In this paper we describe the use of a horizontally polarised Ultra-Wideband imaging radar to detect metal tripwires. A limited set of experimental measurements was processed using a wire detection algorithm designed to discriminate wires from clutter. A common threshold applied to the algorithm output successfully discriminated wires deployed at four orientations. Three independently measured cases rendered consistent results when processed using the same algorithm. These results suggest that further development is warranted to establish the performance on a statistical basis.
QinetiQ is developing a hand held Multi-sensor mine detector prototype for humanitarian applications. The sensor consists of a GPR, a metal detector and ancillary sensors. This paper describes how data produced by ancillary sensors can be exploited in order to assist the GPR processing. The GPR consists of a 3x3 array of antennas, and focused images of the volume beneath the sensor are formed by post reception synthetic aperture processing. The mine detector is intended to detect sub surface targets, and an accurate knowledge of the ground surface position relative to the sensor is required. Also the high frequency dielectric constant of the ground medium is required in order to produce focused images. This paper analyses the requirements for good post reception synthetic aperture processing. The accuracy of the ground surface position data and the dielectric constant estimation are determined. A model for soil dielectric constant is used to derive the sensitivity of post reception synthetic aperture processing to unknown soil texture. It is show that for the GPR configuration considered, a wide range of texture variations is tolerable provided the soil moisture can be accurately estimated. Variations in soil composition are also tolerable.
At present the most effective mechanical aids for the post conflict hand clearance of anti-personnel mines are metal detectors and probes. These are effective against the majority of current mine threats but clearance rates are limited because of the high incidence of false targets in post conflict areas. Such false targets must be exposed and removed with the same care required for handling genuine ordnance. Clearance rates would be substantially improved if false targets detected by metal detectors could be distinguished from mine threats and thus left in place. One possible approach to the problem of differentiating between metal fragments and anti-personnel land mines is the use of multiple sensors. In this paper we discuss the design of a GPR for such a multi-sensor detector head. One of the challenges for combined metal detectors and GPR is the design of the GPR antenna so that it can operate effectively in the presence of metal detector coils. For a practicable device the GPR antennas must operate with the metal detector coils in their near field and coupling between sensors is of primary importance. The antennas must also be designed so that their influence on the metal detector's sensitivity is minimized. In this paper we present one solution for this problem and present experimental results showing the how the proposed GPR design operates in the presence of metal detector coils and in the presence of a resistive transducer located below the antenna array. The GPR concerned uses a 3x3 antenna array and post reception synthetic aperture processing to provide a 3d image of the ground underneath the sensor. Focussed images of various targets are presented, and images to demonstrate the effects of the other sensors on the GPR are shown.
Peter Undrill, George Cameron, M. Cookson, Chris Davies, Neil Robinson, Andrew Hill, Tim Cootes, Christopher Taylor, Ann Thornham, J. Wysocki, Heather Liddell, Dennis Parkinson
KEYWORDS: 3D image processing, Brain, Binary data, Image segmentation, Image processing, Medical imaging, 3D modeling, 3D displays, Parallel processing, Magnetic resonance imaging
The MIRIAD project (Medical Image Reconstruction, Interpretation, Analysis, and Display) brings together a multidisciplinary team with the objectives of exploring interactive presentation and model-based interpretation of three-dimensional medical images taken from high and low resolution studies respectively. A digitized atlas of normal anatomy can then be used to provide the personal atlas by which the medical image can be appraised and quantified.
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