KEYWORDS: Image restoration, Photoacoustic tomography, Tunable filters, Data modeling, Education and training, Data acquisition, Signal filtering, Linear filtering, Image filtering, 3D modeling
Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is being actively developed for breast cancer imaging. In 3D PACT imagers for breast imaging, a hemispherical measurement geometry that encloses the breast has been employed. Such measurement data are referred to as “half-scan” data. Existing closed-form reconstruction methods assume a closed measurement aperture; however, the direct application of these methods to half-scan data results in inaccurate images with artifacts. Previous studies have demonstrated that half-scan data are “complete” in the sense that they contain sufficient information for accurate and stable reconstruction of an object contained within a hemispherical measurement aperture. However, direct closed-form methods for use with half-scan data have not been reported. Although optimization-based iterative image reconstruction methods are applicable, they are computationally intensive. In this work, for the first time, a semi-analytic image reconstruction method of filtered backprojection (FBP) form was proposed for use with half-scan PACT data. To accomplish this, the unknown data filtering operation is learned in a data-driven way by use of a linear U-Net neural network. To investigate the method, stochastic 3D numerical breast phantoms (NBPs) were used for model training and testing. As a result of the completeness of the half-scan data, we demonstrate that the learned FBP method can be widely applied, even when the to-be-reconstructed object differs considerably from those that were used to learn the data filtering. This is a key feature of the method that will enable it to have an important practical impact on PACT.
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