The International Photoacoustic Standardisation Consortium (IPASC) hereby reports the results of a consensus-finding exercise undertaken to agree recommendations for properties of tissue-mimicking phantom materials and their characterization. Guidelines on material properties are given under defined environmental conditions and include, for example, recommendations on optical and acoustic properties, stability, and structural composition. Multi-center studies involving independent fabrication of phantom material batches are encouraged for reproducibility and verification of properties within acceptable ranges. The recommendations aim to support researchers and manufacturers to develop phantoms that facilitate system performance assessment, inter-device comparisons, and system optimization, ultimately advancing photoacoustic technology.
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