The article contains a review of the achievements in the field of unconventional methods of antenna production. In particular, it concerns solutions based on 3D printing methods, screen printing, and ink-jet printing. The focus is on microwave antennas, whose widespread use in modern electronic devices for data transmission, as well as parasitic activity, allows us to assume faster implementation. Attention has been drawn to the new possibilities offered by the abovementioned methods in terms of adjusting the shape and materials used. This, in turn, affects the change of mechanical properties of the antennas. It allows to use the resulting antennas for new devices, requiring adjustment to specific working conditions.
The paper also presents more classical ways of producing antennas with a similar range of operation. This, in turn, allows for easier comparison of the collected results with the results obtained for commonly used methods.
Electrodes for measuring pH of the solution were fabricated by the means of screen-printing technology. Potentiometric sensors’ layers comprised of composite with polymer matrix and graphene nanoplatelets/ruthenium (IV) oxide nanopowder as functional phase. Transceivers were printed on the elastic PMMA foil. Regarding potential application of the sensors in the wearable devices, dynamic response of the electrodes to changing ultraviolet radiation levels was assessed, since RuO2 is reported to be UV-sensitive. Observed changes of the electrodes’ potential were of sub-millivolt magnitude, being comparable to simultaneously observed signal drift. Given this stability under varying UV conditions and previously verified good flexibility, fabricated sensors meet the requirements for wearable applications.
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