Dr. Shuo Wang Profile

Dr. Shuo Wang

at CASIC

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Proceedings Article | 17 October 2019 Paper

A new histogram PMHT incorporating pixel noise distribution for dim target tracking

Lifan Yin, Yiqun Zhang, Shuo Wang, Chenggang Sun

Proceedings Volume 11158, 111580Q (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2532783

KEYWORDS: Target detection, Detection and tracking algorithms, Signal to noise ratio, Point spread functions, Image sensors, Expectation maximization algorithms, Data modeling, Infrared sensors

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The histogram probabilistic multi-hypothesis tracker (H-PMHT) is an attractive multi-target tracking method which directly processes raw sensor images to detect dim targets. In the H-PMHT, the raw sensor images are converted to histograms, and then the histograms are assumed to follow the multinomial distributions parameterized by mixture density functions, in which each mixture component corresponds to a target object or clutter. Combine this measurement model with the expectation-maximization (EM) method, H-PMHT estimates the states of targets and the mixture proportions. Recently, by assuming alternative measurement models based on Poisson distribution and Interpolated Poisson distribution, researchers proposed the Poisson H-PMHT (P-HPMHT) and the Interpolated Poisson PMHT (IPPMHT) to allow for fluctuating target amplitude.

However, these methods fail to take distribution information of pixel noise into tracking consideration, which then results the degradation of detection performance. In this paper, we address this problem by modifying the measurement model of IP-PMHT to allow for incorporating statistical information of pixel noise. A key point to achieve this is that Interpolated Poisson follows a thinning property, which means that the energy from clutter can be modeled with a parameterized Interpolated Poisson in the IP-PMHT. We replace the parameterized Interpolated Poisson with a given distribution, which describes the pixel noise, and propose a new tracking method. An important feature of this new method is that it retains the advantages of the H-PMHT, meanwhile naturally incorporates the prior information about pixel noise in target tracking. Through the Monte Carlo simulations, we prove the superiority of this new method in dim target tracking.

Proceedings Article | 15 November 2017 Paper

The small low SNR target tracking using sparse representation information

Lifan Yin, Yiqun Zhang, Shuo Wang, Chenggang Sun

Proceedings Volume 10605, 1060523 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2292658

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio

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Tracking small targets, such as missile warheads, from a remote distance is a difficult task since the targets are “points” which are similar to sensor’s noise points. As a result, traditional tracking algorithms only use the information contained in point measurement, such as the position information and intensity information, as characteristics to identify targets from noise points. But in fact, as a result of the diffusion of photon, any small target is not a point in the focal plane array and it occupies an area which is larger than one sensor cell. So, if we can take the geometry characteristic into account as a new dimension of information, it will be of helpful in distinguishing targets from noise points. In this paper, we use a novel method named sparse representation (SR) to depict the geometry information of target intensity and define it as the SR information of target. Modeling the intensity spread and solving its SR coefficients, the SR information is represented by establishing its likelihood function. Further, the SR information likelihood is incorporated in the conventional Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter algorithm with point measurement. To illustrate the different performances of algorithm with or without the SR information, the detection capability and estimation error have been compared through simulation. Results demonstrate the proposed method has higher estimation accuracy and probability of detecting target than the conventional algorithm without the SR information.

Proceedings Article | 15 October 2015 Paper

An estimation of distribution method for infrared target detection based on Copulas

Shuo Wang, Yiqun Zhang

Proceedings Volume 9674, 96740S (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2197805

KEYWORDS: Target detection, Infrared detectors, Infrared radiation, Detection and tracking algorithms, Error analysis, Optoelectronics, Optical sensing, Imaging technologies, Nickel, Lutetium

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Track-before-detect (TBD) based target detection involves a hypothesis test of merit functions which measure each track as a possible target track. Its accuracy depends on the precision of the distribution of merit functions, which determines the threshold for a test. Generally, merit functions are regarded Gaussian, and on this basis the distribution is estimated, which is true for most methods such as the multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT). However, merit functions for some other methods such as the dynamic programming algorithm (DPA) are non-Guassian and cross-correlated. Since existing methods cannot reasonably measure the correlation, the exact distribution can hardly be estimated. If merit functions are assumed Guassian and independent, the error between an actual distribution and its approximation may occasionally over 30 percent, and is divergent by propagation. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel estimation of distribution method based on Copulas, by which the distribution can be estimated precisely, where the error is less than 1 percent without propagation. Moreover, the estimation merely depends on the form of merit functions and the structure of a tracking algorithm, and is invariant to measurements. Thus, the distribution can be estimated in advance, greatly reducing the demand for real-time calculation of distribution functions.

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