This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 12801, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and Conference Committee information.

In this paper, the microstructure of composite materials was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the effects of the addition of spandex waste wire on the crystallization and melting behavior of PA6 in PA6 / spandex binary system, as well as the effects of crosslinker on the crystallization and melting behavior of PA6 in composite materials were studied. The compatibility of the composite is investigated through the study of the etching surface.

The degradation of oil-paper insulation materials is the main reason leading to the fault of oil-immersed equipment. Thermal deterioration and hydrolysis are primary factors. The stability of high voltage equipment that used in northwest of China is relatively impacted by complex climate condition. The temperature in northwest varies greatly between summer and winter. The climate factors are characterized by different temperature and humidity. The main parameters of insulating material (permittivity, conductivity and tan(δ)) in different conditions are measured by frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS). The moisture content of insulation materials is calibrated by Karl Fischer Titration (KFT). The electric potential and temperature distribution of oil-immersed inverted current transformer under different climate condition are simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. The simulation result indicates that the influence of temperature and humidity on electric potential and temperature distribution is significant.

The present aim of this paper is to fabricate the surface textured journal bearing to study the tribological performance of the journal bearing. Experimental investigations are carried out to measure frictional coefficient at different rotational speed and constant radial loads. Experimental results indicate that the friction coefficient increases gradually when the speed increases at a constant load, but partial textured bearing which is set at 200º to 360 º from the top of the bearing in the rotational direction offers a better frictional performance than a bushing with full dimples and smooth bushing. The experiment shows that the bearing tribological performance has been improved with proper surface texture.

Based on the Mindlin plate theory and the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relationship, the nonlinear static equation and its iterative format of the composite siding structure in thermal environment are constructed. The 8-node serendipity unit is used to construct the structural finite element model. Buckling equilibrium path of composite siding structure is analyzed under typical boundary conditions. The results show that in the thermal environment, the thermal stress caused by the thermal expansion of the constrained structure reduces the structural stiffness, and the structural deformation after buckling increases the bending stiffness of the structure, and the natural frequency decreases first and then increases with the temperature rise. In the post-buckling stage, the thermal load causes the frequency to agglomerate. The first-order mode shape is sequentially exchanged with the adjacent higher-order modes in order of temperature rise, that is, the modal transition phenomenon, and the process and mechanism of the modal transition are analyzed.

The joint area is the weakest part of the composite component and is more susceptible to damage under impact. In this paper, the effect of impact energy on the impact resistance of the Z-pin-reinforced single-lap joint was investigated by drop hammer impact tests, combined with ultrasonic C-scan and microscopic morphological analysis of the Z-pin strengthening mechanism. It was found that Z-pin improves the impact resistance of the joint by increasing interlaminar toughness to inhibit delamination and perforation damage. Z-pin implantation reduces impact damage, resulting in a 47.1 % reduction in the damaged area of the joint. Impact loading causes damage to joints such as microcracking, delamination damage, fracture of matrix fibers, and fracture of the Z-pin.

With the rapid development of modern industry, research on high-performance materials has played a certain promoting role. This article selects common hollow round tube steel on the market, and uses carbon fiber cloth wrapping to form a laminated material for three-point bending experiments. The specimens tested include 8mm thick steel, 4mm thick steel plus 2mm thick carbon fiber cloth, reduced-weight 6mm thick steel, and materials composed of carbon fiber cloth only. By comparing the experimental results, it is concluded that the performance of the carbon fiber composite specimens is significantly better than that of the steel specimens of the same weight, both for the steel weight-reducing specimens and for the steel specimens wrapped with carbon fiber. This article uses computer finite element simulation to optimize the size of the three-dimensional model, and determine the laying angle and number of layers of carbon fiber, Next, analyze the simulation results, and finally analyze the source of errors and draw conclusions through comparative experimental data.

This paper designed a wood plastic composite through process experiments under different process conditions. The influence of different process conditions on the mechanical properties of wood plastic composite materials was analyzed using the grey correlation analysis method to determine the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of wood plastic composite materials.

The conventional single-point diamond turning of tungsten carbide has low efficiency and serious tool wear. Therefore, in this paper, a self-designed in-situ laser-assisted turning device was used to machine tungsten carbide, and the effects of spindle speed and laser power on the machined surface quality were investigated in the machining. The experimental results show that the machined surface quality becomes better as the spindle speed increases, and the laser-assisted turning can improve the machined surface quality, but the excessive laser power will cause surface damage and tool wear.

Driven by the eagerness of investigation of the interface bonding strength between inclusion (HfO₂) and matrix (Ni) in DZ125 nickel-based superalloy, we explored the adhesion work, interface energy and electronic bonding characteristics of HfO₂ (001)/Ni (001) by first principles. Six interface models with different terminations (Hf- and O-terminated) and stacking modes (top- and center-) were established, namely Hf-top-1, Hf-center-1, Hf-top-2, Hf-center-2, O-top-1, Ocenter-1. The results show that Hf-center-2 is the most stable model with maximum adhesion work (9.8 J/m²) and minimum interfacial energy (-1.49~5.29 J/m2 ). The electronic structure analysis indicates that the relatively stable Hf-Ni metal bonds at the interface of Hf-center-2 model was formed. Finally, the potential of heterogeneous nucleation of HfO₂ on the Ni matrix are proved from the perspective of atomic and electronic

The Fabry-Pérot (F-P) cavity structure has drawn wide interest because of its ability to tune a variety of bright colors. However, the too strong interference effect generated results in a much high color saturation with a little adjustable range, not suitable for some applications with delicate display. In this paper, cavity designs with semiconductors (Si and GST) and metal (Al) as the base were discussed and it demonstrated that the F-P interference effect occurs not only on highly reflective metals but also on semiconductors. The study provides a novel idea for the color display of F-P structure.

With the significant increase in the use of composite materials in engineering applications, the damage problem of composite materials under low-velocity impact loading has received extensive attention. This paper sorts out the more commonly used low-velocity impact analysis methods for composites in recent years, and briefly introduces the design principles, advantages and disadvantages, and the scope of application of each method, and finally summarizes the introduced low-velocity impact analysis methods for composites and some suggestions for future development, expecting to provide useful references for the subsequent development of low-velocity impact analysis methods for composites.

NiTi alloy has unique super elasticity and shape memory, and is widely used in aerospace, biomedical and intelligent control fields. At present, the mainstream selective laser melting technology (SLM) can prepare NiTi alloy with complex structure, but the surface roughness is poor, which needs to be processed by electrochemical polishing. In order to optimize the electrochemical polishing process parameters, Box-Behnken response surface was used for regression analysis in this paper. Surface roughness was used as an evaluation index to analyze the influence of voltage, temperature, and reaction time on roughness. Based on the results of electrochemical polishing experiments, a prediction model for surface roughness was established and its response surface graph was obtained, the significance of the prediction model and parameters was tested using analysis of variance. The results indicate that the model can effectively predict the surface roughness of SLM-NiTi alloy after electrochemical polishing, and the best parameters are as follows: the voltage is 13.5V, the temperature is 27.7 C  , and the reaction time is 53 seconds, which lays the foundation for high efficiency and high quality polishing of SLM-NiTi alloy, and has important scientific significance and research value for expanding the application of SLM-NiTi alloy parts.

The precision machining technology of hard turning has always been concerned by scientific research institutions and manufacturing industries. Based on the single factor experiment, the wear of CBN tool, morphology of machined surface, residual stress during hard turning of W6Mo5Cr4V2 are analyzed by scanning electron microscope, ultra depth of field microscope, laser confocal electron microscope and X-ray residual stress instrument. The research results indicate that: (1) Adhesion, oxidation and friction in hard turning are the main causes of tool wear, the most significant turning parameter that affects the wear of CBN tool is turning speed. (2) High machining velocity, small feed and small cutting depth can obtain good machined surface quality. (3) The axial and tangential residual stresses produced by hard turning are mainly compressive stresses. When the turning depth is approximately 0.19mm, the tangential residual compressive stress is transformed into tensile stress.

For various molecular separations, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) shown exceptional stability and great performance. Given the density disparity between the fillers and the polymer solution, the polymer matrix tends to enrich on the upper surface domain of MMMs, impairing the membrane performance. In this study, the long-distance and dynamic lowtemperature (LDDLT) plasma treatment was used to etch the asymmetric surface of ZIF-8/PEBA MMMs for improved ethanol permselective pervaporation. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the crystal structure, morphology, and chemical composition of the membranes. The separation layer's thickness decreased and the amount of ZIF-8 on the separation layer raised after the LDDLT plasma etching. For separating 3 wt% ethanol aqueous solution at 40 oC, the etched ZIF-8/PEBA MMMs exhibited a good permeation flux of 1320 g·m^-2 ·h^-1 and a separation factor of 5.1. These results reveal that plasma etching will precisely adjust the surface of MMMs for better membrane performance.

Butyl rubber products are widely used, have good development prospects, and the demand is increasing year by year. However, the catalysts used in its production process decompose highly corrosive media, causing corrosion and cracking of its equipment. The final cooler, an important piece of equipment for this production unit, suffered a heat exchanger tube burst, causing the unit to stop. The failed heat exchanger tube was subjected to a series of experimental studies including hardness testing, metallographic analysis, fracture and spectral analysis, and analysis of the corrosive media and scouring conditions in its working environment. The results show that there are more inclusions and a certain degree of sensitization in the heat exchanger tube organization, resulting in the weakening of its grain boundaries, corrosion resistance is reduced. Combined with the corrosive environment and the combined effect of media scouring, the grain detachment, microcracking, with the increase in service time, the local strength of the heat exchanger tube can not meet the requirements, resulting in bursting.

In order to improve the service life of high Al-Zn sinking rollers, four layer WC particles reinforced Ni-based alloy gradient coatings of Ni60A, Ni60A+10% Ni-WC, Ni60A+20% Ni-WC, Ni60A+30% Ni-WC were prepared on the surface of the sinking roller using coaxial powder feeding laser cladding technology. The microstructure and phase composition of the Ni60A/Ni-WC gradient coatings were studied using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the microstructure of each gradient layer is composed of γ-Ni dendrite, multicomponent eutectic structure and reinforced phase of dispersed distribution. The number of reinforced phases gradually increases and the number of dendrites gradually decreases in the gradient coating from bottom to top. The main generated phases in Ni60A/Ni-WC gradient coatings are γ-Ni dendrite; eutectic composition of γ-Ni with Ni₃B, Ni₃Si, etc; reinforced phases of M₆C, M₇C₃, M₂₃C₆, CrB, etc. Due to the gradient distribution of the original WC content and the dissolution of WC particles, the types of reinforced phases in the gradient coating also show a hierarchical distribution.

The moisture absorption behaviors of one-way fiber-up T300/ QY8911 composite were studied in the hygrothermal environment. The morphology of interface between carbon fiber and resin in the absorption processes was observed with scanning electron microscope. The change of glass transition temperature (Tg) with aging time was studied by dynamic mechanics analysis. The variation of tensile and bending properties with aging time was studied by mechanical testing machine. The results show that the diffusivity increases with the high temperature and humidity. With aging test the interface between carbon fiber and resin decreases, Chemical structure had almost no change. The performance of the tensile material related to fiber decreases the slowest and does not conform to the exponential decay law, while the performance closely related to the matrix changes quickly and complies with the exponential degradation law. The generalized Arrhenius equation can be used to predict the life under the condition of wet and thermal dual stress coupling.

The C919 aircraft reflects the combination of maturity and advanced in the selection of structural materials, and adopts a large number of third-generation aluminum-lithium alloy materials marked by 2060, which has the advantages of high specific stiffness and high specific strength. During aircraft operation, low-energy impactors such as hail and gravel can hit the surface of the aircraft, forming minor pit defects at the skin and forming local stress concentrations, thereby significantly reducing the fatigue life of the aircraft structure. In this paper, the 2mm thick 2060 aluminum-lithium alloy skin is used as the research object, the impact test is carried out first, and the fatigue test is carried out after the impact is completed, and the finite element model is established in the ABAQUS software to simulate the impact, and the nominal stress and stress concentration factor of the dangerous part are clarified, and the fatigue life prediction is carried out by the nominal stress method, and compared with the fatigue test results, the results show that the life prediction by the nominal stress method can provide a reference for the regular maintenance of the aircraft.

