In order to analyze the backscattering characteristics of graphite smoke in pulsed laser fuze, a pulsed laser fuze detection model in graphite smoke was established based on Mie scattering theory and Monte Carlo method. We simulated the graphite smoke backscattering echoes of pulsed laser fuze at various laser pulse widths and smoke visibilities. The results show that the normalized echo peak intensity of graphite smoke approximately exhibits an exponential growth relationship with the pulse width, while a power function decay relationship with the visibility. Compared with the emitted laser waveform, the graphite smoke echo waveform is distorted, presenting an asymmetrical feature with steep rising edge and gentle falling edge. Moreover, the narrower the laser pulse width, the greater the smoke visibility, and the more obvious the echo waveform asymmetry. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring ways to enhance the detection performance of pulsed laser fuze in the graphite smoke environment.
In order to solve the problem of overall measurement of smoke mass concentration field and real-time dynamic measurement, a set of method is designed, which by collecting gray scale information of smoke distribution image, and then calculating the smoke mass concentration. The experimental results show that, under a certain environmental condition, the gray scale of smoke image has a strongly related quadratic linear relationship with the laser backscatter echo voltage at the corresponding position. Moreover, combining the relationship between the laser backscatter echo voltage and the mass concentration of smoke in the same position, the mass concentration of smoke can be calculated by the value of gray scale. The method of the paper refer to, breaks through the limitation of the existing equipment which only can measure the partial mass concentration of smoke, and the method provides a basis for the development of smoke real-time dynamic measurement of smoke.
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