Dr. Brandon K. Root Profile

Dr. Brandon K. Root

at Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2019 Presentation + Paper

Electrical impedance mapping for localizing evolving traumatic brain injury

Alicia Everitt, Brandon Root, David Bauer, Ryan Halter

Proceedings Volume 10953, 109530W (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2512292

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Traumatic brain injury, Injuries, Animal model studies, Blood, Brain mapping, Computed tomography, Tissues, Data acquisition, Instrument modeling

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Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to nearly a third of injury-related deaths, is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S., and costs the U.S. ~$60 billion annually. There are two types of TBI, focal and diffuse, each requiring drastically different treatments. The current clinical standard for monitoring severe TBI is through intracranial pressure (ICP) sensing; however, significant limitations in the ICP response have motivated investigation into more multi-modal monitoring approaches. Electrical impedance has been shown to be sensitive to pathological changes within tissue including ischemia and stroke lesions. We hypothesize that by correlating electrical impedance to intracranial volume (ICV) changes we will be able to identify onset of a focal injury and localize it within the intracerebral space, overcoming many of the current limitations in TBI monitoring. Methods: A saline phantom and porcine animal model were used with controlled volume inflation steps of a Fogarty catheter. Impedance was collected across 8 electrode sectors and spatial localization capabilities compared to inclusion location. Autologous blood was then injected to simulate an intracerebral hemorrhage and the same protocol applied. Results: The phantom successfully detected inclusion presence, volume change and location. The animal model detected inclusion change with moderate success in accurately specifying location. Conclusion: Electrical impedance was successfully able to detect changes in intracranial volume in both a phantom and animal model. Additionally, initial results show potential spatial localization capabilities enabling differentiation of focal events from diffuse injury in monitoring of traumatic brain injury.

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