Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) starts with the accumulation of lipids in liver tissues before progressing into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Transmission-reflection optoacoustic ultrasound (TROPUS) can simultaneously interrogate biological tissues with three ultrasound-based imaging modalities based on different contrast mechanisms. We propose TROPUS imaging for the assessment of NAFLD in vivo and ex vivo. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography resolves the oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, lipid and melanin content in the tissues. Reflection ultrasound computed tomography facilitates segmenting the liver by providing anatomical information. Transmission ultrasound computed tomography quantifies changes in speed of sound due to lipid accumulation.
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