By adding a glass microsphere that was modified by different methods to a polyurethane foam system, a hollow glass microsphere/polyurethane foam composite was prepared. The effect of the modified method, the additive amount of glass microsphere on the burning and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam was studied. The results show that after adding a glass microsphere, the mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam were reduced, and the combustion performance was improved. Comparing adding a hollow glass microsphere that modified by adding microcapsules to the coupling agent, the mechanical properties of polyurethane composite foam were declined slowly, and the inflame-retarding effect was also significantly improved. When the additive amount of hollow glass microsphere modified by microcapsules was 6%, the compressive strength and compressive modulus of polyurethane foam were decreased by 13.0% and 4.6% respectively. When the amount of hollow glass microsphere modified by microcapsules was 8%, the level combustion weightlessness speed of polyurethane declined from 0.024g/s to 0.015g/s.

The corrosion process of 304 stainless steel was considered to be mainly composed of the diffusion of corrosion solution to the reaction interface through the corrosion layer and the corrosion reaction between corrosion solution and stainless steel at the reaction interface, and and based on this, the dynamic equation of stainless steel corrosion process was established. The corrosion process of 304 stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution at 303.15K, 313.15K and 323.15K was analyzed by electrochemical method, and the diffusion coefficient and reaction constant at different temperatures were calculated according to the corrosion experimental results and the established kinetic model. The results showed that the diffusion of corrosion solution through the corrosion layer was the limiting link in the whole stainless steel corrosion process, and the activation energy of chemical reaction between corrosion solution and stainless steel was 28.42KJ/mol .

In this work, one-dimensional YFeO₃ nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The phase structure, microstructure and thermal stability of the samples were studied by XRD, SEM and TG-DSC, and the influence of electrospinning parameters on the diameter of nanofibers was investigated. The effects of temperature, gas type and concentration on the gas-sensitive properties of YFeO₃ nanofibers were studied.

Based on the surface energy model, the surface effect is introduced. Through the principle of minimum potential energy, the control equations and boundary conditions of nano-switch considering surface effect, temperature change and temperature correction Casimir force are established. The nonlinear differential equation is solved by homotopy perturbation method. The results show that the increase of temperature will reduce the pull-in voltage of the nano-switch; the surface effect will increase the pull-in voltage of the nano-switch. And as the structure size increases, the pull-in voltage also increases. The Casimir force considering thermal correction will reduce the pull-in voltage, and its influence will increase with the increase of the distance between the two electrodes. Considering the edge effect of the electric field will also reduce the pull-in voltage value. This provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the pull-in characteristics of nano-switch and the design, calibration and application of nano-switch.

Refractory high entropy alloys have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, while they are often restrained in engineering applications because of their poor ductility at room temperature as well as relatively high density. Equiatomic VNbTaTi alloy has exhibited outstanding combination of high-temperature strength and room temperature ductility, but its density 9.1 g/cm³ is still higher than several traditional refractory alloys. In this work, we develop a novel (VNb)₈₀(TaTi)₂₀ alloy in the as-cast state exhibiting an ultimate tensile strength of 921 MPa, combined with desired fracture elongation of 28% and uniform elongation of 13.1% at room temperature. The density of this alloy is only 8.1 g/cm³ , granting it superior specific strength at elevated temperatures, i.e., reaching 45 MPa·cm³ /g at 1100 °C.

Laser additive manufacturing (AM) attracts great attention for its capacity of complex geometry fabrication and multiple microstructure control. This study investigates the columnar to equiaxed grain transition and its effect on the mechanical property of laser additive manufactured TiZrVNbAl lightweight high-entropy alloy (HEA). The columnar to equiaxed grain transition could occur and the equiaxed grain size could be refined to about 55 μm when the scanning line distance was increased. The fine equiaxed grain was beneficial to increase the strength and work hardening rate, which is related to the inhibition effect of the grain boundary on the dislocation slip.

By means of different conditions in the marine environment, such as tidal and atmosphere, the test effects of steel are analyzed and compared, and the stress corrosion cracking and corrosion behavior of X80 steel are further studied. Final results show that the environmental difference is mainly due to the effect of the electrolyte layer on the steel surface. The corrosion rate of steel is the highest in tidal zone due to oxygen diffusivity and solution washing. SCC susceptibility of X80 steel in atmosphere environment is the highest, followed by that in tidal zone and the SCC susceptibility in immersion environment is the lowest. Large pits appear on the steel surface under atmosphere environment, leading to the most serious SCC susceptibility.

In order to improve the performance of the plasma-sprayed Ni60A/Ni-WC composite coatings on the surface of high AlZn sinking roller, the as-sprayed Ni60A/Ni-WC coatings were treated using laser remelting technology, and the influential effects of laser remelting on the microstructure and performance of the Ni60A/Ni-WC coating was studied. The surface morphologies, microstructure, and microhardness of the Ni60A/Ni-WC coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microhardness tester. The high-temperature friction and wear characteristics of the Ni60A/Ni-WC coatings were also investigated. The results show that laser remelting treatment eliminates the defects such as lamellar structure and pores of the as-sprayed Ni60A/Ni-WC coatings, and the coatings density is improved. In addition, under the action of the high energy density laser, WC particles partially melt and precipitate dendritic structures around WC particles. The microhardness of Ni60A/Ni-WC coatings after laser remelting treatment are significantly improved, and their wear resistance are also significantly higher than that of the as-sprayed coatings.

Polyolefin elastomer (POE) is a type of thermoplastic elastomer made by copolymerizing ethylene and α-olefin. It is highly processable like other thermoplastics, but also has rubber-like elasticity, making it an ideal material for future societal demands. This review highlights recent advances in catalytic systems used for producing POE, including evaluations of both domestic and foreign catalysts and their performance. Additionally, the review highlights the key advantages and applications of POE. Future research should focus on the synthesis of new POE catalysts to further enhance this material.

Nano-photocatalytic suspension systems have been a research hotspot. However, we found that there existed a problem of insufficient light penetration distance in this system. In this paper, we explored immobilization of CdS/SrWO4 nanoparticles on nano-cellulose to prepare a photocatalyst which can float on water and be easily separated. Next, its application in the photocatalytic H2 generation was studied deeply. From the results above, we can conclude that the as-prepared sample possesses satisfactory photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution. In addition, the process of separating the photocatalyst from the reaction system and converting into a high quality catalyst film on a solid substrate is easy. This indicates that our immobilization technique is promising and may be extended to the immobilization of other catalytic systems.

In this study, DCM was chosen as the probe reactant, and a series of catalyst materials were synthesized using the impregnation method. The interplay between active transition metal oxide components and acidic supports was examined via activity testing. The results indicated that the catalysts required exceptional surface acidity and redox properties to degrade DCM. Through screening, three species and supports exhibiting outstanding activity were identified. Among them, Co species displayed excellent oxidizing performance for CO, augmenting the yield of CO₂; Ce species demonstrated remarkable degradation activity for DCM, albeit with weaker CO oxidation capabilities; while zeolite molecular sieves, possessing abundant acid sites and a unique pore structure, were more conducive to the catalytic degradation of DCM.

This paper investigates the effect of different heat exposure temperatures (150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃) and time (1h~100h) on mechanical properties and microstructure of 2014-T6 aluminum alloy. The room temperature and elevated temperature tensile strength losses under various heat exposure process were measured, revealing the microstructure changes of the alloy, the appropriate operating temperature for the alloy were discussed as well. The results indicate that the 2014-T6 aluminum alloy is able to operate within 1 hour from 150 ℃ to 200 ℃ with no significant changes in mechanical properties. As the exposure temperature increases from 150 ℃ to 250 ℃, the room temperature and elevated temperature tensile properties of 2014-T6 aluminum alloy show a downward trend, while the conductivity show an upward trend in contrast. After exposed at 150 ℃ for 1 to 100 hours, there were no significant changes in tensile properties and electrical conductivity. When exposed at 200 ℃~250 ℃ for 1-100 hours, the alloy suffer to a strength loss. After exposed at 200 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 100 hours, the yield strength of room temperature decreased by 34.4% and 73.7%, the tensile strength decreased by 21.9% and 54.4%, the yield strength of elevated temperature decreased by 31.1% and 71.9%, and the tensile strength decreased by 26.5% and 68.1% respectively. Meanwhile, the conductivity increased by 13.2% and 24.1% respectively. The main precipitates in 2014-T6 alloy are θ’ phases, after exposed at 200 ℃/10h, the coarsening of the phases lead to a decrease in mechanical properties of the alloy. Under the experimental conditions of K_t=1 and R=0.1, the fatigue limit after 200 ℃/10h thermal exposure is 298MPa, which is 17.5% lower than the fatigue limit of 361MPa before thermal exposure.

When a civil aircraft encounters lightning, catastrophic hazards may occur. Especially with the application of massive composite materials, the aircrafts face more and more serious threats in lightning environment. So the manufacturers of the aircrafts must pay design cost to protect them from lightning. The self-diagnosis, self-adaptation and deformation capability of the intelligent materials can change the conduct path of lightning current through structural deformation to avoid the main path of current flowing through the key parts and systems. While its self-healing capability can repair the structural cracks and other damages caused by lightning strikes in time. It has good application prospects in the field of civil aircraft lightning protection.

Experimental strain testing of composite shells under 15MPa hydrostatic pressure was conducted using both strain gauges and underwater 3D-DIC (Digital Image Correlation) testing technology. The experimental results showed a large error in the measurement results of strain gauges when small-sized components were present in the test area of the experimental object. The average standard deviation of the strain results was 716.1 με and the average standard deviation of the Mises stress results was 120.9 MPa. However, the strain results of the underwater 3D-DIC test system in the circumferential direction of the composite shell were generally consistent. This proves that the system can maintain good test accuracy even under high hydrostatic pressure environments.

The friction-wear performance of friction pair materials of the foundation brake gear is an important guarantee for the operation safety of trains. In this paper, a customized friction-wear test bench was applied to carry out friction braking tests under different speed conditions. Besides, a thermo-mechanical-wear coupled model was established to simulate tests. By comparing and analyzing test results and FE (finite element) simulation results, the thermo-mechanical performance and friction-wear performance of brake friction pair material were studied.

The lack of fiber restraint during the preparation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin composite filaments makes the fibers inside the composite filaments prone to curl and deflection, which affects the mechanical properties of the composites. This study aimed to investigate the impact of fiber tension on the tensile properties of continuous aramid fiber (CAF) /nylon 12(PA12) resin composite filaments and molded parts. Tensile properties experiments of tensile specimens were conducted in conjunction with acoustic emission (AE) instruments and computed tomography (CT). The results showed that the tensile properties of the CAF/PA12 composite filament and its specimens rose first with the increasing of fiber tension during the filament preparation and then fell. The tensile strength of the CAF/PA12 composite filament reached the maximum value of 1272.05 MPa at the fiber tension of 3 N, which was about 15.92% higher than that without fiber tension, the maximum tensile breaking load of the tensile specimens is 15.31kN, which is about 16.47% higher than that without fiber tension. Using AE to collect the energy signal during the damage process. It is observed that the medium energy signal appears lagged when the fiber tension is too high, when there is a hysteresis in the medium energy signal, which means that the strength of the interfacial bond between the fiber and the resin is increased. CT scans of the composite filaments prepared at different fiber tensions revealed that when the fiber tension increased from 0N to 3N, the bent fibers inside the filaments decreased and the fiber orientation coefficient increased; when the fiber tension was further increased to 5N, some fibers broke and more pores appeared inside the filaments.

