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20 September 2004 Nanosecond laser-induced explosive boiling studied by photoacoustic and plume transmission techniques
Sergey I. Kudryashov, Susan D. Allen
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Proceedings Volume 5448, High-Power Laser Ablation V; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.563173
Event: High-Power Laser Ablation, 2004, Taos, New Mexico, United States
Abstract
A model experimental "thin variable thickness transparent liquid layer on opaque (absorbing) solid substrate" geometry has been chosen to study explosive boiling and lift-off of a pre-deposited 2-propanol (isopropanol, IPA) layer on a crystalline Si substrate heated by a nanosecond KrF excimer laser using contact photoacoustic and optical plume transmission techniques. The threshold-like transition from the low-amplitude (sub-MPa) bipolar to the intense (near GPa) unipolar temporal shape of acoustic transients has been observed above the ablation threshold of 0.17 J/cm2 ("universal" for micron-thick IPA layers used) due to sub-nanosecond explosive near-critical expansion and boiling in the nanometer-thick liquid IPA sub-layer near the film/substrate interface heated by conduction from the Si substrate. This pressure build-up exceeding many times the critical pressure of 2-propanol (4.8 MPa) exerted a reactive force on the cooler liquid overlay of the IPA layer and accelerated it to lift-off (ablative plume) velocities from several m/s to several tens m/s depending on the film thickness, while the initial expansion velocity of the superheated IPA sub-layer was about 1 km/s. In a good agreement with experimental data, calculations of the IPA/substrate interface temperatures versus laser fluence have shown near-critical state of the IPA sub-layer near the ablation threshold. These data allow testing the general sub-surface explosive boiling mechanism, characteristic for pulsed laser ablation of both opaque and weakly-absorbing materials.
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Sergey I. Kudryashov and Susan D. Allen "Nanosecond laser-induced explosive boiling studied by photoacoustic and plume transmission techniques", Proc. SPIE 5448, High-Power Laser Ablation V, (20 September 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.563173
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KEYWORDS
Silicon
Explosives
Acoustics
Liquids
Excimer lasers
Laser ablation
Solids
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