Suelen Rosa de Oliveira, Ana Carolina Cabral de Paula Machado, Jonas Jardim de Paula, Paulo Henrique Paiva de Moraes, Maria Juliana Silvério Nahin, Lívia de Castro Magalhães, Sergio Novi, Rickson Mesquita, Débora Marques de Miranda, Maria Cândida Ferrarez Bouzada
KEYWORDS: Hemodynamics, Sensorimotor cortex, Sensors, Brain, Near infrared spectroscopy, Neurophotonics, Signal to noise ratio, Head, Statistical analysis, Pollution control
This study aimed to assess task-induced activation in motor cortex and its association with motor performance in full-term and preterm born infants at six months old. A cross-sectional study of 73 six-month-old infants was conducted (35 full-term and 38 preterm infants). Motor performance was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development third edition—Bayley-III. Brain hemodynamic activity during motor task was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Motor performance was similar in full-term and preterm infants. However, differences in hemodynamic response were identified. Full terms showed a more homogeneous unilateral and contralateral activated area, whereas in preterm-born the activation response was predominantly bilateral. The full-term group also exhibited a shorter latency for the hemodynamic response than the preterm group. Hemodynamic activity in the left sensorimotor region was positively associated with motor performance measured by Bayley-III. The results highlight the adequacy of fNIRS to assess differences in task-induced activation in sensorimotor cortex between groups. The association between motor performance and the hemodynamic activity require further investigation and suggest that fNIRS can become a suitable auxiliary tool to investigate aspects of neural basis on early development of motor abilities.
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