To delve into the key parameters of PROTOS-M5 tipping glue YNJZ-8 for machine adaptability, it was imperative that seeking the optimal index combination for machine adaptability. The method is guided by the machine adaptability of tobacco materials, the quality control of tobacco materials is moved to the front end of the procurement of raw and auxiliary materials, and suppliers are jointly involved in the analysis and research on the "depth + breadth" of the index, aiming to improve the machine adaptability of tobacco materials on the basis of qualification. Within the industry control index range of tipping glue YNJZ-8, the internal control of the upper limit or lower limit of the index has little impact on the machine adaptability of PROTOS-M5, while the rheological performance outside the internal control index range significantly improved the machine adaptability of PROTOS-M5. Briefly, the rheological performance of the tipping glue index is the most important factor affecting the machine adaptability of PROTOS-M5.

With the rapid development of optical fiber and solid-state laser, more and more researchers began to add Nd³⁺ to the borate glass for tuning for commercial application. In this paper, the glass with different concentration of Sb³⁺ was prepared. Nd³⁺ and Sb³⁺ were successfully doped into the glass network. Subsequently, the absorption properties of boric acid glass samples were measured. The results show that increasing the concentration of Sb³⁺ doping can adjust the absorption properties of boric acid glass.

A new fiber was designed and synthesized by using 2, 5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid instead of terephthalic acid as monomer in the structure of Polyp-phenyl dioxazole (PBO) fiber and introducing homophenic acid as the third monomer. The fiber has a network structure due to the introduction of homophenic acid as the third monomer, and the introduction of two hydroxyl groups on the p-benzene group, which effectively improves the compressive strength of the fiber. This work includes synthesis route, characterization of intermediates by NMR spectroscopy and infrared testing of prepolymers. On the basis of maintaining the excellent properties of PBO fiber, the fiber can effectively increase the compressive properties of PBO fiber and further expand the application prospect of PBO fiber.

In this paper, Tb³⁺/Dy³⁺ doped SiO₂-B₂O₃-YF₃-CaO system glass was prepared by high temperature melting method. The structure and physical properties of the glass were analyzed by XRD and transmissivity spectrum. The luminescence characteristics of glass samples were characterized by emission spectrum. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the glass is a disordered amorphous substance. The average transmittance of the glass samples is about 81%. At 378 nm excitation, the best luminous intensity of SBCY series glass samples was obtained at 15% YF₃ concentration. Based on this study, the optimal substrate doping concentration of SBCY series glass is further determined, which provides a potential reference value for further improving the luminescence characteristics of borosilicate glass.

The energy crisis has gradually been reflected in all aspects. It is urgent to develop efficient and clean new energy to reduce the dependence on fossil energy. As a kind of material which can directly convert solar energy or other light energy into electric energy, organic photovoltaic material is becoming a kind of low-carbon energy material with great application prospect. While machine learning can improve the efficiency of material design in the search for new high performance organic photovoltaic materials, its predictive power is severely limited by developing and selecting descriptors. An end-to-end deep learning model has been constructed to predict the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic materials using algorithms such as cyclic neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and graph neural networks. The constructed model can directly extract the structural information of compounds from Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) symbols, molecular images and molecular graph networks, without the need to manually develop and select descriptors. Our model can not only accurately predict the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic materials (the determination coefficients of the optimal model and the test set prediction are both > 0.73) and can identify key structural features that affect conversion efficiency. The research results can provide solutions for the design of new photovoltaic materials.

An alloy with the composition of 49.6Ni-35.4Ti-9Hf-6Ta (at%) was processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) and post-HPT annealing treatment. The microhardness of HPT-processed samples increased obviously, and amorphous feature appeared in 2 turns sample. The microhardness further increased and amorhozation was enhanced in 16 turns sample. After annealing at 750 ℃ for 3h, almost full crystallization occurs in 16 turns sample. In-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction experiment reveals that martensite to austenite transformation took place, indicating the alloy would exhibit SMA effect.

In order to investigate the aging performance of dry reactors under high intensity Ultraviolet radiation, aging tests of dry reactor materials under ultraviolet were carried out. Different materials include epoxy resin materials, epoxy resin composites and coated vulcanized flake materials. The results showed a decrease in the mechanical properties of the encapsulated material for dry reactors and an "increasing-decreasing-increasing" trend in the dielectric constant after aging. There was a small increase in the dielectric loss angle with aging time. In the case of vulcanized sheets, both hydrophobicity and tensile strength decreased with aging. In order to ensure the operational reliability of dry reactors under strong UV conditions, it is necessary to take UV protection measures.

Pulsed eddy current (PEC) detection technology has been widely applied in nuclear power, petrochemical, and other fields. PEC has a high detection rate for large-area corrosion and thinning. However, since the PEC detection results mainly provide the average wall thickness of the probe's focal area, its capability to detect local corrosion defects and pitting is relatively low. In this paper, for ferromagnetic materials, we propose a method based on area weighting to subdivide the region of interest and perform imaging correction on the detection data of local defects, to make the measured values of local defect pulsed eddy current closer to the true wall thickness.

TiCrAlNbSi alloy coating is a high-temperature corrosion-resistant material. This study investigates the method of preparing high-entropy TiCrAlNbSi alloy coating on Ti6Al4V substrate and evaluates its high-temperature oxidation performance. The experiment uses an alloy target and Si target magnetron sputtering method to prepare TiCrAlNbSi alloy coating, optimizes sputtering power and other process parameters, and characterizes the structure and high-temperature resistance of the coating. The results show that the coating is dense and uniform with smooth surface, and has the characteristics of high entropy composition. In the high-temperature oxidation test, the coating exhibited good oxidation resistance, and the oxide product was dense and uniform, without obvious peeling and falling off on the surface of the coating. In summary, the method of magnetron sputtering to prepare high-entropy TiCrAlNbSi alloy coating on Ti6Al4V substrate has good high-temperature oxidation performance and has application prospects.

As natural gas mining conditions become more demanding, the concentration of corrosive media in the extracts continues to increase, causing the corrosion of pipelines and other equipment to become increasingly prominent, bringing great safety hazards to equipment and personnel used in gas gathering stations. Therefore, carrying out the cause analysis of elbow defects and studying the law of damage development have important research value and engineering significance for ensuring the safety of gas gathering stations. This paper takes the forged elbow of natural gas gathering station as the research object, and carries out the research on the internal corrosion mechanism of the elbow from two aspects of medium corrosivity and multiphase flow corrosion. The effects of CO₂, H₂S, and Cl- on the electrochemical corrosion of elbows are respectively revealed, the distribution law of medium velocity, water phase and wall shear force in the elbow is analyzed emphatically by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and furthermore, the distribution of serious corrosion area in the elbow is discussed. In addition, the corresponding corrosion protection measures are proposed from four aspects of material selection, process structure optimization design, medium composition analysis, and regular inspection and testing.

With the implementation of China's "double carbon" strategy, the low emission and peaking capability of gas turbines have received wide attention. In order to achieve zero carbon emission of gas turbine, this paper studies the effect of hydrogen combustion on the performance of gas turbine, and simulates the effect of inlet gas temperature on the flow field, outlet temperature distribution, pressure loss and pollutant emission under the condition of constant power of hydrogen gas turbine through numerical simulation of a certain type of gas turbine by fluent. The results show that with a constant fuel mass flow rate, the inlet and outlet velocities of the combustion chamber increase significantly with increasing inlet gas temperature, which does not significantly affect the reflux zone, but changes the velocity distribution, making the radial velocity distribution centrosymmetric. In addition, the hot spot indicator gradually decreases, the temperature distribution of the gas exiting the combustion chamber becomes more uniform and the gas quality gradually improves, but the pressure loss and NOx pollutant emissions gradually increase. The combustion characteristics and emission characteristics of the gas turbine combustion chamber under full hydrogen combustion are derived from numerical simulations in this study, which provide a reference for future gas turbine fuel changes and hydrogen doping design.

Styrene butadiene rubber ( SBR ) is widely utilized in the field of vibration and noise reduction, and has shown its potertial in sound absorption under water pressure. For this study, SBR samples with 10% to 25% styrene content were prepared. The effect of styrene content in SBR on sound absorption performance under hydrostatic pressure was investigated. By characterizing the impact of hydrostatic pressure on the dynamic mechanical properties of SBR, the reasons for the subpar sound absorption performance of SBR under high hydrostatic pressure were analyzed. The results show that the sound absorption peak of SBR relocated to high frequency with increase in styrene content at atmospheric pressure. And due to the decrease of loss factor and the increase of stored energy modulus of SBR under high hydrostatic pressure, its sound absorption performance decreases under high hydrostatic pressure.

In the braking system of commercial vehicles, electronic braking system (EBS) has the advantages of accurate braking demand response, fast braking response time and reasonable braking force distribution, and has been widely used. In EBS, the braking force is usually completed by the electronic control pressure regulator. As the core component of the electronic control pressure regulator, the performance of the pressure regulator directly affects the overall performance of EBS, so it is very important. This paper describes the braking force regulation principle of EBS system and the working principle of pressure regulating valve. The structure of pressure regulating valve is analyzed, and the application of pressure regulating valve in EBS is expounded.

At present, the operation mode of the heating unit is often determined by heat, but the method of thermal power generation results in insufficient peak shaving capacity of the unit. As a means of energy storage, the thermal storage tank can realize thermoelectric decoupling of the thermal power unit to a certain extent. This article first analyzes the operating principle and thermal system of the heat storage device, and takes the actual operating data of a 300MW heating unit as an example, modeling in EBSILON software, analysis and calculation of safe operation area and thermal economy of heating unit. Then this model is added to the heat storage device, and the various parameter data of the unit after the heat storage device is configured can be obtained through the variable condition meter of the thermal system. By comparing the thermal economy indexes of power generation heat consumption rate, total heat consumption rate, power generation coal consumption rate and total coal consumption rate with and without heat storage devices, the results show that the configuration of heat storage devices can reduce the power generation heat consumption rate and power generation coal consumption rate, and improve the thermal economy of heating units.

In order to investigate the relationship between the mistuning of the aeroengine compressor multistage bladed disk structure and the maximum amplitude of vibration response, a three-stage bladed disk lumped parameter model with inter-stage coupling was established, and Monte Carlo sampling technique was used to simulate the random mistuning mode of the stiffness of the bladed disk system. The vibration response of the three-stage blending-disk system in the harmonic and mistuning state is obtained by analyzing the vibration response of each vibration mode. The results show that the amplitude of the bladed disk system can be reduced by increasing the damping value. In the case of mistuning, the displacement of the bladed disk system and the maximum amplitude of spectrum analysis are larger than those in the case of harmonic. With the gradual increase of the standard deviation of stiffness mistuning, the system response displacement is gradually enhanced, and the maximum response amplitude is obtained at the upper bound point of mistuning strength. So, there is no so-called mistuning 'threshold' condition.

With the fast progress of electric vehicles, the load of charging stations plays an increasingly important impact on the power grid. To guarantee the safe operation of power grid, a prediction model with the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is investigated. Firstly, considering that there exist strong randomness and volatility in the data of electric vehicles charging load, we adopt the VMD algorithm to decompose the data into three modal components, for reducing the complexity of original data. In addition, decomposition error is also been decomposed into two modal components, for extracting the hidden information in the error. Thus, five subsequences are respectively predicted by the LSTM method, and summation the prediction results constitutes the forecasting of the charging load. Furthermore, experimental analysis indicates that the model is more appropriate for predicting the charging load.

In order to better study the importance of coupling to the driving device of dry powder screw conveyor, the design and calculation of the driving device are carried out in this paper. As the important connecting parts of the driving device: the elastic pin coupling and the drum gear coupling, on the basis of finite element analysis and experimental research, the rotational speed and radial offset of the drum gear coupling are experimentally studied in this paper. The simulation results show that the driving device designed in this paper can meet the actual operation requirements, and the material selection is reasonable, which provides a theoretical basis for future design and engineering practice.

