Ultrasound is widely used as an inexpensive, real-time method for imaging vascular tissue. However, sonographs often lack automatic or semi-automatic software for measuring vascular diameter precisely, especially in low- and mid-income countries or institutions. Tools can be developed to perform this task, but they must be validated before being accepted for clinic use. For that purpose, in this work we present low-cost phantoms that resemble vascular tissue when subjected to ultrasound. Several materials are analysed and a step-by-step recipe for building a simple phantom is presented. Qualitatively, models were imaged by an ultrasound expert physician, and several characteristic are assessed. Quantitatively, a comparison between ultrasound and caliper measurements of the phantoms is presented. Finally, a discussion about the results and the recommended materials for low-cost vascular phantoms is carried out.
Cardiovascular events are one of the main causes of death in the world. Considering that most of these events are produced by asymptomatic lesions, early and noninvasive analysis and detection of hints for such afflictions are quite desirable. In this work, we study a method known as Lagrangian Speckle Model Estimator (LSME) for assessing the full strain tensor that describes tissue motion between two states during vascular pulse. We then evaluate the results of the LSME method using computer generated images, varying certain mechanical and computational parameters. The strain maps obtained were then assessed, showing percent variation within range of the exact solution. Qualitatively, strain patterns were similar to the analytical solution. Finally, a discussion about further improvements and error causes is carried out.
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