We experimentally investigate a highly integrated, polarization qubit based quantum key distribution system
over a real-world, 12.4 km fiber link. Our system implements quantum frames, i.e. alternating sequences of
high intensity optical pulses (classical data) and faint ones (qubits or quantum data). The classical data enables
compensation of time-varying birefringence in the fiber link, and will facilitate synchronization, time tagging,
and allow extending point-to-point quantum key distribution systems to networks. Our system can be clocked
at 980 MHz, and has demonstrated good stability over 37 hours operation. We also discuss high rate error
correction using a low-density parity-check code.
In the paper, the foundation requirement of a quantum key distribution network is described. According to the requirement, a kind of star topology quantum key distribution network is introduced. The core of this quantum network is a "router" which is composed of less than N wavelength division multiplexers. Based on the "router", a four nodes quantum key distribution network has been set up, the measurement results shown us that it is suitable for simple purpose of quantum key distribution over many users and the crosstalk is weak enough.
An experimental setup for quantum key distribution (QKD) in special optical fiber at the wavelength of 850nm was presented. The system employs the B92 protocol to establish a secret key between Alice and Bob. The key is encoded in the phase of very weak laser of average photon number 0.1 per pulse. The measured error rate is lower than 8%, the effective transmission rate is about 17bit/s.
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