Scuffing is a common failure for the high-speed gears, which cannot be accurately predicted by current criteria. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the anti-scuffing capacity of the helical gear pairs considering profile modification. A series of comparative tests under the same lubrication and operating conditions were proposed for these test gearsets, which have the same macrogeometry and different modification. In doing so, the effects of relief amount, the starting point of profile modification and the type of tip relief on the anti-scuffing capacity of gears are obtained. In addition, it is found that scuffing also has a “direction” with sliding, and is more prone to occur when meshes out by observing the surface of scuffing.

Facing the production status of textile enterprises, this paper establishes a flexible job shop scheduling model that comprehensively considers the dual resource constraints of equipment and personnel, to minimize the maximum completion time and balance equipment load. This paper designs an NSGA-II algorithm with an improved non-dominated sorting congestion degree calculation method to solve it. The enterprise case proves that the scheduling scheme obtained by considering the dual resource constraints is more in line with the actual production requirements of the enterprise. The improved NSGA-II algorithm can effectively solve the production scheduling problem of textile enterprises, reduce the maximum completion time, reduce the load of suppliers, and have good comprehensive scheduling performance.

Beat up mechanism is a mechanism that uses the reciprocating reed system to beat the weft yarn to the weft. It affects the vibration of the loom to a large extent, and then affects the efficiency and service life of the loom. In order to study the influence of beating up mechanism on the vibration of the loom, a dynamic model of four-bar beating up mechanism is established, the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the beating up mechanism are analyzed using MATLAB, and the vibration parameters of the spindle point and the cycloidal point are solved. Combined with the beating up process, a comprehensive analysis of the four-bar beating up mechanism is carried out, which provides a reference for the vibration analysis of the follow-up mechanism and the design of the balance scheme.

In order to find out the effect of unbalanced eccentricity on the dynamic performance of inclined cracked rotor, a respiratory crack modeling method based on the crack open-closed line theory was used to establish the dynamic model of a typical double-disk rotor with cracks, and a comparative calculation of different schemes of unbalanced eccentricity was carried out. The results show that the increase of the unbalance eccentricity will lead to the increase of the transverse amplitudes of the double-disc rotor system, in which the fundamental frequency component of the transverse vibration is significantly carried, and the main frequency component also changes from the dominant position of twice frequency to the dominant position of fundamental frequency.

The emergence of rotary steering drilling system is well adapted to the needs of high-difficult drilling operations in directional wells. Buckling analysis of bottom hole assembly can guide drilling operation and has guiding significance for field application of rotary steering drilling system. Based on the structure of a push-type rotary steering system, this paper uses Abaqus finite element software to solve the buckling mode of RSBHA and further solve the critical buckling load of RSBHA.

Fracturing technology can increase the benefits of developing unconventional low-grade resources. However, while fracturing increases the benefits of field development, the problem of casing failure also arises. To investigate the influencing factors of casing failure during oilfield development, this paper constructs a finite element model of casing-cement ring-formation combination and simulates the stress and casing deformation distribution of casing after fracturing for the three cases of formation elastic modulus, construction pressure, and cement ring elastic modulus during fracturing. The results show that the casing load increases as the formation elastic modulus decreases and that the casing stress decreases as the cement ring elastic modulus increases. The construction pressure is an important factor affecting the casing load and displacement. Control of the construction pressure within 90MPa can effectively reduce casing damage

The measurement of friction on the surface at micro-load is significant to reveal the tribological properties of sample surface. Based on the traditional wedge method, a standard grating is used to calibrate the lateral force of the AFM and the method of solving lateral calibration factor α is given when considering the influence of the adhesive force on the calibration. What’s more, the friction between the probe and silicon surface is measured under oil lubrication. The result shows that the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of the load, and becomes stable when the load is larger than 2.5μN, the lateral calibration factor α fluctuates greatly under the influence of the load. Under the condition of pentaerythritol oleate lubrication, the friction between probe and silicon surface is directly proportional to the load, and the sliding speed of probe has no obvious effect on the friction.

In order to meet the requirements of wrist flexibility with variable stiffness in unstructured environment, a permanent magnetic spherical robot joint wrist is proposed based on the fixed axis effect of magnetic field rotation, aiming at the existing problems of complex spherical Specifically, it is a kind of robot spherical wrist device that can realize sidesway and pitch rotation of two degrees of freedom through the radial magnetized permanent magnet built in the servo mechanism at the output end of the cross universal rotation magnetic field under the direct drive of the coaxial servo magnetic moment of the space universal rotation magnetic Due to the uniform rotation magnetic field drive, the magnetic field Due to the uniform rotation magnetic field drive, the magnetic field modeling and magnetic moment decoupling can be realized, It is expected to overcome the disadvantages It is expected to overcome the disadvantages of traditional mechanical wrist, such as complex transmission and nonlinear friction, and significantly improve the response sensitivity and In this paper, the dynamic equation is established, the dynamic characteristics are simulated, and the feasibility of the magnetic driving ball wrist scheme with rotating fixed axis effect is verified.

Aiming at the cracking of Stainless steel tee in olefin plant of a petrochemical company, the failure reasons were analyzed by means of chemical detection of material, macroscopic observation, metallographic and hardness detection, microscopic observation of crack fracture and so on. The results show that: The inside of tee contains hydrogen medium, and the material has not been treated with solution, making the material structure more sensitive to hydrogen, and when used at low temperatures, making the material more brittle, the final result is hydrogen - induced cracking of tee.

A novel TiVZr_0.1Cr_0.1 lightweight medium entropy alloy (MEA) with high specific strength and good strain hardening ability was developed in this study in order to satisfy the increased requirement for high performance light weight structure materials in the aerospace field. TiVZr_0.1Cr_0.1 MEA was rich in Ti and V elements, and consisted of body-centered cubic phase matrix, basket-like nanostructure in the grains, and Zr-rich irregular-shaped precipitates at the grain boundaries in the as-cast condition. The as-cast alloy exhibited a specific strength of 202 MPa/(g/cm³ )) and a uniform elongation exceeding 4%. After annealing, Zr-rich precipitates at the grain-boundaries were re-dissolved and the uniform elongation of the alloy exceeds 6%.

The small wave buoy is a kind of buoy which can observe the wave and wave direction for a long time. It is worth studying which form of standard structure is more stable in waves. In this paper, two kinds of common small wave buoys, cylindrical and spherical, are compared and analyzed. The stability of the two by using Inventor 3D modeling software and Maxsurf stability analysis software, it is found that the spherical buoy has higher stability and better wave-following performance, which provides a basis for subsequent structural design and theoretical research.

Although body centered cubic (BCC) light weight high entropy alloy (LWHEA) has high specific strength, its uniform deformation ability is poor, which restricts its engineering application. This study investigated the effect of heat treatment on the grain refinement and tensile property of hot-forged TiZrVNbAl LWHEA. The as-forged sample occurred partly recrystallization at grain boundaries because of relative high strain rate. Fully recrystallized grains with the size of ~45 μm were obtained after annealing at 750℃ for 1 h, and the grain size will increase when annealing temperature increased further. Compared with the as-forged sample, the uniform elongation of samples annealed at 750℃ for 1 h increased from 3% to 15%. The above results could be a good reference for the mechanical property improvement of hot forged LWHEA.

Common coating materials exhibit different characteristics, and in practical manufacturing, diamond-like carbon/titanium nitride bilayer film is a common coating method that combines hardness and surface smoothness. Femtosecond laser is a suitable processing method for hard-brittle materials and can be used for the processing of diamond-like carbon/titanium nitride bilayer film. In this work, an observation system based on pump-probe technique was used to observe the surface reflectivity changes of diamond-like carbon/titanium nitride bilayer film under multiple irradiations with femtosecond laser, and the ultrafast dynamics of the bilayer film under multiple irradiations with femtosecond laser was summarized.

Joining of high Nb content TiAl (TNM) and Ti₂AlNb alloy is a research hotspot in aircraft engines. In the work, the TC1 thin was designed as the intermediate layer for joining TNM with Ti₂AlNb alloy and the firm joint of TNM/TC1/Ti₂AlNb was obtained by spark plasma diffusion welding. The joint was composed of TNM/TNM impacted zone/TC1 with TNM diffusion reaction zone/TC1 with Ti₂AlNb diffusion reaction zone/Ti₂AlNb impacted zone/ Ti₂AlNb. The TNM impacted zone consists of γ phase matrix and equiaxed α2 phase and Ti₂AlNb impacted zone consists of needle-shaped β phase and α matrix phase. The TC1 diffusion reaction zone was composed of α matrix phase and some large equiaxed β phase and the Nb element from Ti₂AlNb is the main reason for the formation of large equiaxed β-phase in this zone. The high temperature tensile strength of the joint at 700 ℃ reached 377 MPa, with the main fracture location at TC1 with TNM diffusion reaction zone.

A significant element impacting sealing performance is the existence of defects on the valve plate's sealing surface. On plates without defects, we run a static sealing test. On the five wedge gate valve plates with pit defects created on the sealing surface, we performed static sealing tests, sealing tests with switching, and thermal fatigue sealing tests. According to experimental findings, isolated pit defects, dense defects, and dispersed defects do not cause valve plate leakage to exceed JB/T8858 standards. There is no substantial correlation between media pressure, switching rates, and leakage rates. Wedge gate valve leakage rate dramatically increased during thermal fatigue conditions, and sealing performance and the number of valve switches under high pressure conditions are positively associated, with the higher the switching rate, the higher the leakage rate.

In order to improve the accuracy of appearance quality detection of cigarette packs at the outlet of GDH1000 packaging machine, a high-pressure airflow separation device is installed on the cigarette pack conveying channel, which accelerates the cigarette packs by blowing the high-pressure airflow, so that the adjacent two cigarette packs before entering the high-altitude conveying channel have a certain speed difference. As a result, it realizes the separation of cigarette packs, makes the cigarette packs enter the appearance detection device orderly at intervals, and ensures that the appearance detection device can correctly capture the complete and clear image of each cigarette pack. The application results show that the false rejection rate of small package appearance detection is reduced from 0.711% to 0.0025%, which effectively reduces the false rejection rate of small package appearance detection. The stability of product quality is improved.

The microstructure heredity of carbon segregation leads to uneven distribution of carbides and cannot be completely eliminated in subsequent heat treatment, thus affecting the wear resistance of bearings. The hot acid corrosion test was carried out on the rolled and spheroidized annealing samples, and the C element distribution and microstructure of the samples were analyzed by electron probe spectrometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The sliding friction and wear test of bearing steel with segregation under dry friction condition was carried out by using RETC multifunctional friction and wear tester, and the wear rate was calculated by white light interferometer. The wear morphology of the samples was compared and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EBSD. The influence of the heredity of central carbon segregation on the sliding friction and wear properties of GCr15 bearing steel was studied. The results show that the carbon segregation of GCr15 bearing steel has structural heredity, which makes the segregation more serious than the non-segregation, and the wear resistance is reduced.

In order to explore the mechanism of an ultrasonic vibration assisted adhesive injection process on strengthening the interface bonding, a pressure measurement experiment platform was built in this paper. The pressure variations of adhesive at the interface were measured during the process of three different bonding methods, including the manual adhesive coat, the adhesive injection, and the ultrasonic vibration assisted adhesive injection with different parameter levels. The effect of the ultrasonic vibration assisted adhesive injection and the parameters on the pressure at the bonding interface was analyzed. The high pressure of the adhesive at the interface was caused by the ultrasonic vibration assisted adhesive injection, which mainly arose from the external molding pressure, and the maximum pressure was 508.1 kPa. The same frequency vibration of the adhesive was caused by the ultrasonic vibration assisted adhesive injection, so that the adhesive had a pulse impact contact on the adherend surface. The larger the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration was, the stronger the same frequency vibration was. Meanwhile, the fluidity of the adhesive was improved by the ultrasonic vibration.

In recent years, the development and use of new energy sources has become a popular attraction. However, environmentally friendly energy sources such as wind, solar and tidal energy cannot meet the need for a stable energy supply. Therefore, reliable and efficient energy storage systems have received wide attention. Lithium-ion batteries store significant energy per unit volume through electrochemical reactions. Supercapacitors achieve a rapid storage and release of energy by a double electric layer. As a combination of lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor, lithium-ion capacitor has the characteristics of both high specific power and high specific energy, which can complete energy storage and release energy stably with high efficiency. This article introduces the structure of lithium-ion capacitors, including electrode materials, electrolyte and separator. In addition, the common types of electrode materials and the latest research progress are highlighted.

