We present a Geometric Phase (GP)-based Sagnac Anti-Resonant Ring (ARR) interferometer mirror (GP-mirror) for achieving tunable optimum output coupling in Continuous Wave (CW) Doubly Resonant Optical parametric oscillator (DRO). The DRO is designed using a nonlinear crystal MgO: PPsLT of 30 mm length and a grating period of 7.97 μm with a GP mirror in one arm of the standing wave cavity. The GP mirror is constructed using a quarter wave-plate (λ/4), half wave plate (λ/2), and quarter wave-plate(λ/4) at +45◦, θ, -45◦ with respect to vertical polarization, respectively. The DRO output transmission can be varied continuously from 0.6% to 50%, attaining optimum output coupling of 1.4% for maximum power extraction of 2.45 W when pumped with an incident power of 5 W at 47◦C crystal temperature at signal and idler wavelength of 1054 nm and 1074 nm, respectively. The maximum pump depletion of 89% is obtained with a conversion efficiency of 49%. The transmission through a GP-based mirror delivers the tunable optimum output power across the tuning wavelength range ⪆ 90 nm. This showcased GP-mirror concept presents an avenue for enhancing the capabilities and management of coherent sources adjustable across various spectral ranges and across all time scales, ranging from continuous-wave to ultrafast femtosecond domains.
We, theoretically study the emergence of Akhmediev Breather (AB) that develops via modulation instability in an Ultra-Silicon-Rich Nitride (USRN) waveguide. The nonlinear parameter of the USRN waveguide is 106 times as large as that in single mode fiber with exceptionally strong dispersion induced by the stopband in a cladding modulated Bragg grating (CMBG). This significantly reduces the length scale and input power required for light-matter interaction to take place. We show that at small input powers, the waveguide can trigger strong modulation instability close to the waveguide input. This allows a fully developed AB to form within the first 1-3 mm of a 6 mm waveguide. Realizing MI and AB on an integrated chip offers the opportunity to study a variety of nonlinear phenomena such as supercontinuum generation, Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) recurrence, and optical rogue waves in highly compact, CMOS-compatible form factors.
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