSP-Point-Net is constructed in this paper to simulate the online and high-speed detection of FRERCs’ surface defects in the manufacturing process. Several NGSP-Point-Net-based experiments were conducted. The metrics of the precision, accuracy, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), and the mean intersection of union (mIoU) reach 0.9914, 0.9896, 0.9792, and 0.9243, respectively; and the inference speed reaches about 150,000 points/s with a single Nvidia RTX 3080. Experiments demonstrate that the NGSP-Point-Net provides a new possibility to accurately and efficiently detect surface defects of FRERCs.

In industrial practice, deploying a neural network for the real-time diagnosis of rolling bearings is a challenging task. To address this problem, this paper proposes a method for deploying Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Wide First-layer Kernels (WDCNN) on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Vibration signals can be used to predict the bearing condition directly by the accelerator. Using high-level synthesis tools to optimize the accelerator, the prediction time of a sample (2,048 points) has been reduced to milliseconds. Our research results indicate that the accelerator can be used to accurately and rapidly predict the bearing state.

In recent years, autonomous mobile robot has become a key research direction in academia due to their good application prospects. The ability to autonomously avoid obstacles and reach a preset target point is the basic requirement of an intelligent mobile robot. As a common obstacle avoidance algorithm for mobile robots, artificial potential field algorithm (APF) has defects such as local minima problem and GNRON problem. Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional APF algorithm, this paper proposes an improved artificial potential field algorithm based on point vortex and PID adjustment. The implementation of the improved algorithm is based on the two following main points. Firstly, an irrotational point vortex flow field is added to the original repulsion field of the obstacle to form a composite potential field. Properties of point vortex are used to provide additional virtual deflection force to the robot to avoid getting stuck. Secondly, aiming at GNRON problem, the strength of vortex and the range of action of the vortex repulsive composite potential field are adjusted in real time by means of PID adjustment. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the improved algorithm proposed in this paper, a comparison with the traditional APF algorithm was performed in seven environments with different obstacle layouts. The results show that the improved algorithm can be effectively applied to a variety of obstacle environments. Moreover, the local minimal value problem and GNRON problem of the traditional APF algorithm are successfully solved. The mobile robot can flexibly and efficiently avoid obstacles and reach the end point.

This paper proposes a time series action detection algorithm. Based on the classical SlowFast algorithm, the input image of the slow channel is determined according to the image stability index to improve the detection accuracy of the slow module. Mixed algorithm to reduce fast-channel computations by determining input video segments for fast-channel based on fast skeletal action detection. By preprocessing, it can greatly reduce the computational load of SlowFast algorithm and improve its accuracy.

Encoders have the advantages of high precision and reliability, and are widely used in industries such as industry and aviation and military industries. As Industry 4.0 puts forward higher requirements for encoder output accuracy, this paper proposes a subdivision error compensation model of particle swarm network based on adaptive subdivision. Through the parallel iterative particle swarm optimization model, the error compensation of the encoder output grating signal is realized. The problems in the past particle swarm optimization models, such as slow convergence speed and easy to fall into local optimum, are optimized. The optimization algorithm can effectively improve the convergence speed and system accuracy of traditional particle swarm optimization.

Solid rocket motor propellant in the long-term storage process of the drug column structure damage has the characteristics of strong concealment, great harm, and difficulty to detect. At present, for the structural health monitoring technology of solid rocket motor propellant, a large number of studies have been carried out abroad, and related research has been carried out in China. In this paper, the relevant concepts and connotations of solid rocket motor propellant structural health monitoring technology are sorted out, the performance of the main methods of current solid rocket motor propellant health monitoring technology is compared, and the research status of emerging structural health monitoring technologies such as piezoelectric impedance method, fiber grating method and infrared thermal imaging method is analyzed. In this paper, based on the current research status, the possible development direction of future research is explored and prospected.

Aiming at the problems of large overshoot and poor robustness of valve control in the battery during liquid injection, this paper proposes an improved Smith prognosticator model based on BP network. This paper firstly analyzes the influence of lithium battery electrolyte permeability on the liquid injection accuracy, secondly studies the key factors affecting the liquid injection valve time delay problem, and then constructs the battery liquid injection system model. The fuzzy PID in this system model is to ensure the accuracy of valve flow by accumulating the output variables of fuzzy control to make them infinitely close to the desired PID parameters. In the paper, the feedback link of the Smith prognosticator is improved by using BP neural network to fit the valve, and the fitted model is applied to the Smith prognosticator to solve the problems of delay error and robustness of the traditional Smith model. The test results show that compared with the traditional Smith predictor, the Smith predictor with BP network has the advantages of short adjustment time and small tracking error, which is suitable for complex and changing working conditions and has strong robustness, and can be well applied in the lithium battery injection system.

The uneven settlement and horizontal displacement of the transmission line tower foundation may lead to the overall tilt of the tower and the tower collapse accidents. In order to obtain the uneven settlement and horizontal displacement information of tower foundation, the method of uneven settlement and horizontal displacement. According to the engineering practice, the proposed method can monitor the uneven settlement and horizontal displacement of the transmission line foundation.

As the critical component for fluid control in nuclear power plants (NPPs), the performance of nuclear valves has direct impacts on the safety of the system. According to ASME OM Code, Subsection ISTC, “inservice test of Valves in Light-water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants” on the inservice test requirements and maintenance practices for valves in NPPs, this paper develops the diagnosis criteria for motor-operated valves (MOVs) in domestic NPPs and the performance evaluation method with the diagnosis examples to provide guidance for reliability management of valves in NPPs.