At the nanoscale, it is still unclear what the mechanical characteristics of a TiAl alloy with vacancy defects are during friction with diamond tips. In this study, a molecular dynamics simulation-based sliding friction mechanism model between a diamond tip and TiAl alloy was created. The wear mechanism at the nano scale was explored in conjunction with friction force, removal atoms, and subsurface damage, and the sliding friction behavior of a TiAl alloy with varying densities of vacancy defects. According to its study, the initial peak of friction strength and the shaking breadth of the aluminum alloy material are reduced when vacancy defects rise. Additionally, it was discovered that when there is a vacancy defect, wear and sliding position adjustments are also in line with Archard's law of wear, and subsurface damage is transmitted from the concentration at the contact point to the front end of the touch point.

Based on the dynamic characteristic test methods of hydrostatic bearing, the basic principle and method of the hammering method, influence coefficient method and string wave scanning method are analyzed in this paper. The measurement equations of the above test methods are derived in the dynamic characteristic test. The dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic bearing were tested by the inverted sliding bearing dynamic characteristics test bench. The stiffness coefficients of bearing can be obtained by the approximate formula. The test results were compared with the theoretical values. The results show that the stiffness coefficients of the hydrostatic bearing can be effectively obtained by the three dynamic characteristics test methods. The error between the test results and the theoretical results of stiffness coefficients is less than 3%. The deviation of the identification results of the three test methods is in the range of -2%~+3%. It is preliminarily proved that the three test methods are feasible to identify the stiffness and damping coefficients of the hydrostatic bearing.

Based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation in First-principles, we have studied the adsorption process of the fault characteristic gases H₂ and CO dissolved in transformer oil. The adsorption energies of C₃N (2D polyaniline or cyanoethynyl) for H₂ and CO were calculated respectively. First, we find the optimal C₃N stable structure through calculation. Then, the adsorption mechanism of dissolved gas was discussed. We investigated the adsorption mechanism of the two gases on C₃N surface in this study, by analyzing gas adsorption energy, electronic state density, and atomic molecular orbital theory. After geometry optimization, H₂ and CO gas molecules showed strong chemisorption capacity on C₃N surface. Adsorption. In a word, C₃N may be a potential gas sensing material for the detection of H₂ and CO. Its outstanding adsorption capacity.

Six tons of steel ingots that have three different temperature windows in the solid-liquid regions were simulated and studied via casting simulation software. The distributions of the porosity and crack in the steel ingots were simulated and predicted. The simulation results showed significant differences among the steel ingot solidification mode in different solid-liquid regions. The solidification mode converted from “U” type to “V” type as the change of temperature window range. The simulation results were strongly consistent with the experimental data. Based on these analysis, we optimized the casting procedure and verified its reliability by experiments. The porosity and crack were fully removed after optimization, which increased the quality of steel ingots and utilization ratio.

Directional seeding of maize seeds is the premise of directional seeding of maize. In order to improve the directional seeding performance of maize seeds, a directional seeding device of maize seeds based on centrifugal seed filling and differential directional principle is proposed. In this paper, the principle of centrifugal filling and differential speed orientation is expounded. The EDEM discrete element simulation software is used to complete the single factor simulation test of the influence of the diameter of the conical disc, the rotation speed of the conical disc, the difference between the conical disc and the conical disc, and the cone angle on the directional seeding performance. The test results are consistent with the principle.

The pressure shell is a key component to ensure the pressure bearing and sealing of the unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV). Considering the requirements of reliability, economy, and anti-corrosion performance, the weld forming method of 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel ring-stiffened cylindrical pressure shell was studied. Firstly, according to the existing pressure shell structure, the strength design is carried out with reference to the design code of China Classification Society, and the structural model of the ring-stiffened cylindrical pressure shell is obtained. Then, through the analysis of the weld forming process, the deformation control method of the pressure shell in the manufacturing process is studied, and the weld forming process of the ring-stiffened cylindrical pressure shell is determined. Finally, the weld forming method of 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel ring-stiffened cylindrical pressure shell is verified through small-batch trial production and external pressure test, which provides a reference for the pressure shell design of the new underwater unmanned underwater vehicle. The external hydraulic test shows that the welding and heat treatment process proposed in this paper can not only ensure the structural strength of the shell, but also effectively control the welding deformation, and ensure the sealing performance of the shell through the final cutting process.

Along with the development of lightweight tendency and safety requirement of automobile, the high strength steel (HSS) is used in automotive manufacturing more extensively. However, because of higher strength and toughness, its spring-back is relatively larger. This paper studied on the stamping springback problem of HSS, with the method of numerical simulation technology, the typical U-bending experiment of HSS was carried out, influence results of certain stamping parameters such as die gap, sheet thickness, binder hold force and friction coefficient were investigated. The common springback regulations of HSS U-bending were obtained.

Flapping noise analysis is performed for the piston mechanism of R4105ZD diesel wood chippers based on the multi-body kinetic analysis, transient vibration analysis and acoustic-solid coupling analysis. Noise sound pressure variation curves and sound pressure level distribution law are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for reducing the noise generated by the R4105ZD diesel wood chippers in the working process

Horizontal lathe often makes noise in the process of running, and damages to the operator's hearing. In this paper, multibody dynamics and acoustic-solid coupling analyses are performed analyze for the gearbox of horizontal lathe using COMSOL software. The variation laws of normal acceleration, sound pressure and sound pressure level during operation are obtained. The research provides a certain theoretical basis to the noise reduction of horizontal lathes.

Aiming at the fluidization phenomenon of iron concentrate in ship transportation, the material column was used to simulate the change of pore water pressure in the vertical direction of iron concentrate samples by using saturated iron concentrate samples and six-degree-of-freedom swing experimental bench, and the changes of superwater pressure at each monitoring point in the material column model under different peak accelerations were mainly studied, so as to judge the fluidization of iron concentrate in the material column. The experimental results show that the excess pore water pressure increases to a certain extent after the external load is applied, and with the increase of the peak acceleration of the external load, the time for the excess pore water pressure to reach the peak decreases, the lower external load peak acceleration reaches the higher excess pore water pressure, the excess pore water pressure gradually decreases after reaching the peak, and finally reaches the equilibrium pore water pressure state

Zirconium alloys are widely used in the field of nuclear, chemical, aerospace, and medical industries due to their extremely low thermal neutron absorption, excellent corrosion resistance, radiation damage resistance, good mechanical properties, and biocompatibility, etc. Zr-based alloys prepared by powder metallurgy have the advantages of less macroscopic defects and a low cost. However, Zr-based alloys usually absorb oxygen with a high content during the preparation of the powder metallurgy, leading to poor tensile plasticity, which was the main reason for the limitation of the application of Zr alloys. In this study, the tensile plasticity of Zr-based alloys prepared by powder metallurgy was improved by doping yttrium hydrides due to the absorption of the yttrium to the oxygen in the alloy matrix. The effects of Y doped content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr-30Nb alloys were carefully investigated. The results showed that the O content in the matrix was significantly decreased with the increase in doping Y, in which Y₂O₃ formed in the matrix. Because O is a stabilizing element of α phase, the decrease of O content in the alloy matrix leads to the decrease of α phase and the increase of β phase, which is beneficial to the improvement of tensile plasticity. Taking the Zr-30Nb alloy with the addition of 2.4 wt.% Y as an example, the tensile plasticity was increased by 4 times. The critical fracture strain was increased from 0.7 % to 3.5 % with 2.4 wt.% Y doping.

With the development of China's aerospace industry, the demand for long life and high reliability electrical transmission of space conductive slip rings is increasing. This article takes the bundle brush conductive slip ring as the research object, based on fractal theory and wear model, modifies fractal parameters, and establishes a prediction model for slip ring wear. The influence of fractal parameters and load on wear in the model was analyzed through numerical calculations. The average relative error between the predicted model results and experimental data during the entire wear process was 0.28. The wear prediction model established in this article can better reflect the actual wear process compared to other models, and can to some extent guide the optimization of sliding ring design parameters.

Polyurethane is widely used in various fields because of its light weight, high toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Polyurethane deforms differently under different stimuli and the deformation is more pronounced under the action of the electric field. In this study, changes of polyurethane cyclic stretching were calculated by molecular dynamics simulation under different electric field strengths and electric field directions. The results show that, polyurethane under an electric field can withstand greater tensile stress and enhance its tensile properties. The tensile properties of polyurethane are affected by different electric field intensity and direction. And excessive electric field strength will make the elastic behavior of polyurethane more easily destroyed.

The zero-stiffness structure has excellent vibration attenuation performance. In this paper, a new type of zero-stiffness vibration isolator is designed, and the vibration isolation effect is simulated and analyzed. Furthermore, the zero-stiffness isolator is applied to the McPherson suspension, and the improved McPherson suspension model is obtained. Under the excitation of the bump road and C-level Road, the performance of the improved suspension is simulated, and the responses of the vehicle body vertical acceleration and suspension deflection are analyzed, and compared with that of the original suspension. The results show that, under two cases, the vertical acceleration of the improved suspension is reduced by 92.5% and 65.4% compared with the original suspension respectively, and the stability speed is also greatly improved.

By studying the simulation process and simulation method of the ADVISOR simulation software, this paper selects the drive motor, power source battery, reducer and other power system components according to the technical parameters of each subsystem matched by the lithium titanate electric scraper, and carries out parametric modeling in the software to simulate the acceleration ability, climbing ability and endurance of the electric scraper. It provides a theoretical basis for testing the rationality of dynamic matching.

In this paper, the winding motion of a double helix structure was simulated using fluent for Re=200 and Re=3900 using the laminar flow model and SST k-ω model respectively. The results show that the drag coefficient of the double helix is reduced by about 23.39% at Re=200 compared to that of the single cylinder, while the drag coefficients of the single cylinder and the double helix are almost identical at Re=3900. In addition, the double helix spreading direction tail vortex changes from large scale vortex to small scale vortex more rapidly at Re=200; the double helix spreading direction tail vortex is Carmen vortex - non-dislodged free shear layer - Carmen vortex respectively from top to bottom at Re=3900. The velocity cloud is symmetrically distributed for Re=3900 when the spiral rotates at 90° and asymmetrically for Re=200. The results of the study can provide some help in the analysis of the winding characteristics of the mesh nodules.

In this paper, the finite element method is used to simulate the welding process of titanium/stainless steel dissimilar material with copper as the transition layer by ring oscillation laser welding, and the reliability of the finite element model is verified by experiment. The influence of laser power and welding position on the weld temperature field under different welding paths was studied. It is found that the optimum weld pool width can be obtained by using 2200W laser power and ring oscillation laser welding along the center of the Cu transition layer. When the stainless steel side is offset by 0.2mm for welding, the heat-affected zone area can be reduced to the greatest extent, the melting amount of the titanium matrix can be reduced, the formation of titanium-copper intermetallic compounds can be inhibited, and the mechanical properties of the welding joint can be improved.

To investigate the vibration characteristics of a double-body horizontal vibrating centrifuge with load, a longitudinal multibody dynamics model was established by using the multibody dynamics theory and the Lagrange method. The segmental function of material mass was established in simulation software, and the vibration curves were obtained in cases with and without load. The results show that the amount of material has no effect on the amplitude of the second-order vibrator, but is negatively correlated with the amplitude of the first-order vibrator., indicating that the double-body horizontal vibrating centrifuge has stronger adaptability to the change of material quantity.

