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The contrast in conventional x-ray imaging is generated by differential attenuation of x rays, which is generally very small in soft tissue. Phase imaging has been shown to improve contrast and signal to noise ratio (SNR) by factors of 100 or more. However, acquiring phase images typically requires a highly spatially coherent source (e.g. a 50 μm or smaller microfocus source or a synchrotron facility), or multiple images acquired with precisely aligned gratings. Here we demonstrate two phase imaging techniques compatible with conventional sources: polycapillary focusing optics to enhance source coherence and mesh-based structured illumination.
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Weiyuan Sun, Carolyn A. MacDonald, Jonathan C. Petruccelli, "Propagation-based and mesh-based x-ray quantitative phase imaging with conventional sources," Proc. SPIE 10990, Computational Imaging IV, 109900U (13 May 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2520756