Within the DLR project COMPASSO, optical clock and link technologies will be evaluated in space on the Bartolomeo platform attached to the Columbus module of the ISS. The system utilizes two iodine-based frequency references, a frequency comb, an optical laser communication and ranging terminal and a GNSS disciplined microwave reference. While COMPASSO is specifically dedicated to test optical technologies relevant for future satellite navigation (i.e. Galileo), the technologies are also crucial for future missions related to Earth observation and science. The optical frequency reference is based on modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS) of molecular iodine near a wavelength of 532 nm. An extended cavity diode laser (ECDL) at a wavelength of 1064 nm is used as light source, together with fiber-optical components for beam preparation and manipulation. The laser light is frequency-doubled and sent to a mechanically and thermally highly stable free-beam spectroscopy board which includes a 20 cm long iodine cell in four-pass configuration. The iodine reference development is lead by the DLR-Institute of Quantum Technologies and includes further DLR institutes, space industry and research institutions. Phase B of the project will be finalized soon and an Engineering Model of the iodine reference, which represents the flight models in form, fit and function, will be realized by mid 2023. The launch of the COMPASSO payload is planned for 2025. Additional presentation content can be accessed on the supplemental content page.
In June 2020 NASA has selected the VERTIAS Discovery mission to Venus for flight. The Venus Emissivity Mapper (VEM) provided by DLR together with the VISAR radar system provided by JPL are the core payload of the mission. VEM is the first flight instrument designed with a focus on mapping the surface of Venus using atmospheric windows around 1 μm wavelength. It will provide a global map of surface composition by observing with six narrow band filters from 0.86 to 1.18 μm. Continuous observation of Venus’ thermal emission will place tight constraints on current day volcanic activity. Eight additional channels provide measurements of atmospheric water vapor abundance as well as cloud microphysics and dynamics and permit accurate correction of atmospheric interference on the surface data. Combining VEM with a high-resolution radar mapper on the NASA VERITAS and ESA EnVision missions will provide key insights in the divergent evolution of Venus. After several years of pre-development including the setup of a laboratory prototype the implementation for flight has started with the qualification of the flight detectors, the review of all requirements flowdowns as well as the finalizing of spacecraft interfaces.
The Institute of Optical Sensor Systems (OS) at the Robotics and Mechatronics Center of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) has more than 35 years of experience with high-resolution imaging technology. This paper shows the institutes scientific results of the next generation of CMOS detector design in a TDI (Time Delay and Integration) architecture. This project includes the technological design of future high or multispectral resolution space-borne instruments and the possibility of higher integration. First results where published by Eckardt, et al. (1 ) 2013 and (2 ) 2014. DLR OS and the Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems in Duisburg were driving the technology of new detectors for future high resolution projects and hybridization capability in order to keep pace with the ambitious scientific and user requirements. In combination with the engineering research, the current generation of space borne sensor systems is focusing on VIS/NIR high spectral resolution to meet the requirements on earth and planetary observation systems. The combination of large swath and high-spectral resolution with intelligent synchronization control, fast-readout ADC chains and new focal-plane concepts open the door to new remote-sensing and smart deep-space instruments. The paper gives an overview over the DLR detector development and verification program on FPA level. New control possibilities for CMOS-TDI NGdetectors in synchronization control mode, and key parameters like linearity, PTC, cross talk and control effort will be discussed in detail.
KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, Light emitting diodes, Camera shutters, Signal detection, Global Positioning System, Interference (communication), Temperature metrology, Spectroscopy, Space operations
The DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS) is a new space-based hyperspectral sensor developed and operated by a collaboration between the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and Teledyne Brown Engineering (TBE). DESIS will provide hyperspectral data in the visible to near-infrared range with high resolution and near-global coverage. TBE provides the platform and infrastructure for the operation on the International Space Station (ISS), DLR has developed the instrument. This paper gives an overview of the design of the DESIS instrument together with results from the optical on-ground calibration. In-flight calibration, stability of dark signal and rolling vs. global shutter analysis will be presented.
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