Investigation of the response law of the pipe under the strong ramming impact, numerical simulation with finite element software was used to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of the pipe without interface and the pipe with bolted connection flange, focusing on the dynamic response characteristics of the pipe with bolted flange connection. The results show that the vibration velocity of the pipe under strong ramming impact is symmetrically distributed in the pipe's center, and the pipe's center is the most dangerous area. With or without an interface ramming point from the center of the horizontal pipe distance of 4 m, no interface pipe and flange interface pipe stress maximum value appears in the lower left part of the side of the near ramming point, flange pipe pre-stress value when no interface pipe 5.93 times, so the study of flange interface to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline is of great significance.

In this paper, a cargo position adaptive mechanism for fork is proposed; The mechanism is designed based on the rolling guide rail, which can realize the self-adjustment of the position of goods on the fork. The position of the traditional fork cannot be adjusted. Then the force analysis of the mechanism is carried out, which proves the effectiveness of this mechanism in theory.

With the advent of Industry 4.0, information has become the driving force of the manufacturing industry. The interactive process of manufacturing information is full of volatility, complexity and uncertainty. In the modern production management system, lean production brings greater benefits, in which Kanban management coordinates the production system of the entire organization and guides operations. The premise of a reasonable and orderly operation of the manufacturing industry is a team skilled in controlling information. This paper takes a manufacturing and assembly company in Henan Province as the research object, and integrates its information flow. From the perspective of "Stimulus-Organism-Response", the original Kanban was designed. The research results show that the reasonable layout of Kanban information can shorten the time-consuming process of worker identification information by 52.6%, which is very important for the company to carry out lean manufacturing.

The breech rotating automaton plays an important role in the anti-aircraft anti-missile mission. In response to the current problems of insufficient killing power of the anti-aircraft gun and difficulty in achieving reliable target destruction due to the small calibre in the near-range anti-aircraft anti-missile mission, a structural form of land-based 5-bore 76mm double-sided delivery and rejection bullet rotating automaton is proposed and the overall structural scheme of the automaton is designed. The three-dimensional model of the automatic was created by using UG, and the movements of the guide axis and rear buffer device and the limit block and the breech body were analyzed by using ADAMS to obtain the relevant parameters of the kinematic mechanism within one automatic cycle. The results of the simulation show that the designed breech-rotating automatic is able to meet the expected firing rate while successfully completing the mechanism. The results of the simulation show that the designed 76mm breech-action mechanism is able to meet the desired rate of fire while successfully completing the action

A carbon aerogel CAFe-ppy was obtained via using Fe-doped CAFe and conductive polymer polypyrrole (ppy). Iron, nitrogen and oxygen were successfully loaded onto CAFe-ppy. Notably, ppy could increase the electrical conductivity of CAFe-ppy.

A ground radar equipment is composed of several groups of antennas distributed into a certain shape. Each group of antennas consists of antenna array, antenna support tower and wind cable. Due to the needs of electrical performance of equipment, the interference of dense antenna support tower to the antenna is minimized. An antenna support tower is required to be developed, it is required to have strong structural properties of wind resistance, as well as wave transmission functional electrical performance requirements. It must also have sufficient structural strength and good dielectric performance. Through the analysis of structure and function, the glass fiber composite is selected as the manufacturing material of the support tower, and the pultrusion process is selected as the research direction of the forming process of the support tower through the analysis and research of three typical process forming technologies, considering the cost, cycle and other comprehensive factors. The functional composite antenna support tower finally developed by the unidirectional fiber+braided bultrusion process fully meets the structural requirements of the radar equipment for its wind resistance performance and the wave transmission functional electrical requirements for the minimum interference to the antenna

Due to the poor protection of light armored vehicles on the modern, a bulletproof panel support structure is designed and briefly described using 3D modeling software. After verification, the designed bulletproof panel support structure can not only ensure that the passengers in the car have a better observation of the field of view, but also enable the passengers to protect the incoming projectile more effectively according to the actual situation of the battlefield.

High temperature resistant composite materials and thermal insulation functional materials are widely used in high-speed aircraft load shields due to their excellent comprehensive performance. This paper analyzes and compares the advantages, disadvantages and application scope of ceramic based, resin based high temperature resistant materials and thermal insulation functional materials from the perspective of high temperature resistant materials and thermal insulation functional material systems for radomes. This paper focuses on the integrated design and preparation technology of a high temperature and heat insulation wave transmitting radome, and tests the heat insulation performance and wave transmission performance of the radome products. The test results are consistent with the theoretical simulation results and it meets the performance requirements of the radome.

The thermal energy carbon-free trolley is a three-wheeled trolley that uses the energy released by the combustion of alcohol as the driving force and moves according to a fixed trajectory to realize the function of avoiding obstacles. Eliminating transmission errors, realizing precise steering and obstacle avoidance, and getting out of a fixed trajectory and travel are the most important issues in the study of carbon-free trolleys. Through trajectory simulation, the innovative design of each mechanism minimizes trajectory errors. For the steering mechanism, a cam pendulum mechanism and a micrometer finetuning mechanism are designed to achieve precise steering; for the transmission mechanism, a transmission mode combining belt transmission and gear transmission is designed to reduce the vibration of the Stryn engine and ensure a fixed transmission ratio. For the traveling mechanism, a single-wheel drive mechanism is designed to ensure the motion accuracy.

In the process of five-axis machine tool processing, we will find an extreme phenomenon of excessive error. In view of this phenomenon, we propose a solution in this article to solve this problem. Firstly, this paper takes the most commonly used a-c two-turntable five-axis cnc machine tool in the market as an example to illustrate; Then, the special area with large error can be avoided by changing the tool angle.; Finally, perform a check calculation, extract the error value that is still large, and then perform interpolation processing. This will solve the problem

Analysing each layer's thermal resistance along the thermal transfer channel is a crucial initial step towards enhancing packaging and thermal reliability. Popular techniques for doing non-destructive analyses of material assembly structures are structural functions. We suggest a unique assessment technique to calibrate the structural functions in this work. The unique technique has practical physical importance in addition to the functions of the structure and may be applied as feedback to create a closed loop system. Additionally, structural functions with various configuration settings examine a 3D simulation temperature drop curve and calibrate it using an evaluation approach.

The incorporation of nanocellulose (CNF) as a filler into resin matrix to enhance its mechanical properties has been studied by scientists for a long time, and the homogeneous dispersion of CNF is the focus of the research in this process. In this study, CNF was graft-modified using methyl methacrylate (MMA) and then dispersed into a light-curing resin with methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the base at different concentrations for DLP-type 3D printing. The successful preparation of PMMA-g-CNF was demonstrated using FTIR spectroscopy. At the same time, its water contact angle and dispersion were characterized to prove the success of hydrophobic modification, which slightly reduced the crystallinity of the modified samples without changing the crystal shape. The tensile strength of the 3D printed samples added with PMMA-g-CNF improved after sufficient esterification by the post-curing process. When the addition amount was 0.75%, the tensile strength was improved by 114.8%. The microscopic morphology of the 3D printed products was also observed by scanning electron microscopy, which showed that PMMA-g-CNF was more uniformly dispersed in the resin matrix than CNF, and its use as a filler disperse stress contributed to the mechanical strength.

This paper uses a three-point bending test to investigate the influence of aluminium tube cross-section shape and thin-wall thickness on mechanical behaviour. Four cross-section structures are studied through the finite element modelling method: hollow circular structure, circular cross support structure, hollow rectangular structure, and embedded double-layer rectangular structure. The effect of wall thickness is simulated under three-point bending loading, which is 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm. The load-displacement curve, fracture failure behaviour, and Mises stress cloud diagram were obtained, the comparison between different structures and wall thicknesses was carried out, and directional suggestions were put forward for further research. The results were shown that the second structure has a higher peak load and energy absorption efficiency and good comprehensive mechanical properties. With increasing thickness, four cross-section aluminium tubes can provide better-bending properties.

CISDI’s continuous casting team has modernized slab caster 1 at Baosteel Meishan Steel in China’s Jiangsu Province. The old caster 1 produced mainly low carbon steels and its annual production capacity was less than 600,000 tonnes. The rebuild enables it to produce high-end steels – fine-blanking, pickling and high-strength structural grades. Its annual production capacity achieves 2.20 million tonnes. The slabs show a distinctly improved quality, featuring an 80 percent decrease of corner crack’s incidence, a 14.6 percent optimization of inner crack’s rating, a 20.4 percent optimization of triangular crack’s rating, and a 11.2 percent optimization of inner segregation MAN rating. The transformed slab caster works at a stable casting speed of 1.8 meters per minute for low-carbon steel production. This paper elaborates CISDI team’s efforts in and contributions to the slab caster’s transformation.

For the pineapple leaves contain long and tough fibers, the traditional straw harvester harvesting fiber clogging, entangling the machine, can not continue to work properly, adopting the simplification processing of crushing - throwing- collecting technology process, we developed a throwing type pineapple leaf crushing and collecting machine, which completely solved the problem of material blockage. By designing the main working parts, the main structure and working parameters of the shredding knife, crushing chamber, traction mechanism and hopper car are determined; The performance of the prototype was tested and all indicators met the design requirements. The results show that the pineapple leaf harvesting loss rate of the machine is 12.3%, the productivity is 0.14 hm² /h, the oil consumption per unit area is 58.6 kg/hm² , and the pineapple leaf production cost is 25.04 yuan/t. Far lower than the cost of manual harvesting, the harvested pineapple leaves contain less soil, in line with the requirements for livestock feed, the machine has broad prospects for application.

Seven-degree-of-freedom redundant robotic arms with linkage offsets are suitable for complex tasks and have obvious geometric significance. However, the redundancy of degrees of freedom also increases the complexity of the spatial configuration, which makes the kinematic solution slow, computationally intensive and subject to iterative cumulative errors. This paper proposes an inverse kinematic solution method based on a combination of analytical and geometric methods to avoid self-collision by limiting the joints. This allows the redundant robot arm to reach the target position quickly and stably with an optimal attitude. Finally, kinematic simulations using Rviz and Gazebo in ROS demonstrate the high accuracy of the method. This provides an accurate, real-time, complete and stable solution for the kinematic solution of the redundant robotic arm and can be effectively applied to related research and development work in the field of robotics.

Aiming at the deformation and vibration problems in the traditional propeller blade machining at present, a double-sided collaborative machining method is studied in the research. This article conducts a series of comparative machining experiments on the double-sided collaborative machining method of propeller blades, and analyzes the experimental results. The experiment conducted detection and evaluation from two aspects: deformation and vibration curves, as well as tolerance results, thereby verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the double-sided collaborative machining method.

In view of some key technical problems of fully-loaded SRM, the measures to be taken in order to avoid the problems of structural interference, thermal debonding, and the mismatch of internal and external pressure in the gap between the insulated case and the coated grain are proposed from the point of view of mechanical structural adaptability. The results show the propellant with good tensile strength, the liner with good interface peeling strength, and the stress-release ring of ablative material should be selected as far as possible for end-burning propellant grain; the fillers of stress-release ring material should have low thermal conductivity and appear to melt at high temperature to reduce the thermal failure of adhesive property ;for fully-loaded SRM ,strict attention should be paid to the dimensional chains among the propellant grain ,the insulated case ,the nozzle and the top cover. The key focus is the air guide structure and charge exhaust process of motor with long stress release boot.

In order to satisfy the demands of virtual interchangeability verification of key aircraft components, the high-precision and rapid reverse modeling and reconstruction technology for aircraft assembly components is applied to accurately mirror the geometric information of datum parts and interchangeable parts, and to construct a digital twin model of target components. In addition, by developing and applying the visual interchangeability simulation analysis system of human-computer interaction, the application of model-based virtual interchangeability coordination method has been realized during aircraft development process, which substitutes the traditional inspection method for interchangeability and coordination with physical items, and reduces the inspection cycle of aircraft component interchangeability and improves the development efficiency of aircraft products.

In response to the low production efficiency issues of current domestic and foreign cigarette breakable capsule implantation equipment, this article designs a dual disc breakable capsule implantation equipment. Through a combination of theory and experiment, the parameters are adjusted and verified, and the core positions of breakable capsule transfer such as the material collection of the breakable capsule disc and the implantation of the lower plate are optimized. The functional requirements for precise implantation of breakable capsule into the filter rod are achieved, reducing the number of breakable capsule, broken breakable capsule, and Production defects such as phase deviation exceeding the standard, and the implantation speed of breakable capsule has been increased to 280-320m/min. There search results provide reference and reference value for the efficient implantation method of breakable capsule in cigarettes.

