Directional backlight has lots of potential applications, including dual view display, anti-spy display, and 3D display. The traditional backlight module illuminates the LCD panel with an angular divergence of around ±60°, while the required angular divergence of directional backlight for anti-spy display is less than ±30°. In this paper, the proposed backlight module is consisted of a LED linear array, a coupling prism and a backlight plate. The wavelength of the gratings are such designed that the angular divergence of the emitting light from the backlight module is limited within ±6.6°. Furthermore, the depth of the gratings is well tuned over the backlight plate so that the diffraction efficiency of the nano-gratings increases as the distance from the LED light sources increases. As a result, a uniform illumination can be achieved over an area of 5.5-inch.
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