Bearings are widely used in industrial production lines and rotating machinery equipment, and bearing failure may prevent the operation of the entire system, so its reliability is very important. It is particularly important to repair and maintain bearings before failure, so we need to accurately know the residual life of bearings and assess the degradation state of bearings. Therefore, this paper puts forward a bearing life prediction method based on EMD(empirical mode decomposition) and PF (particle filter). First, aiming at the non-linear and non-stationary features of vibration signals of bearings, EMD is conducted for signals, which mainly eliminates the noise mixed in the original signals effectively through effective component reconstruction, analyzes the intrinsic mode component obtained and extract its energy entropy, and take the energy entropy feature as the degradation characteristics indicating the heath state of bearings. Second, the performance degradation model of bearings is built according to the trend characteristics, and PFis used to update the parameters of the performance degradation model of bearings for predicting the remaining life. In order to verify its effectiveness, the method proposed is verified with two groups of whole-life data of bearings and compared with the traditional ARIMA model. The experimental results show that the RMSE value calculated by the proposed EMD-PF prediction model is significantly smaller than that of the ARIMA model, and the prediction error decreases gradually with the degradation process. The prediction model proposed has stable convergence and can effectively predict the degradation process of bearings.

Based on the low efficiency and high cost of conventional manual and electrical methods for detecting defects in PCB production, a PCB defect detection method based on YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed, which adds a prediction head for small object detection to form a four-dimensional detection, so as to improve the detection effect of small objects; ASFF (adaptive feature space fusion) is added to YOLOv5s original FPN + PANNET structure for feature fusion to ensure that each space can adaptively fuse different levels of feature information; GAM(global attention mechanism) is added to the original network, and attention operation is applied in all three dimensions , which strengthens the ability of model information extraction. The experimental results show that the improved defect detection method can accurately classify six kinds of defects, and the average accuracy can reach 98.8%. It has a certain reference value for the deep learning PCB defect detection method.

The proposed approach was extended to fatigue life prediction for 6082-T6 aluminum alloy under multi-level variable amplitude loading. The test data were compared with fatigue lives calculated by the proposed method. The results showed that predicted lives based on this method were in good agreement with the experimental data, which indicated that the approach can be applicable to fatigue life prediction for 6082-T6 aluminum alloy subjected to variable amplitude loading. The deviation of assessed fatigue lives of aluminum alloy by the approach was lower than Miner's results. In addition, a fatigue life prediction system was developed by Microsoft visual studio 2010 and the C# computer programming language. It can be obtained from the validation results that the system-predicted fatigue lives of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy were in good agreement with the results calculated by proposed approach, which indicated that the prediction system was acceptable for fatigue life prediction of 6082-T6 under variable amplitude loading.

The principle, detection method and engineering application examples of the steady-state surface wave method for detecting the depth of concrete cracks are expounded. Compared with the traditional ultrasonic detection technology, the steady-state surface wave detection technology can be used to detect concrete cracks within the depth of 10m in mass concrete. The detection technology has the advantages of high detection accuracy, stable source, and is not affected by the filler in the joint, the water filling in the joint and the reinforcement in the concrete.

Given the quality problem of a batch of oil and gas long radius elbow found on site, a quality sampling inspection was carried out. The quality was tested by a penetrant test, geometric dimensions measurement, chemical composition analysis, and a hardness test. Metallographic analysis was carried out about the defects found. It can be seen that no obvious abnormality was found in the profile size, remaining wall thickness, chemical composition analysis, and hardness test results of this batch of elbows. There is a longitudinal crack with a length of 10 mm on the outer surface of the pipe end of the DN50 elbow. According to anatomical analysis, this defect is a shallow crack on the outer surface, with a certain angle between the crack and the outer surface of the pipe. The maximum depth in the cross-section is 0.24 mm, and the vertical depth from the outer surface is 0.12 mm. It is speculated that these cracks occurred before solution treatment and are related to the original defects of the parent pipe or mechanical damage during cold work.

Based on the near-infrared or mid infrared spectral data of traditional Chinese medicine in question e of Chinese college students' mathematical modeling competition in 2021, this paper studies the models of absorbance and wavelength of different kinds of medicinal materials, the characteristic models of different regions of different kinds of medicinal materials, the difference models of different regions of the same kind of medicinal materials, and the difference models of absorbance between different regions of different medicinal materials, establishes a linear regression model, and analyzes and arranges the data through MATLAB and python, Using the sklearn library, build the machine learning model, train the eigenvalues through the existing data, and finally compare and analyze the results.

With the continuous development of agricultural informatization and mechanized high-tech, the degree of agricultural automation is increasing. The single-chip microcomputer equipment has many advantages such as diverse functions, simple circuits, and low cost, and has broad market prospects. Therefore, the measurement of soil moisture and fertility based on single-chip microcomputers can be widely used in the market. This design is the design of soil moisture and fertility detection system. The system uses STC89C52 microcontroller as the control center of the system, uses the YL69 humidity sensor as the soil humidity sensor module, uses the JXBS-3001-NPK soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three-in-one fertility sensor as the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor module, and uses LCD12864 The display is used as the display module of the system, the buzzer is used as the notification module, and the button module is used to set the upper and lower limit values of the preset value of soil moisture and fertility. The soil moisture signal is collected through the YL-69 humidity sensor, the soil fertility signal is collected through the JXBS-3001-NPK soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three-in-one fertility sensor, and the single chip STC89C52 processes the signal and outputs the control signal to control the Buzzer sounds. At the same time, the single-chip microcomputer sends the data that is not within the range of our preset value to the display screen to make a mark.