At the design stage of a machine tool, how to accurately predict and analyze the motion error of linear axis system is a difficult problem for designers. This research is of great significance to optimize the initial design scheme of the machine tool and improve the geometric accuracy. A kinematic errors prediction and accuracy improvement method of guide rail based on assembly and manufacturing analysis was proposed. Firstly, the distribution law of bolt preload under a specific assembly sequence was revealed by finite element analysis (FEA). Based on a probability analysis of assembly parameters, the statically indeterminate mechanical model of guide rail assembly deformation was established. Secondly, a Fourier function with tolerance as amplitude was established to characterize the surface topography of the guide rail installation base surface satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions. Based on the influence of manufacturing and assembly, the final profile curve function of the guide rail is obtained, and the straightness and angular kinematics error (SAEs) are accurately predicted. The prediction accuracy of the straightness error is 98.5%. Referring to the prediction results, the targeted accuracy improvement measures for the linear axis platform are proposed. The straightness kinematics error of the guide rail is reduced from 9.11um to 4.28um. The proposed method can accurately predict the motion error of the guide rail and guide the precision improvement of the linear axis.

The novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket is a new type of cryogenic insulation material, commonly used as thermal protection systems and applied in the annular space of cryogenic equipment. This study used scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry to explore its fiber morphology and pore structure for better understanding the micro-structure of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket, and measured its insulation performance under the high vacuum and extremely low temperature conditions using the static liquid-nitrogen boil-off calorimetry. The conclusions are drawn: The diameter of the fibers was mostly distributed within the range of 5.8-8.6 μm, with an average fiber diameter of 7.91 μm; The blanket has a porosity of 92.28%, an average pore diameter (4V/A) of 40.64 μm; In high vacuum conditions of 10^-4 Pa and at boundary temperatures of the liquid nitrogen, the apparent thermal conductivity was determined to be 8.198×10^-4 W/(m·K) with a heat flux of 11.195 W/m² , demonstrating good insulation performance. This study provides significant reference value for a deeper understanding of the novel micro-fiberglass wool blanket and its applications in cryogenic equipment.

In order to realize automatic folding molding of label paper packaging of heating and non-burning cigarette double aluminum package, a label paper folding molding device of double aluminum package is designed by concept of nonstandard design. The device is mainly composed of label paper conveying mechanism, glue spraying mechanism, manipulator picking and packing mechanism, label paper folding mechanism, label paper drying and forming mechanism and other components. Through the conveying and glue spraying of the package label paper, the robot hand picks up and packs the double aluminum packages transmitted upstream, folds the paper and dries and molds the package label paper, so as to realize the folding and molding of the heating and non-burning double aluminum packages and label paper. Test of "MC" heating and non-burning cigarettes produced by Yuxi Cigarette Factory was carried out. The results showed that the developed heating and non-burning double aluminum package label paper folding molding device operated stably and reliably, and the qualified rate of appearance quality reached 96.8%, and the sensory quality evaluation was good. This technology can provide support for flexible production of cigarette special-shaped packaging.

As an important structure connecting the hull to the ship's equipment, whether the base can play a protective role when the equipment is subjected to impact loads is the key to improving the combat effectiveness and vitality of the ship. In order to improve the impact resistance of shipboard equipment, this paper designs a novel negative Poisson's ratio structure, calculates its stress-strain curve and specific energy absorption curve, designs the base of shipboard equipment based on the novel negative Poisson's ratio structure, uses the numerical simulation method to carry out the static analysis and modal analysis of the base, and studies the influence of the negative Poisson's ratio structure parameters on the impact resistance of the base. The results show that the novel negative Poisson's ratio structure has better energy absorption capacity and the acceleration response of the base decreases with decreasing cell length.

Nowadays, cold bending steel has been widely used in actual engineering buildings, and its proportion of the building structure is increasing day by day, so its transverse load performance has become an important topic. Due to the actual industrial demand, a new cold-bending steel section structure with high horizontal weighing capacity is urgently needed. In view of the above situation, this paper designed a new type of cold bending steel section, through theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental study of C cold bending steel, lip type cold bending steel and new cold bending steel performance analysis of transverse load, the stress and strain in the process of stress.

Aiming at the problems of large amount of calculation and low efficiency in the fine simulation of aluminum alloy mortise and tenon joints, a fast finite element method for calculating the mortise and tenon joints based on mixed spring beam element was proposed, and the method was applied to optimize the structure of aluminum alloy frame. Radial basis neural network was used to train the semi-rigidity of the mortise and tenon joints in different design variables. Under the constraint of the ultimate stress, the minimum output value of the response surface of the structure mass were taken as the optimization objective, and the linear weighting algorithm was used to obtain the optimal solution meeting the requirements of the working conditions. The results show that the numerical model with mixed spring beam element has higher computational efficiency than the solid element model and the error is only 9.52%. The maximum stress of the frame is reduced by 6.64%, the mass is reduced by 6.38%, and the energy absorption is increased by 8.07%. In addition to improving the safety performance of the car, it realizes the lightweight, which helps to improve the driving range of the car.

Multi-nozzle plane cleaning equipment is widely used in water jet cleaning technologies, which has the advantages of higher cleaning efficiency, better cleaning effect, and saving more labor and time. Currently, the nozzle layout of multi-nozzle plane cleaning equipment is mostly circumferential arranged and is adopted as the research object in this paper. Simulation optimization analysis is conducted on the parameters of multi-nozzle plane layout and its dynamic pressure cloud map and water phase volume fraction cloud map are obtained. Orthogonal experimental optimization method is applied with cleaning indicators as optimization objectives, and then the layout of multi-nozzle plane is optimized. The optimal layout states that the equipment should have 7 nozzles, the nozzle space and the nozzle target distance should be 16 mm and 110 mm, respectively. The research results provide a reference basis for the study of multi-nozzle plane layout parameters and a theoretical basis for the design of multi-nozzle cleaning equipment.

An Optimization Design Method for online tuned mass dampers (TMD) with continuous frequency conversion is presented in this article. The finite element program ANSYS-Workbench is used to study and design the structural parameters of the damper's natural frequency. A compact and lightweight structure with quick frequency conversion sensitivity is achieved using a multi-objective structural optimization approach. In addition, the simulation results show that there is a significant deviation occurs between the new resonance peak of the vibration harmonic response of the rotor system and the theoretical value. To avoid the impact of the damper mass on the new resonance peak position, the TMD is optimized topologically to achieve a lighter structure with appropriate performance. The mass of the TMD is reduced by 30%. And in the steadystate response with an optimized TMD structure, the errors between the two new peaks and the theoretical values were reduced by 38.0% and 8.1% respectively.

This paper based on the summary of the development characteristics and usage patterns of brakes over a long period of time, combined with the requirements of coal industry standards and relevant theoretical knowledge, starting from the material and structural conditions that affect the braking force of brakes, various factors that affect the braking force of brakes are analyzed. Based on the changes in braking torque and the heating work curve of friction torque, the basic requirements and design content of working brake design were discussed, and a new design concept was proposed. The research results obtained the calculation method and causal relationship between the working pressure of the brake, the design of the working structure, the type and quantity of materials, and the braking distance. Furthermore, it was concluded that the sequence of vehicle braking intervention must be from the rear wheel to the front wheel to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle. The research results can be used for the production and processing of brakes, as well as the development of new types of brakes.

In HSM lines, the crop shear is used to cut the irregular head and tail of intermediate billet. The shear failure caused by various abnormal reasons is studied and analyzed, especially speed fluctuation. A solution to improve shear stability through dynamic optimization model is proposed to solve the problem. It has been successfully applied to some HSM lines. The program runs stably and the field application effect is good. It can effectively solve the problem of shear instability.

Based on the analysis of the bending manipulator, this paper improves the working efficiency, instability and short service life of the traditional bending manipulator caused by the sudden change of speed and acceleration. In this paper, the size of each member of the bending manipulator is changed and the trajectory of the system is planned. The coordinate system is established by the improved D-H parameter method, and the kinematics analysis is carried out. Perform segmented trajectory planning for the bending robotic arm, using several different interpolation methods to plan and compare these trajectories. Finally, the trajectory of installing the gripper is planned using a quadratic polynomial mixed interpolation method; For the trajectory of material retrieval, the cubic polynomial interpolation method is used for planning; Use the quintic polynomial interpolation method to plan the trajectory of this segment; The bending following is planned using arc interpolation method; The cutting trajectory is planned using the quintic polynomial interpolation method. By simulating with MATLAB, a more ideal motion trajectory was obtained, which improved the stability of the bending manipulator. And use ANSYS to simulate the dynamics of rigid bodies, simulate the force situation of the bending manipulator during its movement according to the given planned trajectory, and obtain a manipulator with good mechanical performance, which improves the service life of the manipulator.

Different from the traditional macro structure block shape design of brazed grinding wheels and the micro structured grinding wheel surface design that is still difficult to accurately and efficiently produce, a structured design of the mesoscopic size of the brazed grinding wheel surface was carried out. Furthermore, simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of the structured shape and distribution characteristics of the mesoscopic size on the residual stress in brazed welding. The results show that among the three types of structured grid shapes on the surface of grinding wheels, namely square, circular, and hexagonal, the circular structure produces the smallest residual stress during brazing; The comparison shows that within the variation range of structured grid spacing in the experimental design, the residual stress is the smallest when the grid spacing is 0.05mm; The comparison of residual stress between structured and unstructured brazed single abrasive grains indicates that mesoscopic structure can effectively reduce brazed residual stress.

Machine tools refer to the machines used to manufacture machines, which play a significant role in the modernization of the national economy. When cutting some steel plates, cutting machines are used, and currently there are two drawbacks to cutting machines. Firstly, the laser cutting head needs to be replaced after long-term use, and multiple bolts on its mounting base need to be removed. This disassembly process will reduce work efficiency. Secondly, during cutting work, the protective cover and steel plate are in rigid contact, which will generate significant friction. This not only affects cutting quality and cutting speed, but also has poor sealing, making it easy to generate cutting sparks and splashes. In response to the above issues, a new type of laser cutting head quick installation structure has been designed, which can not only improve work efficiency but also better protect operator safety.

Thread is a common process feature of mechanical parts, and the main factors affecting thread performance are machining accuracy and surface quality. This article takes the external and internal threads of shaft parts as examples, and analyzes the main factors that cause thread disorder and thread cutting with the help of Swansoft CNC simulator. The results show that by reasonably setting the introduction length and the exceeding length, the phenomenon of thread disorder can be effectively avoided, and the use of empirical formula method to generate the cutting depth of each cutting in thread processing can greatly eliminate breaking edge phenomenon.

Composite materials are widely used in important fields such as aerospace, automobiles, engineering machinery, and architecture. The macroscopic properties of composite materials depend on the micro unit cell form the composite material. To design a composite material with special properties, it is necessary to design the unit cell structure of the composite material. In shape optimization, a crucial piece of information in the optimization process is the sensitivity of the structure's state response to design variables. Therefore, the efficient sensitivity solving methods are crucial for the design of composite cellular structures. With the self-developed numerical simulation software platform SiPESC, the geometric parameterization modeling of the unit cell model is carried out. An improved semi-analytic sensitivity analysis method is used to make the perturbation more accurate through mapping between the geometric surfaces and element nodes, and between element nodes and elements. The sensitivity calculation efficiency becomes higher by using the local element to solve the sensitivity. The verification of typical cases shows that the algorithm in this paper meets the accuracy requirements compared with the global difference method.

