We present a system to realize an on-line instruction environment among physically separated participants based on a
multi-modal communication strategy. In addition to visual and acoustic information, commonly used communication
modalities in network environments, our system provides a haptic channel to intuitively conveying partners' sense of
touch. The human touch sensation, however, is very sensitive for delays and jitters in the networked virtual reality
(NVR) systems. Therefore, a method to compensate for such negative factors needs to be provided. We show an NVR
architecture to implement a basic framework that can be shared by various applications and effectively deals with the
problems. We take a hybrid approach to implement both data consistency by client-server and scalability by peer-to-peer
models. As an application system built on the proposed architecture, a remote instruction system targeted at teaching
handwritten characters and line patterns on a Korea-Japan high-speed research network also is mentioned.
KEYWORDS: Haptic technology, Physics, Virtual reality, Internet, Local area networks, Computer simulations, 3D modeling, Visualization, OpenGL, Imaging systems
This research studies the Virtual Reality simulation for collaborative interaction so that different people from different places can interact with one object concurrently. Our focus is the real-time handling of inputs from multiple users, where object's behavior is determined by the combination of the multiple inputs. Issues addressed in this research are: 1) The effects of using haptics on a collaborative interaction, 2) The possibilities of collaboration between users from different environments. We conducted user tests on our system in several cases: 1) Comparison between non-haptics and haptics collaborative interaction over LAN, 2) Comparison between non-haptics and haptics collaborative interaction over
Internet, and 3) Analysis of collaborative interaction between
non-immersive and immersive display environments. The case studies are the interaction of users in two cases: collaborative authoring of a 3D model by two users, and collaborative haptic interaction by multiple users. In Virtual Dollhouse, users can observe physics law while constructing a dollhouse using existing building blocks, under gravity effects. In Virtual Stretcher, multiple users can collaborate on moving a stretcher together while feeling each other's haptic motions.
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