The microlens array (MLA) scanning system is a relatively new solution for beam scanning, and are used in numerous applications, such as laser radar and optical communications. Excrescent light generated by overlapping divergent beams from adjacent microlenses increases with scanning angle and as a result, the rays do not fill the clear aperture of the MLA. The fill factor is proposed to characterize the fill rate of beams, and its effects on the point spread function (PSF) and modulation transfer function (MTF) are analyzed, this work can benefit the design and evaluation of MLA systems.
Aiming at the problem of obvious diffraction when light encounters small-diameter components during transmission, we analyze the diffraction effect of micro-lens arrays in this paper. Since the fill factor of the micro-lens array determines the amount of light entering the system, which affects the diffraction effect, and ultimately affects the imaging quality together with the diffraction of the small components, we first use the scalar diffraction theory to analyze and establish the mathematical model of the fill factor of the aperture array and propose a theoretical calculation method. According to this method, different forms of aperture arrays with the same fill factor can be given through geometric relations and system parameters, and then we use an optical analysis software VirtualLab to simulate the diffraction effect. By comparing the light intensity distribution forms and exploring the diffraction effect of the aperture array form on the imaging quality, corresponding conclusions are drawn and a more advantageous structural form is selected.
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