Titanium alloy has many advantages such as high Strength ratio and low density, and is widely used in space transmission mechanism. However, titanium alloy has poor wear resistance, poor high-temperature oxidation resistance and sensitive surface stress concentration, which leads to difficult grinding of titanium alloy gears and easy to destroy the surface. In addition, the space transmission mechanism has high lightweight requirements, and the gear structure has many lightweight treatments such as thin wall and hole digging, resulting in low overall gear stiffness. When machining, the cutting force is large, and the overall structure of the gear is at great risk of deformation. Therefore, it is proposed to use wire cutting to process titanium alloy gears, and to improve the processing efficiency by processing multiple gears at the same time. By means of orthogonal test, the effects of Processing voltage (OV), Discharge time (ON), Quiescent time (OFF) and Line feed (WF) on the tooth surface roughness were studied, and the optimal parameter combination was obtained: Processing voltage (OV) is 90V, Discharge time (ON) is 550ns, Quiescent time (OFF) is 10 μs and Line feed (WF) is level7. This scheme can meet the requirements of the quality of the tooth surface roughness and the machining efficiency at the same time.

The slurry used in the construction industry has important research value. According to the increasing uniformity requirement, the development status of slurry mixing technology has received more attention and analysis. Furthermore, the comparative study of different mixing structures based on dynamic simulation has been proposed and studied. Firstly, the characteristics of mixing structure is analyzed and the uniformity of slurry is characterized. Secondly, a threedimensional model of the simulation and analysis of the stirring blade is established. Then, the dynamic calculation and analysis are carried out based on the typical stirring process theory. Finally, the structural characteristics of different stirring blades is compared through actual simulation analysis, and the results could show which structure is optimal. The results prove that the bi-axial mixing structure has the characteristics of high stirring efficiency and low deposition degree, which can be suitable for the pulping process in the sealed environment.

A series of Er³⁺: KBaY(MoO₄)₃ phosphors were successfully synthesized utilizing a high temperature solid phase technique in this investigation. Their physical phases and structures were analyzed by XRD and Fourier infrared spectroscopy. The phosphorescent properties of KBaY(MoO₄)₃ doped with Er³⁺ at various concentrations were examined through analysis of both luminescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime, in both visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The impact of Er³⁺ ion concentration on the spectral properties of the phosphors was also studied. Experiments show that the fluorescence intensity is maximum when the Er³⁺ ion concentration is 5 mol%. This study has some reference significance for the development of new fluorescent materials.

In this paper, the main causes of polylactic acid (PLA)straw macular quality problems were analyzed, and the optimization scheme of PLA straw production process for improving macular was proposed, and found that the main factors of macular formation in straw production are cleaning frequency, mold head temperature, mold outer ring size and mold material. The test results show that: The more cleaning frequency, the smaller the number of macular production; The optimum production temperature of die head is 195℃; and the optimum size of die mouth outer ring is 26mm; The best mold material is Peek material.

Based on the finite element method of Ansys Workbench, the fluid-solid thermal coupling modeling will be carried out on the tool handle of three different materials including in the ordinary structural steel, 316 stainless steel and Incore 718 superalloy, and the temperature distribution of various tool handle will be analyzed, which will provide a reference for the reasonable selection of tool handle matrix materials. The results shows that the structural steel temperature compared with the other two kinds of metal materials temperature is lower, in -23.70 ~-1.1764°C, and -1.1764~21.354°C for 316 stainless steel and superalloy, which is close to room temperature. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of ordinary structural steel is better, while the other two kinds of thermal conductivity such as 316 stainless steel and Incore718 are weak.

Accurate identification of external loads on structures is of great significance for structural health monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance. Aiming at the problem of load identification with known position and unknown magnitude, a structural load identification method based on strain response is proposed. Firstly, the load coefficient matrix between the strain of the measuring point and the unit load is established by numerical simulation; Then the optimal arrangement of strain measuring points is obtained based on the D-optimal design principle, and strain gauges are pasted to the structure to collect strain information under actual working conditions; Finally, the load magnitude acting on the structure is calculated based on the load coefficient matrix and the measured strain. Taking the variable-section cantilever beam structure as an example, a unidirectional excitation is applied to its free end to cause bending deformation, and the strain response at two positions is used to identify the load acting on its free end. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

In response to the complex control, poor universality, and large size of existing fruit and vegetable picking robotic manipulators, we have developed a joint-type universal fruit and vegetable picking robotic arm. We employed a dynamic analysis model and gradually derived the dynamic equation solutions for each joint. Simultaneously, we conducted static structural analysis, kinematic, and dynamic simulation analysis of the mechanical gripper using software such as SolidWorks, ADAMS, and MATLAB.

Graphene is a novel two-dimensional material that could be used as an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, the graphene folds and accumulates due to the interlayer van der Waals force, which severely affects the performance of graphene. In this work, mono-dispersed ZnO nanodots with the average size of 2.4 nm have been pinpointed on defects of graphene oxide by the homogeneous precipitation reaction between overdosed Zn²⁺ ions and N,N-Dimethylformamide. When used as the anode material of lithium-ion battery (LIBs), it shows good cycle stability and rate performance. After 350 cycles, the specific reversible capacity still reaches 978 mAh·g⁻¹ , which is 76% of the initial reversible value. This work offers a general strategy to pinpoint well-distributed metal oxide nanodots on graphene defects.

With the improvement of the output and quality of electronic products, higher requirements are put forward for the performance and productivity of heat shrinkable tubes that play a protective role in the wire. The expansion process using vacuum suction is a key technology in the production of heat shrinkable tubes, which directly determines the performance of heat shrinkable tubes; Poly Flow was used to optimize the simulation of the expansion specifications, and the wall thickness size and wall thickness distribution uniformity of the heat shrinkable pipe were determined by the simulation results, and the optimal vacuum required for the 1:2 expansion of Φ10 specification heat shrinkable tube was 0.08MPa, and a 30° cone angle was opened at the entrance of the expansion mold, which could make the wall thickness distribution of the heat shrinkable tube more uniform after expansion.

Based on the advantages of high stiffness, high accuracy and excellent dynamics of parallel mechanisms (PMs), the 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) translational PMs is introduced into the firefighting of high-bay warehouse in this paper, and use the screw theory to discuss from the perspective of DOF of branches to carry out type synthesis so as to obtain a variety of 3T PMs. In order to put into practical application, this paper selects 3-CRP PM as the research object, and conducts 3D model simulations and workspace calculation, which proves that this device can realize 3D dynamic firefighting, providing a new solution for the firefighting of high-bay warehouses.

A fast recovery abrasive flow polishing machine comprises a fixing block, a control panel, an interface end, a working box and a conveying pump. It also includes: the lower position of the left and right sides of the interface end are fixedly connected with a fixed rack, the position of one side of the fixed rack is meshed with the outer side of the rotating gear, the internal key of the rotating gear is connected with a cover plate, the cover plate is arranged in the inside of the collection port. The rapid recovery of abrasive flow polishing machine is provided with an interface end, through the meshing connection between the fixed rack and the rotating gear, through the cover plate to achieve the purpose of closing and opening inside the collection port, which can effectively collect and process the materials after use ^[1] .

In order to work smoothly and move quickly on a narrow vehicle-mounted platform, the vehicle-mounted radar needs structural design and lightweight design. In this paper, a set of segmented antenna radar driven by driving motor and hydraulic mechanism is designed, which realizes rapid expansion and contraction. At the same time, based on the statics analysis module and topology optimization module in ANSYS software, the original model is mechanically checked and lightweight designed under specified working conditions, and the antenna surface skeleton model is reconstructed, and a new lightweight model is obtained. Finally, the weight isreduced by 16.065%, which greatly improves the maneuverability, reliability and portability of the vehicle-borne radar.

In this paper, we propose a cable-driven 7-DOF robotic arm based on tensegrity joints and derive its inverse kinematics. The inverse kinematics of this robotic arm can be determined with two steps. Firstly, by given the position and posture of the end of robotic arm, we represent the angle of the ideal joints with the arm angle. Secondly, with the help of the homogeneous transformation matrix and the closed-vector relationship, the active cables length of each joint which is the inverse kinematic solution are calculated. Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed inverse kinematics method.

In order to further solve the existing problems in the field of mechanical processing, taking the processing of the drive axle housing part of a truck as an actual case in this study, a numerical control processing method based on a flexible production line is established, and the actual processing of the part is studied. In the research process, starting from the production line equipment, fixtures, etc., the flexible processing scheme of the production line is designed, and the key processes of turning, grinding and welding in the processing process are mainly studied. Through the analysis and research results, it can be seen that the operation of the flexible production line designed this time is better. It also has certain reference significance for the follow-up work.

Due to the frequent occurrence of electric shock accidents in distribution lines, the difficulty of identifying electric shock fault phase has become an urgent problem to be solved. The active control method for preventing electric shock in distribution network is proposed. The topology structure of device which used active control method for preventing electric shock is established. On this basis, a new fault phase selection method considering the instantaneous value of three-phase voltage is proposed to realize rapid, accurate and active prevention of electric shock. Typical application scenarios of active control method for preventing electric shock are established. The optimal installation scheme is able to reduce the electric shock current from 3A to 0A within 4ms, and there is almost no oscillation in the transient process. The application scheme of active control method for preventing electric shock is made differentiated which decided by the key influencing factors.

This paper introduces the design idea and implementation method of a regional power grid dispatching command order sheet system developed with the VFP, and the soft connection interface between the system and dispatching operation management system (OMS) developed with the QuickMacro and the IEwz plug-in. The power grid dispatching command order sheet system not only has the functions of operation task and operation sequence generation, automatic adjustment of large and small item serial numbers and automatic error correction, as well as editing functions such as inserting, deleting, moving and modifying, but also provides two functions of generating typical sheets by using the planned task pasteboard window: automatically retrieving typical Sheets through maintenance plans, and calling typical sheets through microphone voice. The soft connection interface uses robotic process automation (RPA) technology to realize the data connection between the two systems through the automatic operation of WPS forms and IE browsers. Therefore, the soft connection interface gives full play to the editing function of the power grid dispatching command order sheet system and the network function of the OMS, making them complementary and integrated.

In view of the interruption of 4G/5G signal, the inaccuracy of sensor monitoring data and the safety and limitation of GPS positioning function in transmission line operation and maintenance in complex environment, Beidou is described in detail in this paper. At the same time, combined with the application of Beidou positioning in transmission line tower deformation, icing monitoring, disaster prevention monitoring, line inspection, the advantages of Beidou in signal transmission and positioning are described in detail. It is concluded that Beidou signal and positioning function can effectively improve the safety and accuracy of transmission line operation and maintenance, and promote the process of intelligent operation and maintenance of transmission line.

An integrated energy system for regional buildings was proposed in this paper using a city in northern China as an example. A mathematical model was created to simulate various flexible loads during the cooling and heating seasons of buildings. The model's flexible energy use was then optimized with the goal of obtaining the best operation strategy for the building integrated energy system. To put it another way, in a variety of energy supply systems, the flexible energy load that must be met by the integrated energy system shall be satisfied first, and the total energy consumption (cold, heat, and electricity) is equal to the flexible energy consumption of the regional buildings at that time. When the integrated energy system's energy consumption is the goal of operation optimization, clean energy utilization rates should be higher during periods of high load demand and peak electricity price demand. At the same time, the cooling and heating capacity of the cogeneration system will be greater than the corresponding load demand in order to partially meet peak electricity price demand. At this point, the corresponding energy storage apparatus ought to be offered concurrently.

A charging strategy model of electric vehicles for distributed photovoltaic nearby consumption is proposed. The model gathers distributed photovoltaics in a certain region according to certain statistical characteristics and then schedules electric vehicle charging according to cointegration rules to achieve nearby consumption. The characteristic is to use the random load of electric vehicles to deal with the random characteristics of distributed photovoltaic. Through statistical analysis of the random characteristics of the load in the region, the change of power support, the system stability of photovoltaic absorption and the system utilization rate, the energy flow generated by photovoltaic is redistributed, and then according to the co-integration law, the electric vehicle charging is induced with the goal of reducing the variance of photovoltaic output and nearby absorption, It also complements the PV consumption of industrial and commercial buildings and residential areas.