Ms. Elisabetta Boella Profile

Elisabetta Boella

at Instituto Superior Técnico

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 2013 Paper

Theoretical studies of collisionless shocks for laser-acceleration of ions

A. Stockem, F. Fiuza, E. Boella, R. Fonseca, L. Silva, C. Joshi, W. Mori

Proceedings Volume 8779, 87790B (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2018491

KEYWORDS: Ions, Electromagnetism, Plasma, Particles, Laser applications, Magnetism, Ion beams, Acoustics, Computer simulations, Physics

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Recently, strong effort has been done in exploring shock acceleration for the generation of highly energetic ion beams, with applications e.g. for medical purposes. The heating of a near-critical density plasma target with a laser, increases the electron temperature and excites ion acoustic waves, which can lead to electrostatic shock formation due to non-linear wave breaking. The higher inertia background ions are reflected and accelerated at the shock potential, showing a quasi-monoenergetic profile. For the first time, its feasibility has been demonstrated experimentally, gaining 20 MeV protons with a very narrow energy spread¹ and a predicted scaling up to 200 MeV for lasers with a₀ = 10.² In the quest for high proton energies, optimal conditions for shock formation have to be found. We developed a relativistic model that connects the initial parameters with the steady state shock Mach number, which is based on the Sagdeev approach,^{3, 4} showing an increase of the ion energy for high upstream electron temperatures and low downstream to upstream density ratios⁵ and high temperature ratios, which has been confirmed by particle-in-cell simulations. In the context of producing a quasi-monoenergetic beam profile, we studied the enhancement of the Weibel instability in an electrostatic shock setup. Governing parameter regimes for the transition to an electromagnetic shock, which is associated with a broadening of the ion spectrum, were determined analytically and confirmed with simulations.

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